Abstract: A range finder 10 according to the present embodiment includes a first sensor 440 configured to detect an attitude of a body of the range finder, a correction lens 410 configured to be driven based on a shaking amount detected by a shaking detection sensor 442, a second sensor 450 configured to detect a position of the correction lens, and a processing unit 300 configured to determine an irradiating angle of light. The processing unit can determine, based on a detection result of the attitude of the body by the first sensor and a detection result of the position of the correction lens by the second sensor, the irradiating direction (i.e. measurement direction) in which the light deflected by the correction lens which position is corrected according to the shaking amount of the attitude of the body determined from the detection result of the second sensor is actually irradiated.

Abstract: A fuel cell stack comprises a stack of three or more fuel cells, each having an assembly in which an anode electrode and a cathode electrode are respectively joined to either side of an electrolytic membrane. The anode electrode is provided nearer to one end, in the stack direction of the fuel cell, than the cathode electrode. Temperature regulating parts for regulating the temperature of the anode electrode of one fuel cell of any two adjacent fuel cells and the cathode electrode of the other fuel cell are disposed at a plurality of positions arranged in the stack direction. The provided temperature regulating parts perform temperature regulation so that the heat dissipating capability of the anode electrode is different in the stack direction from that of the cathode electrode.

Abstract: A fuel cell stack comprises a stack of three or more fuel cells, each having an assembly in which an anode electrode and a cathode electrode are respectively joined to either side of an electrolytic membrane. The anode electrode is provided nearer to one end, in the stack direction of the fuel cell, than the cathode electrode. Temperature regulating parts for regulating the temperature of the anode electrode of one fuel cell of any two adjacent fuel cells and the cathode electrode of the other fuel cell are disposed at a plurality of positions arranged in the stack direction. The provided temperature regulating parts perform temperature regulation so that the heat dissipating capability of the anode electrode is different in the stack direction from that of the cathode electrode.

Abstract: An apparatus for monitoring a video signal comprises means for detecting a gamut error in an R component, means for detecting a gamut error in a G component, and means for detecting a gamut error in a B component. The means for detecting a gamut error in the R component includes: means for generating a first condition Y>S?a×Pr (where a is a predetermined coefficient) and a second condition Y<T?a×Pr from a Pr component of a Y/color difference component signal and an upper limit value S and a lower limit value T of the RGB component signal. The apparatus further comprises means for making a gamut error state visually recognizable with respect to the R component when the first condition or the second condition is satisfied.

Abstract: In a hologram screen for reproducing an image based on an output light obtained by scattering and diffusing an image light from an image projector, when a white light (image light) is projected on the hologram screen; and when a distance between two points at optional two points A and B on a surface of the hologram screen is given by 20 cm or less, and a value of the CIE 1976 chromaticity coordinate (u′, v′) at the point A is given by (u′A, v′A) and the value of the CIE 1976 chromaticity coordinate (u′, v′) at the point B is given by (u′B, v′B); the output light perpendicularly from the surface of the hologram screen has a color distribution in which a color difference &Dgr;u′v′ between two points A and B is derived from the following formula (1) and given by 0.

Abstract: An apparatus for monitoring a video signal comprises means for detecting a gamut error in an R component, means for detecting a gamut error in a G component, and means for detecting a gamut error in a B component. The means for detecting a gamut error in the R component includes: means for generating a first condition Y>S−a×Pr (where a is a predetermined coefficient) and a second condition Y<T−a×Pr from a Pr component of a Y/color difference component signal and an upper limit value S and a lower limit value T of the RGB component signal. The apparatus further comprises means for making a gamut error state visually recognizable with respect to the R component when the first condition or the second condition is satisfied.

Abstract: In a hologram screen for reproducing an image based on an output light obtained by scattering and diffusing an image light from an image projector, when a white light (image light) is projected on the hologram screen; and when a distance between two points at optional two points A and B on a surface of the hologram screen is given by 20 cm or less, and a value of the CIE 1976 chromaticity coordinate (u′, v′) at the point A is given by (u′A, v′A) and the value of the CIE 1976 chromaticity coordinate (u′, v′) at the point B is given by (u′B, v′B); the output light perpendicularly from the surface of the hologram screen has a color distribution in which a color difference &Dgr;u′v′ between two points A and B is derived from the following formula (1) and given by 0.

Abstract: A digital filter is provided for simultaneously filtering different components of a time-division-multiplexed signal. The digital filter comprises an odd number of a plurality of taps. A center tap and odd-numbered taps counted from the center tap all have coefficients equal to zero. The remaining taps, i.e., even-numbered taps counted from the center tap have coefficients for defining the filtering characteristic.

Abstract: In a hologram screen for reproducing an image based on an output light obtained by scattering and diffusing an image light from an image projector, when a white light (image light) is projected on the hologram screen; and when a distance between two points at optional two points A and B on a surface of the hologram screen is given by 20 cm or less, and a value of the CIE 1976 chromaticity coordinate (u′, v′) at the point A is given by (u′A, v′A) and the value of the CIE 1976 chromaticity coordinate (u′, v′) at the point B is given by (u′B, v′B); the output light perpendicularly from the surface of the hologram screen has a color distribution in which a color difference &Dgr;u′v′ between two points A and B is derived from the following formula (1) and given by 0.

Abstract: In a hologram screen for reproducing an image based on an output light obtained by scattering and diffusing an image light from an image projector, when a white light (image light) is projected on the hologram screen; and when a distance between two points at optional two points A and B on a surface of the hologram screen is given by 20 cm or less, and a value of the CIE 1976 chromaticity coordinate (u′, v′) at the point A is given by (u′A, v′A) and the value of the CIE 1976 chromaticity coordinate (u′, v′) at the point B is given by (u′B, v′B); the output light perpendicularly from the surface of the hologram screen has a color distribution in which a color difference &Dgr;u′v′ between two points A and B is derived from the following formula (1) and given by 0.

Abstract: A method for producing a hologram recording an interference fringe formed by an object light and a reference light on a photosensitive dry plate, and the object light either having diffusing and scattering characteristics or being passed through an optical diffusion body, mainly includes the following steps: In a first step, a ratio &eegr;R0/&eegr;00 of a first diffraction efficiency &eegr;00 and a second diffraction efficiency &eegr;R0, is calculated. The diffraction efficiency &eegr;00 is dependent on two object light beams. The efficiency &eegr;R0 is dependent on the object light and the reference light. In a second step, the intensity E0 of the object light and the intensity ER of the reference light is adjusted in such a way that the ratio &eegr;R0/&eegr;00 is set to at least 10 and the efficiency &eegr;00 does not exceed 5%.

Abstract: A pressed-contact type semiconductor device in which a main electrode surface of a semiconductor element is contacted with an electrode plate by a pressed-contact, which can reduce both an electric resistance and a thermal resistance between the main electrode surface of the semiconductor element and the electrode plate. The pressed-contact type semiconductor device (100) is provided with a semiconductor element (1) having electrode surfaces, a pair of electrode plates (2) contacted with the electrode surfaces by the pressed-contact, a pair of insulating plates (3) contacted with the outer side of the pair of the electrode plates by the pressed-contact, and a pair of radiating plates (4) contacted with the outer side of the pair of the insulating plates by the pressed-contact. A contact intermediary member (5), which is made up of particle member having at least thermal conductivity and electric conductivity, is intercalated between the semiconductor element and the electrode plate.

Abstract: A method for producing a hologram recording an interference fringe formed by an object light and a reference light on a photosensitive dry plate, and the object light either having diffusing and scattering characteristics or being passed through an optical diffusion body, mainly includes the following steps: In a first step, a ratio &eegr;RO/&eegr;OO of a first diffraction efficiency &eegr;OO and a second diffraction efficiency &eegr;RO, is calculated. The diffraction efficiency &eegr;OO is dependent on two object light beams. The efficiency &eegr;RO is dependent on the object light and the reference light. In a second step, the intensity EO of the object light and the intensity ER of the reference light is adjusted in such a way that the ratio &eegr;RO/&eegr;OO is set to at least 10 and the efficiency &eegr;OO does not exceed 5%.

Abstract: A coherent beam is converted into a light flux having an expanded width at a predetermined position closer to a photosensitive element. Part of the expanded light flux is irradiated directly on the photosensitive element as a reference beam. The remainder of the expanded light flux is diffused, and its optical direction is changed. Thus, the remainder of the expanded light flux not irradiated directly to the photosensitive element is converted into a scattered beam advancing as an object beam toward the photosensitive element. Interference fringes are formed on the photosensitive element by using the reference beam and the object beam.

Abstract: A method for producing a hologram recording an interference fringe formed by an object light and a reference light on a photosensitive dry plate, and the object light either having diffusing and scattering characteristics or being passed through an optical diffusion body, mainly includes the following steps: In a first step, a ratio .eta..sub.R0 /.eta..sub.00 of a first diffraction efficiency .eta..sub.00 and a second diffraction efficiency .eta..sub.R0, is calculated. The diffraction efficiency .eta..sub.00 is dependent on two object light beams. The efficiency .eta..sub.R0 is dependent on the object light and the reference light. In a second step, the intensity E.sub.O of the object light and the intensity E.sub.R of the reference light is adjusted in such a way that the ratio .eta..sub.R0 /.eta..sub.00 is set to at least 10 and the efficiency .eta..sub.00 does not exceed 5%.

Abstract: Method for producing a of a transparent type hologram screen of an wide visible range. A photosensitive member and a light source of a reference light are arranged on the same side of the light diffusing body. A light source of an object light is arranged on the opposite side of the light diffusing body, so that the light is transmitted through the light diffusing body to generate a object light. A light from a light source of a reference light is reflected at the light diffusing body or a member such as a half mirror or a transparent, reflective hologram element arranged at a front side of the light diffusing body.