Abstract: Markov chain parameters can be accurately estimated using partially observed data. A set of states, a set of observable states, censored transition data regarding the set of observable states, and perfect transition data that is complete data on transitions between states in the set of states are received as input data. Parameters relating to transition probabilities of a predetermined Markov chain defined from the set of states and a censored Markov chain defined from the set of observable states are estimated such that an objective function including a term representing a degree of agreement of the transition probability of the predetermined Markov chain, the degree of agreement thereof indicating a degree of fit to the perfect transition data, and a term representing a degree of agreement of the transition probability of the censored Markov chain, the degree of agreement thereof indicating a degree of fit to the censored transition data, is optimized.

Abstract: An action-sequence generation unit of an information presentation device generates, based on an action log representing a target action of a user and an action history of the user, an action sequence representing a sequence of actions including the target action. A permission-level calculation unit calculates, based on the action log and a permission log, about the actions, a permission level representing a difference between a time period when the actions included in the action log were performed and a time period when the actions included in the permission log are permitted. An action specifying unit specifies, based on the action sequence and the permission level, out of the actions in the action sequence, an action, the permission level of which is equal to or larger than a threshold concerning the permission level, as a trigger action among the actions included in the action sequence.

Abstract: The method for producing a balloon catheter comprises a tubular object preparing step to prepare a tubular object having a space extending in the distal-proximal direction, a balloon preparing step to prepare a balloon, a balloon placement step to place the balloon in the tubular object and inflate the balloon, and a balloon deflating step to deflate the balloon and form a wing-shaped portion, wherein a projecting portion is placed on within a mean circle C1 centered at a center P1 of the tubular object, and a radius of the mean circle C1 is an average value of a shortest distance D1 from the center P1 of the tubular object to an inside surface P2 of the tubular object and a longest distance D2 from the center P1 of the tubular object to the inside surface P3 of the tubular object on a cross-section in the balloon placement step.

Abstract: A state acquisition unit of an information presentation device acquires a state of a user. Then, an action information acquisition unit acquires an action according to the state acquired by the state acquisition unit by inputting the state acquired by the state acquisition unit to a learning model or a learned model for outputting the action according to the state from the state of the user, the learning model or the learned model being subjected to reinforcement learning based on a reward function which outputs a reward according to the state of the user relative to a target state of the user. Then, an information output unit outputs the action acquired by the action information acquisition unit.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound of general formula (I) (wherein X is as described in the present description and claims), or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition containing that compound.

Abstract: Disclosed is a balloon catheter that can prevent or reduce axial rotation and circumferential shift of the elongate body while ensuring good passage of the balloon in the blood vessel. The balloon catheter (100) has a shaft (110); a balloon (120); an elongate body (180) extending along the shaft (110) and having a body tissue contacting part at its distal end part; and an elongate body lumen (130), the elongate body lumen (130) having a first engagement part (131) so that axial rotation angle of the elongate body (180) is 0° to 60°, and the first engagement part (131) being located between the distal end (130d) of the elongate body lumen (130) and a position 30 cm from the distal end of the elongate body lumen (130) toward the proximal side.

Abstract: A protrusion is formed on a first part of an inner-cabin side wall of an installation base member of a protector with a sensor. The first part is closer to a connecting wall than a second part opposite the first part. The protrusion is on a virtual line in cross section. The virtual line is where convex substances, keys for example, hanging on passengers' clothes conceivably pass through. The virtual line extends toward a connecting point from a rear part of an automobile body closer to an interior of the automobile body than a reference line. The reference line is parallel with a direction in which a flange protrudes and extends from the connecting point. The connecting point is a part of an inner-cabin side end of a hollow part closest to an interior of the automobile body. The inner-cabin side end is connected with the installation base member.

Abstract: An optimization device includes a model construction unit that constructs a model for representing a relationship among groups and for obtaining a prediction represented as a time series based on a set of groups of occurrence time points of reference events as events occurring before interventions and intervention timings as time points to cause the interventions and a set of evaluation values of the groups, a parameter determination unit that acquires one or more occurrence time points of the reference events and determines the next group including a next intervention timing based on the acquired occurrence time points of the reference events, the constructed model, and an acquisition function for obtaining the next intervention timing, an evaluation unit that performs the intervention at the next intervention timing in the determined next group and calculates the evaluation value of the group obtained as the next group, and an assessment unit that causes construction of the model, determination of the group

Abstract: An estimation apparatus includes an estimation unit configured to estimate an acceptability tensor corresponding to an activity tensor representing an activity log without a corresponding acceptability log, by using a result of previously performed learning of a relationship between an activity tensor representing an activity log recording activities of a user, and an acceptability tensor representing an acceptability log recording an acceptability for a time change of the activities of the user.

Abstract: To estimate a parameter of a Markov chain model including unobservable states. An input unit (101) receives input data including a state set of a Markov chain to be estimated, a set of observable states, and censored transition data represented by a transition between the observable states and initial states of the observable states, an estimation unit (102) optimizes an objective function including a term representing a degree of match of a transition probability of a first Markov chain generating the censored transition data and a transition probability of a second Markov chain made from a model representing the Markov chain to be estimated and the set of the observable states, by using a parameter, and estimates the parameter, and an output unit (103) outputs the parameter estimated.

Abstract: The present invention provides a compound of general formula (I) (wherein X is as described in the present description and claims), or a pharmacologically acceptable salt thereof, and a pharmaceutical composition containing that compound.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a balloon catheter including preparing a tubular parison (20) made of a resin and a mold (30) that has an inner cavity into which the parison (20) is to be inserted and that has a first groove (41) formed on an inner wall surface forming the inner cavity; inserting the parison (20) into the inner cavity of the mold (30); allowing the resin to enter the first groove (41) by introducing a fluid into a lumen (23) of the parison (20) to expand the parison (20); and removing the parison (20) from the mold (30) before the resin reaches a bottom (41a) of the first groove (41).

Abstract: The number of partial functions and a variable for each of the partial functions are determined. Each of partial function optimization execution sections as many as the determined number repeats inputting a predetermined input parameter selected for the variable to a simulator and obtaining the objective function value for one partial function, determines one or more next monitored parameters based on the obtained objective function value, inputs the determined next monitored parameter to the simulator, and obtains the objective function value, and computes an optimal input parameter for the partial function and an objective function optimal value based on the obtained objective function value.

Abstract: Provided is a balloon catheter wherein a balloon is less likely to swell in the protective tube during an air leak test of the balloon in a state where the balloon having projecting portions is housed in a lumen of the protective tube. A balloon catheter contains: a shaft extending in a distal-proximal direction; a balloon having wing-shaped portions; projecting portions disposed on an outer surface of the balloon; and a protective tube in which the balloon is disposed, wherein, in a cross section perpendicular to the distal-proximal direction at a midpoint of a length in the distal-proximal direction of the protective tube, a distance from a centroid of the protective tube through an apex of each projecting portion to an inner surface of the protective tube is longer than a distance from the centroid through none of the projecting portions to the inner surface of the protective tube.

Abstract: An optimum input parameter may be determined rapidly. According to an input data dimension number that is a dimension number of input data, a reduced dimension number that is lower than the input data dimension number, and a parallel number, as many searching ranges as the parallel number are determined by determining as many transformation matrices as the parallel number, each transformation matrix being for transforming a space defined by the input data dimension number to a space defined by the reduced dimension number. Inputting input data to a simulator and acquiring an objective function value that is difference between output data and a previously provided observation are repeated a predetermined number of times and a next input parameter is determined using an acquisition function.

Abstract: A method for producing a balloon catheter including preparing a balloon producing device (1), the device including a mold (10) into which a parison (50) is inserted, and a fixing member (30) for fixing the parison (50) outside the mold (10), the mold (10) provided with a rotation preventing portion (20) abutting the parison (50) so as to prevent rotation of the parison (50), disposing a part of the parison (50) in the mold (10), fixing a portion outside the mold (10) of the parison (50) with the fixing member (30), expanding the parison (50), removing the parison (50) from the mold (10), and cutting the parison (50).

Abstract: Provided is a balloon catheter wherein a balloon is less likely to swell in the protective tube during an air leak test of the balloon in a state where the balloon having projecting portions is housed in a lumen of the protective tube. A balloon catheter comprising: a shaft extending in a distal-proximal direction; a balloon disposed on a distal side of the shaft and having, in a contracted state, a plurality of wing-shaped portions; projecting portions each disposed on a portion, of an outer surface of the balloon, that is none of the wing-shaped portions; and a protective tube having a lumen in which the balloon is disposed, wherein none of the wing-shaped portions is present between an apex of each projecting portion and a point, on an inner surface of the protective tube, that is at a shortest distance from the apex of the projecting portion.

Abstract: A main controller 201 of a main substrate 20 performs serial communications with a sub controller 214 of each flowrate control substrate 21. The flowrate of the carrier gas is controlled with the flowrate control circuit 213 under the control performed by each sub controller 214. Thus, the main controller 201 only needs to execute the processing of performing the serial communications with each sub controller 214. As a result, the processing executed by the main controller 201 can be reduced, and the processing executed by the main controller 201 is less likely to overwhelm its processing capability even when the number of flowrate control substrates 21 is increased. In addition, a signal line 40 between the main controller 201 and each sub controller 214 can be made long. Thus, the distance between the main substrate 20 and each of the flowrate control substrates 21 can be made long.

Abstract: To make a cable connected to an analytical instrument less likely to cause interference. An analytical instrument (2) includes an executing part (18) configured to execute an operation related to an analysis, and an electrical circuit (20) electrically connected to the executing part (18). The analytical instrument (2) constitutes an analysis system (1) together with an analysis device (100). A plurality of connection ports (10; 12) configured to receive a cable (200; 300) coming from outside of the analytical instrument (1) are provided at different positions in a manner that directions for receiving the cable (200; 300) are different from each other. The analytical instrument (1) is configured to connect electrically the electrical circuit (20) with the cable (200; 300) connected to a connection port which is optionally selected among the plurality of connection ports (10; 12).

Abstract: To suppress a computation time and accurately estimate parameters of a model representing a probability distribution of censored data. A parameter estimation unit 20 estimates parameters of a model by optimizing an objective function that is a divergence between a model representing a probability distribution of censored data expressed using a probability density function of observation data, the probability density function being represented by a mixture model of each component representing a distribution of observed values corresponding to each sample of the censored data, and a probability distribution of the censored data obtained from the censored data, the censored data including observation data of a sample with an observed value being observed, observation data of a sample with no observed value being observed, and a variable representing whether or not an observed value is observed for each sample.