Abstract: An image forming apparatus including a latent image carrying member moving while carrying an electrostatic latent image on a surface thereof; a developer supplying member for supplying a developer to a whole electrostatic latent image on the surface of the latent image carrying member including an image area and a non-image area; a charging member for charging the developer on the surface of the latent image carrying member; and a developer recovering member for recovering a portion of the developer adhering to the non-image area of the surface of the latent image carrying member.

Abstract: A charging member for charging a photosensitive member from above toner in an electrophotographic process in which charging, exposure, development, and transfer steps are performed repeatedly and in which a step of cleaning toner remaining on a photosensitive member is eliminated, the charging member including: an electrically conductive charging wire which is disposed in contact with the photosensitive member; the charging wire forming an angle of less than 90.degree. with a direction of a rotational axis of the photosensitive member and is arranged at an interval in the direction of the rotational axis of the photosensitive member; and a power source for applying a pulse voltage to the charging wire, the pulse voltage having a polarity identical with that of the toner so as to vibrate the toner.

Abstract: In sheet feeding apparatus capable of feeding copy sheets individually from a stack of copy sheets held in a sheet feeding cassette to an exposure station of a copying machine, an improved sheet feeding apparatus comprises a cassette, a bottom plate for stacking copy sheets, which is disposed in the cassette, a sheet feeding roller which is disposed above the stack of copy sheets and rotates at the time of sheet feeding, a bottom plate driving mechanism for moving the bottom plate upwards and downwards, bringing the upper surface of sheets into pressure contact with the sheet feeding roller by moving the bottom plate upwards when feeding the copy sheets individually, and moving the bottom plate downwards after each sheet feeding. Furthermore, the sheet feeding apparatus comprises a mechanism for rotating the sheet feeding roller by use of the driving force for moving upwards and downwards the bottom plate.

Abstract: The apparatus is removably mounted on a copying machine, for feeding a web, such as an output medium of a computer, as it is paid out of a web supply tray. The apparatus comprises pin chains for driving the web, a roller for reversing the direction of movement of the web driven by the pin chains, a conveyor pivotally movable between a horizontal position and a vertical position, an operating device for operating the pin chains, a discharged web receiving tray disposed beneath the web supply tray, and a window for taking readings on the scale attached to the copying machine and indicating the sizes of copy sheets.