Abstract: A phase shifter, which reduces the loss of transmission/reception signals, includes: a linear conductor (211); a conductor (212) curved to form an arc of a radius Ro; and a conductor (214) that has a curving portion (214a) curved to form an arc of a radius Ri, and that also has an extending portion (214b) linearly extending from one end of the curving portion (214a). The phase (phase shift amount) varies depending on the rotation of the conductor (214) about a rotation axis (220) which causes the position of a part (?) where the curving portion (214a) overlaps the conductor (211) to move along the curving portion (214a) and the position of a part (?) where the extending portion (214b) overlaps the conductor (212) to move along the conductor (212).

Abstract: Input is applied to a two-partition circuit that substantially equally distributes input power into two partitions having a phase difference of 90.degree., and the thus-distributed output is applied to a first driver that generates circularly polarized wave. The two outputs of the second driver, in which the circularly polarized waves generated from the first driver are coupled, are combined in a combining circuit. The end portion of the opening of the sealed case incorporating the first driver fits together with the end portion of the opening of the sealed case incorporating the second driver such that the two sealed cases together with the first and second drivers may rotate relative to each other around their cylindrical axis. The phase difference between the input of the two-partition circuit and the output of the combining circuit changes according to the relative angle of rotation around the cylindrical axis between first and second drivers.

Abstract: A shaped offset-fed dual reflector antenna having a main reflector, a sub-reflector and a primary radiator which do not block the wave-path of said main reflector is improved by using an inclined primary radiator from a boresight axis of the antenna, and the shaped non-quadratic surface in said main reflector and/or said sub-reflector, to provide the desired aperture field distribution, improved cross-polarization characteristics, and improved side-lobe characteristics. The incline angle of the primary radiator is in the range between 10 degrees and 40 degrees. When a gregorian antenna is used, and the aperture field distribution is Tailor's -40 dB distribution, said incline angle is preferably 16 degrees.