Abstract: A spot welding apparatus which performs spot welding of a plurality of plate materials which are lapped to each other, comprises a displacement driving unit which displaces lapped portions of the plurality of plate materials and a tool relatively to each other; a rotation driving unit which rotates the tool; and a controller which controls the displacement driving unit and the rotation driving unit so that the tool is plunged into the lapped portions in a state in which the tool is rotated to perform friction stir spot welding. The controller controls the displacement driving unit so that at least one friction stir spot weld is formed in a region of the lapped portions which is between a plurality of resistance spot welds formed by resistance spot welding.

Abstract: According to one aspect of the technique, there is provided a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, including checking a leak from a process furnace before a substrate is processed. The checking includes: (a) measuring, by a partial pressure sensor provided at an exhaust pipe, an oxygen partial pressure value of a residual oxygen after the process furnace is vacuum-exhausted; (b) comparing the oxygen partial pressure value measured by the partial pressure sensor with a threshold value; and (c) when the oxygen partial pressure value is higher than the threshold value in (b), performing at least one among: purging the process furnace and evacuating the process furnace.

Abstract: A friction stir spot joining apparatus includes a tool configured to be brought into contact with or separated from a surface of a second plate member on the opposite side to a first plate member of the first and second plate members that are overlaid on each other, a driving unit configured to rotationally drive the tool around its axis, a position adjusting unit configured to adjust a relative position between the tool and the second plate member, a control unit configured to control the driving unit and the position adjusting unit, and a breakage detection unit configured to detect breakage of the tool by controlling the control unit to dispose the tool at a contact position with the second plate member or a predetermined pushed position at one joining position.

Abstract: A friction stir spot joining apparatus for spot-joining a pair of plate members by friction stirring with a tool's pin portion includes an advancing and retracting driving device configured to advance and retract the tool to and from plate members, a rotationally driving device configured to rotate the tool, and control device configured to control advancing and retracting driving device and rotationally driving device. The control device executes joining control of pushing pin portion into plate members while the tool is rotated and causing pin portion to pressurize plate members, and executes heat dissipation control of reducing at least one of a rotation speed and a tool's pressurization force more than in the joining control while tool is rotated and pin portion is kept pushed into plate members after joining control and separating tool from plate members after the pin portion's surface temperature becomes less than an oxidation onset temperature.

Abstract: A method for operating a double-action friction stir welding device including a welding tool having a pin member and a shoulder member, a projection/retraction mechanism for causing the pin member to project/retract relative to the shoulder member, a rotation mechanism for rotating a welding tool, and an advancing/retracting mechanism for advancing/retracting the welding tool, the method including cleaning at least one of the outer circumferential surface of the pin member and the inner circumferential surface of a through hole of the shoulder member on the basis of the level of an adhesion parameter correlated with the degree of adhesion of the material of a welding object, caused by friction stir welding, on the outer circumferential surface of the pin member and the inner circumferential surface of the through hole of the shoulder member.

Abstract: A method of performing friction stir spot welding of a plurality of steel plates, includes the steps of: friction stirring a spot welding portion of the plurality of steel plates by pressing a tool against the spot welding portion while rotating the tool, to plasticize the spot welding portion by friction heat; cooling the spot welding portion to cause martensitic transformation to occur in the spot welding portion, after the step of friction stirring the spot welding portion; and tempering the spot welding portion by the friction heat by re-pressing the tool against the spot welding portion while rotating the tool, after the step of cooling the spot welding portion.

Abstract: During friction stir spot welding, a controller executes a temperature holding control in which the controller controls a rotation driving unit so that a rotational speed of a tool is set to a value which is equal to or lower than a predetermined rotational speed at which a temperature of the tool is regarded as being equal to a welding temperature of lapped portions, and in which the controller controls a displacement driving unit to increase and reduce a welding pressure or plunge depth of the tool so that the temperature of the tool is held in a predetermined set range.

Abstract: A spot welding apparatus which performs spot welding of a plurality of plate materials which are lapped to each other, comprises a displacement driving unit which displaces lapped portions of the plurality of plate materials and a tool relatively to each other; a rotation driving unit which rotates the tool; and a controller which controls the displacement driving unit and the rotation driving unit so that the tool is plunged into the lapped portions in a state in which the tool is rotated to perform friction stir spot welding. The controller controls the displacement driving unit so that at least one friction stir spot weld is formed in a region of the lapped portions which is between a plurality of resistance spot welds formed by resistance spot welding.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-(4-trifluoromethoxyphenoxy)piperidine or a salt thereof, the method including the step of heating hydroquinone and 4-(4-trifluoromethoxyphenoxy)piperidine. This method can produce 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-(4-trifluoromethoxyphenoxy)piperidine or a salt thereof in an industrially advantageous manner.

Abstract: A friction spot joining device configured to carry out friction spot joining of a pair of plates includes an advance-retreat drive configured to advance and retreat a tool to/from the plates a rotation drive configured to rotate the tool, and a controller configured to control the advance-retreat drive and the rotation drive. The controller executes a joining control in which the tool is caused to give pressure to the plates while the tool is rotated so that the tool is pushed into the plates, and a separating control in which the tool is separated from the plates when an integrated value (P=ID×?T) calculated using a current value (ID) of the rotation drive during the joining control and a driving period of time (?T) during the joining control is determined to be reached a target value.

Abstract: A friction stir spot joining apparatus for spot-joining a pair of plate members by friction stirring with a tool's pin portion includes an advancing and retracting driving device configured to advance and retract the tool to and from plate members, a rotationally driving device configured to rotate the tool, and control device configured to control advancing and retracting driving device and rotationally driving device. The control device executes joining control of pushing pin portion into plate members while the tool is rotated and causing pin portion to pressurize plate members, and executes heat dissipation control of reducing at least one of a rotation speed and a tool's pressurization force more than in the joining control while tool is rotated and pin portion is kept pushed into plate members after joining control and separating tool from plate members after the pin portion's surface temperature becomes less than an oxidation onset temperature.

Abstract: A friction stir spot joining apparatus includes a tool configured to be brought into contact with or separated from a surface of a second plate member on the opposite side to a first plate member of the first and second plate members that are overlaid on each other, a driving unit configured to rotationally drive the tool around its axis, a position adjusting unit configured to adjust a relative position between the tool and the second plate member, a control unit configured to control the driving unit and the position adjusting unit, and a breakage detection unit configured to detect breakage of the tool by controlling the control unit to dispose the tool at a contact position with the second plate member or a predetermined pushed position at one joining position.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for producing 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-(4-trifluoromethoxyphenoxy)piperidine or a salt thereof, the method including the step of heating hydroquinone and 4-(4-trifluoromethoxyphenoxy)piperidine. This method can produce 1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-4-(4-trifluoromethoxyphenoxy)piperidine or a salt thereof in an industrially advantageous manner.

Abstract: The present invention provides an active energy ray curable aqueous resin composition prepared by reacting an acrylic resin (A), a polyisocyanate compound (B), and (meth)acrylate (C) having a hydroxyl group and dispersing the reaction product in an aqueous medium, the resin (A) being produced by copolymerizing an acrylic monomer (a1) having a polyoxyalkylene group, an acrylic monomer (a2) having a hydroxyl group, and an acrylic monomer (a3) other than the acrylic monomer (a1) and the acrylic monomer (a2) as essential raw materials. The active energy ray curable aqueous resin composition has excellent storage stability and forms a cured coating film with a good appearance and high adhesion to a substrate even after immersion in hot water, and thus can be desirably used for an active energy ray curable aqueous coating material.

Abstract: The purpose of the present invention is to provide a conveyor chain conveying a conveyance object such as a bucket while the conveyance object is mounted thereon, wherein the conveyance object can be conveyed to a predetermined position while both the conveyance object and the receiving member are not damaged by “biting” or “hooking” at upstream or downstream end in a conveying direction. An upstream tapered surface and a downstream tapered surface, which reduce the thickness of the receiving member gradually along the extended direction, are formed respectively at sides in the extended direction of a mounting surface of the receiving member. A locus of the mounting surface in a case in which the conveyor chain is meshed with and wound onto a sprocket is within a circle which is coaxial to the sprocket and whose tangent is a straight locus of the mounting surface in a case of conveying a bucket (conveyance object).

Abstract: A substrate processing apparatus capable of increasing the life span of a lamp for heating a substrate is provided. The substrate processing apparatus includes: a light receiving chamber for processing a substrate; a substrate support unit inside the light receiving chamber; a lamp including an electrical wire, and a seal accommodating the electrical wire to hermetically seal the lamp with a gas therein, the lamp irradiating the substrate with a light; a lamp receiving unit outside the light receiving chamber to accommodate the lamp therein, the lamp receiving unit including a lamp connector connected to the lamp to supply an electric current through the electrical wire, a heat absorption member including a material having a thermal conductivity higher than that of the seal, and a base member fixing the heat absorption member; and an external electrical wire connected to the lamp connector to supply current to the lamp connector.