Abstract: Provided is a liquid developer containing toner particles and an insulating liquid containing a hydrogen modified silicon compound.

Abstract: A liquid developer includes an insulating liquid and toner particles obtained by surface-modifying toner mother particles made of a material containing a rosin resin with a polyalkyleneimine.

Abstract: A black toner includes: toner mother particles containing carbon black as a colorant and a binder resin, the toner mother particles being surface-modified with a polyalkyleneimine.

Abstract: A process for producing a toner for a liquid developer includes: preparing an emulsion liquid containing an aqueous dispersion medium and, dispersed therein, dispersoids containing a resin material which has an acidic group having a salt structure formed with a basic substance and has an acid value of from 5.0 to 20 mg KOH/mg when it is in a form of an acidic substance without forming a salt with the basic substance, a colorant and an organic solvent which dissolves the resin material; coalescing the dispersoids contained in the emulsion liquid to obtain coalescent particles; removing the organic solvent contained in the coalescent particles to obtain colored resin particles; washing the colored resin particles with an aqueous liquid (first washing step); dispersing the washed colored resin particles in an aqueous liquid and performing an acid treatment to obtain an acidic dispersion liquid having a hydrogen ion exponent (pH) adjusted to 3.0 to 6.

Abstract: A process for producing a liquid developer includes: providing a dispersion liquid containing an aqueous dispersion medium and toner mother particles including a rosin resin; chemically modifying surfaces of the toner mother particles with an amine-based material by mixing the amine-based material with the dispersion liquid to obtain toner particles; and dispersing the toner particles in an insulating liquid.

Abstract: A liquid developer is provided. The liquid developer comprises an insulation liquid, toner particles dispersed in the insulation liquid, a dispersant dissolved in the insulation liquid; and a charge control agent dissolved in the insulation liquid. The charge control agent is represented by the following chemical formula (I): wherein in the chemical formula (I) R1 represents an alkyl group or alkenyl group having a carbon number in the range of 8 to 22, and R2 represents a hydroxyalkyl group. The liquid developer has both superior dispersibility and a charge characteristic of toner particles. Further, an image forming apparatus is also provided.

Abstract: A liquid developer includes an insulation liquid, toner particles dispersed in the insulation liquid, which at least a part of the surface of each of the toner particles contains a rosin resin and a dispersant improving dispersibility of the toner particles in the insulation liquid, which the dispersant is consisted of a material having a predetermined amine value. The liquid developer described above has superior positive charge property of toner particles and which has superior dispersibility of the toner particles for a long period of time. Further, an image forming apparatus that can suitably use such a liquid developer is also provided.

Abstract: An organic electroluminescent light emitting device is provided with light emitting characteristics hardly varying with time. The light emitting device includes a non moisture permeable translucent substrate 11, a light emitting laminated body 13 provided on the translucent insulating substrate 11 including an organic EL light emitting layer 16, a first electrode layer 15 laminated thereon, and a second electrode layer 17. The light emitting device further includes a non moisture permeable sealing wall 14, which is provided on the substrate 11 by forming a space covering the light emitting laminated body 13 without striding over the first and second electrode layers 15, 17 of the light emitting laminated body 13, and connecting terminals 23 which are provided by penetrating the sealing wall or the substrate to supply electric power to each electrode layers 15, 17 of the light emitting laminated body 13.

Abstract: A light emitting apparatus having a large quantity of light per space necessary for installation, which allows easy adjustment of the directivity of light emission and easy arrangement of the color of emitted light and has a high light emitting efficiency, is achieved by a light emitting apparatus, which is comprised of a moisture impermeable substrate having a warped configuration, an electro-luminescent light emitting laminated body formed on the inner surface of the warped substrate having such constitution that, from the warped substrate side, at least a first electrode layer, a light emitting function layer and a second electrode layer being laminated in this order, a moisture impermeable opposing substrate joined in an impermeable manner at the edge portion or in a region adjacent to the edge portion of the warped substrate and electrical connection terminals connected to each of the electrode layers of the electro-luminescent light emitting laminated body for externally supplying electrical energy to e