Abstract: A surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization method according to an aspect includes: a first process of preparing a sample support (2) having a substrate (21) in which a plurality of through-holes (S) passing from one surface (21a) thereof to the other surface (21b) thereof are provided and a conductive layer (23) that covers at least the one surface (21a); a second process of placing a sample (10) on a sample stage (1) and arranging the sample support (2) on the sample (10) such that the other surface (21b) faces the sample (10); and a third process of applying a laser beam (L) to the one surface (21a) and ionizing the sample (10) moved from the other surface (21b) side to the one surface (21a) side via the through-holes (S) due to a capillary phenomenon.

Abstract: A fuel tank (10) includes: a lower panel (12) made of steel and an upper panel (11) made of steel; and at least one pillar (100) made of steel which is disposed in an interior space (V) formed by the lower panel (12) and the upper panel (11) facing each other and of which a first end portion is fixed to the lower panel (12) and a second end portion is fixed to the upper panel (11) in a state where the second end portion is disposed in a hole formed in the upper panel (11).

Abstract: This invention is capable of detailed control in accordance with the mode of using a lighting apparatus and the like.

Abstract: A motion sickness estimation device including processing circuitry configured to calculate a sensory conflict amount on a basis of a motion of an occupant's head caused by vibration of a vehicle; extract a feature of a traveling situation on a basis of at least one of the motion of the occupant's head or a motion of the vehicle; determine a habituation progress state, which is a state in which the occupant's habituation to the traveling situation has progressed, on a basis of biometric information of the occupant; set sensitivity to the feature of the traveling situation on a basis of the habituation progress state; correct the sensory conflict amount on a basis of the sensitivity; and estimate a motion sickness state of the occupant on a basis of the sensory conflict amount that has been corrected.

Abstract: A motion sickness estimation device including processing circuitry configured to calculate a sensory conflict amount on a basis of a motion of an occupant's head caused by vibration of a vehicle; extract a feature of a traveling situation on a basis of at least one of the motion of the occupant's head or a motion of the vehicle; determine a habituation progress state, which is a state in which the occupant's habituation to the traveling situation has progressed, on a basis of biometric information of the occupant; set sensitivity to the feature of the traveling situation on a basis of the habituation progress state; correct the sensory conflict amount on a basis of the sensitivity; and estimate a motion sickness state of the occupant on a basis of the sensory conflict amount that has been corrected.

Abstract: An information processing device includes a skin-region detecting unit, a measurement-region setting unit, a pulse-wave source signal extracting unit, a phase-coincidence-degree calculating unit, and a pulse-wave estimating unit. The skin-region detecting unit detects a skin region of a person in each of multiple frames in a predetermined time period. The measurement-region setting unit sets multiple measurement regions in the skin region. The pulse-wave source signal extracting unit extracts multiple pulse-wave source signals indicating a change in luminance from the multiple measurement regions. The phase-coincidence-degree calculating unit calculates multiple phase coincidence degrees each indicating a degree of phase coincidence between phases of corresponding base components constituting each of the multiple pulse-wave source signals.

Abstract: A motion sickness estimation device includes: a line-of-sight oscillation detector to detect oscillation of a line of sight of an occupant by using an imaging device; an object oscillation detector to detect oscillation of an object located in the line of sight; an oscillation comparator to calculate an oscillation difference from the oscillation of the line of sight and the oscillation of the object; and a motion sickness determiner to determine, on a basis of the oscillation difference, whether the occupant is in a motion sickness state.

Abstract: A gesture judgment device includes a reference part detection unit that outputs reference part information indicating a reference part region, a movement extraction unit that outputs movement information indicating a movement region, a reference part disappearance judgment unit that generates a reference part disappearance information, a timing judgment unit that judges whether first timing indicated by the reference part disappearance information and second timing of occurrence of a frame in which the movement region overlaps with the reference part region indicated by the reference part information are synchronized with each other or not and outputs a timing judgment result as the result of the judging, and an operation judgment unit that judges contents of a gesture operation performed by an operator based on the timing judgment result and the movement information.

Abstract: A gesture judgment device includes a reference part detection unit that outputs reference part information indicating a reference part region, a movement extraction unit that outputs movement information indicating a movement region, a reference part disappearance judgment unit that generates a reference part disappearance information, a timing judgment unit that judges whether first timing indicated by the reference part disappearance information and second timing of occurrence of a frame in which the movement region overlaps with the reference part region indicated by the reference part information are synchronized with each other or not and outputs a timing judgment result as the result of the judging, and an operation judgment unit that judges contents of a gesture operation performed by an operator based on the timing judgment result and the movement information.

Abstract: A luminance variation (dI) pertaining to each pixel is calculated (21) using a plurality of captured images obtained by image capturing under different illumination conditions, a texture variation (dF) pertaining to each pixel is calculated (22) using a plurality of captured images obtained by image capturing at different time points, and a subject region is extracted (23) based on the luminance variation (dI) and the texture variation (dF). A variation in the texture feature (F) pertaining to each pixel between the images is calculated as the texture variation (dF). The subject can be extracted with a high accuracy even when there are changes in the ambient light or the background.

Abstract: A motion sickness estimation device includes: a line-of-sight oscillation detector to detect oscillation of a line of sight of an occupant by using an imaging device; an object oscillation detector to detect oscillation of an object located in the line of sight; an oscillation comparator to calculate an oscillation difference from the oscillation of the line of sight and the oscillation of the object; and a motion sickness determiner to determine, on a basis of the oscillation difference, whether the occupant is in a motion sickness state.

Abstract: An exhaust pipe of an engine includes a crank-shaped pipe portion having a first bend and a second bend which guide exhaust gas to a mixer, and a straight pipe portion which is continuous with the second bend. The mixer is arranged in the straight pipe portion. An injector is attached to a portion of the second bend which faces the mixer. The injector has an injection axis which extends in a longitudinal direction of the straight pipe portion so as to point toward the mixer. A guide which guides a part of the exhaust gas from the first bend toward the injector is provided inside the crank-shaped pipe portion.

Abstract: A cooling system for an engine is provided. The cooling system includes coolant flow paths including a first flow path and a second flow path and where coolant circulates, a coolant pump for circulating coolant within the coolant flow paths, a flow rate control valve for adjusting a flow rate of the coolant through the second flow path, a temperature detector for detecting a temperature of the coolant within the first flow path, and a valve controller for adjusting an opening of the flow rate control valve based on the temperature detected by the temperature detector. The first flow path passes through a cylinder head of the engine, and the second flow path branches from the first flow path and passes through auxiliary machinery of the engine.

Abstract: A cooling system for an engine is provided. The cooling system includes coolant flow paths including a first flow path and a second flow path and where coolant circulates, a coolant pump for circulating the coolant within the coolant flow paths, a flow rate control valve for adjusting a flow rate of the coolant through the second flow path, a temperature detector for detecting a temperature of the coolant within the first flow path, a valve controller for adjusting an opening of the flow rate control valve based on the temperature detected by the temperature detector, and an output level determiner for determining an output level of the engine based on at least one of a fuel injection amount for the engine and an engine speed.

Abstract: An exhaust pipe of an engine includes a crank-shaped pipe portion having a first bend and a second bend which guide exhaust gas to a mixer, and a straight pipe portion which is continuous with the second bend. The mixer is arranged in the straight pipe portion. An injector is attached to a portion of the second bend which faces the mixer. The injector has an injection axis which extends in a longitudinal direction of the straight pipe portion so as to point toward the mixer. A guide which guides a part of the exhaust gas from the first bend toward the injector is provided inside the crank-shaped pipe portion.

Abstract: An information display device includes a display control unit, a gesture detection unit, a gesture identification unit that makes identification of an operator's gesture based on gesture information and outputs a signal based on a result of the identification, a distance estimation unit that estimates a distance between the operator and a display unit, and an identification function setting unit that sets gestures identifiable by the gesture identification unit so that the number of gestures identifiable by the gesture identification unit when the estimated distance is over a first set distance is smaller than the number of gestures identifiable by the gesture identification unit when the estimated distance is less than or equal to the first set distance.

Abstract: A luminance variation (dI) pertaining to each pixel is calculated (21) using a plurality of captured images obtained by image capturing under different illumination conditions, a texture variation (dF) pertaining to each pixel is calculated (22) using a plurality of captured images obtained by image capturing at different time points, and a subject region is extracted (23) based on the luminance variation (dI) and the texture variation (dF). A variation in the texture feature (F) pertaining to each pixel between the images is calculated as the texture variation (dF). The subject can be extracted with a high accuracy even when there are changes in the ambient light or the background.

Abstract: The present invention is configured such that: a cylinder block includes an introducing portion provided at a first side of a cylinder row, cooling liquid being introduced through the introducing portion to a water jacket, a restrictor portion provided in a vicinity of the introducing portion and configured to restrict the cooling liquid, introduced through the introducing portion, from flowing to an intake-side portion of the water jacket, and a discharging portion provided at a middle portion of the cylinder row at an intake side, the cooling liquid being discharged from the water jacket through the discharging portion; and an exhaust-side portion of the water jacket is formed such that a passage cross-sectional area of a cylinder axis direction upper side of the exhaust-side portion is larger than the passage cross-sectional area of a cylinder axis direction lower side of the exhaust-side portion.

Abstract: A dielectric ceramic layer includes main phase grains and a secondary phase. The main phase grains include a perovskite-type compound. The perovskite-type compound includes Zr, Mn and at least one element selected from the group consisting of Ti, Ca, Sr, and Ba. In the perovskite-type compound, a molar ratio z between Ti/(Zr+Ti) satisfies 0?z?0.2, a molar ratio between Zr/(Zr+Ti) is equal to 1?z, a molar ratio x between Sr/(Ca+Sr+Ba) satisfies 0?x?1.0, a molar ratio y between Ba/(Ca+Sr+Ba) satisfies 0?y?0.3, a molar ratio between Ca/(Ca+Sr+Ba) is equal to 1?x?y, and a molar ratio m between (Ca+Sr+Ba)/(Zr+Ti) satisfies 0.95?m<1.03. The secondary phase contains segregated Mn. In a body including the dielectric ceramic layer and an internal electrode alternately stacked, the secondary phase is located inside of a second region and not located inside of a third region.