Abstract: A reader/writer (RW) requires identification information pieces of respective plural IC cards (A, B, C). The plural IC cards return the respective identification information pieces in response to the requirement by the reader/writer. Logical addresses are assigned to some IC cards among the plural IC cards respectively to cause the reader/writer to select them in response to the return of the identification information pieces by the plural IC cards. The IC cards selected by the reader/writer are controlled. The reader/writer cancels the assignment of the logical address to one of the selected IC cards. The logical address, the assignment of which has been canceled by the reader/writer, is assigned to an IC card among the plural IC cards to which any logical address has not been assigned yet. The IC card to which the logical address has just been assigned is controlled.

Abstract: A hydraulic control system for an automatic transmission includes first and second passages connected to first and second engaging elements, first and second accumulators arranged with the first and second passages, and a timing valve connected to a back-pressure chamber of the first accumulator and for determining a timing for draining a first pressure within the back-pressure chamber of the first accumulator in accordance with a second pressure within a back-pressure chamber of the second accumulator.

Abstract: A select-shock control system of an automotive automatic transmission is shown. The transmission has an engaging element which becomes engaged due to application of hydraulic pressure thereto when it is needed to shift the transmission from a neutral condition to a drive condition.

Abstract: A radar detector is comprised of a voltage controlling oscillator (VCO) instead of DROs, thereby decreasing the cost of radar detector. The radar detector comprises a voltage controlled 1st local oscillator generates a signal of a frequency of 11.2796 GHz to 11.9832 Ghz, two (2) 2nd local oscillators generate signals with frequencies of 0.603 GHz and 1.3668 GHz, a memory section which stores pair combination data indicating the relation between the frequency of said voltage controlled oscillator, the frequencies of said local oscillators and the frequency of the received radar signal in advance; and a controlling section which decides the frequency of a radar signal by comparing the obtained information with said pair combination data.

Abstract: A neutral control device of an automatic transmission is provided which includes a forward-drive engaging element that is engaged when a hydraulic pressure is supplied from a shift valve, so as to place the transmission in at least a 1st-speed gear position of a forward-drive range, and in which the pressure to the forward-drive engaging element is controlled so as to establish a neutral condition by slipping and engaging the forward-drive engaging element, while an accelerator pedal is being released just before the start or stopping of the vehicle.

Abstract: An upshift control apparatus for use in an automatic transmission having first and second torque transmitting elements operable on fluid pressure between engaged and released conditions for controlling at least the fluid pressure to the second element to an initial value to engage the second element to effect an upshift from a current gear ratio to a higher traget gear ratio while releasing the first element without the use of a one-way clutch to release the first element while synchronizing rotation. Engine racing is detected after an upshift is detected when the detected gear ratio is equal to or greater than a threshold value greater than a gear ratio existing before the upshift. The fluid pressure supplied to the second element is increased to prevent the engine racing when the engine racing is detected at the early stage of the upshift before the inertia phase of the upshift starts.

Abstract: In select-shock control apparatus and method for a vehicular automatic transmission, the automatic transmission having a friction element to be released when a range selection from a vehicular running range to a neutral range occurs, a determination is made whether the range selection from the vehicular running range to the neutral range occurs; a transient hydraulic pressure control is performed such that a hydraulic pressure drawn out from the friction element is reduced up to a pressure level such as not to generate a shock which would occur in the vehicle when the range selection occurs, the level of the drawn out hydraulic pressure is maintained for a time duration at an end of which no vehicular running torque is left in the friction element, and, thereafter, an engagement torque developed on the friction element is drawn out at a dash when determining that the range selection from the vehicular running range to the neutral range occurs.

Abstract: A fluid pressure control apparatus for use with an automatic transmission having a hydraulic circuit connected to supply a fluid pressure so as to operate selected ones of friction elements in the engaged position and release the fluid pressure so as to operate selected ones of the friction elements in the disengaged positions. The control apparatus controls the fluid pressure to the friction elements according to a shift from a current gear position to a target gear position. The fluid pressure is applied temporarily to disengaged ones of the friction elements so as to exhaust air from the hydraulic circuit.

Abstract: An up-shift control apparatus installed to an automatic transmission, where an up-shift is executed by disengaging a first friction element and by engaging a second friction element, includes an A/T control unit for deciding the up-shift, a gear ratio detecting unit for detecting a gear ratio of the automatic transmission, a discharging pressure control actuator, and an up-shift discharging pressure control unit. The up-shift discharging pressure control unit outputs a command to the discharging pressure control actuator to temporally increase the discharging pressure of the first friction element when the detected gear ratio becomes a preset gear ratio indicative of a time just before the end of the inertia phase during an up-shift.

Abstract: A downshift control device for an automatic transmission is provided in which the transmission is shifted down by releasing an oil pressure from a first engaging element that has been engaged while applying an oil pressure to a second engaging element that has been released. This downshift control device determines whether a downshift command is generated to shift down the transmission while an accelerator pedal is being depressed, and detects a gear ratio that changes during the pedal-depressed downshift control. First control actuator controls the back pressure of a first accumulator provided in an oil path leading to the first engaging element, and second control actuator controls back pressure of a second accumulator provided in an oil path leading to the second engaging element.

Abstract: An upshift is effected by releasing an engaged first friction element and engaging a released second friction element. The first fiction element operates on a fluid pressure applied thereto through a first passage and the second friction element operates on a fluid pressure applied thereto through a second passage. An accumulator is provided in the first fluid passage. The accumulator has a back pressure port through which a back pressure is applied thereto by the function of a control valve having a first port connected to the back pressure port, a second port connected to a source of back pressure and a third port connected to a drain. The control valve operates, between a first position connecting the first port to second port and a second position connecting the first port to the third port, on first and second working signal pressures applied thereto.

Abstract: A downshift control device for an automatic transmission is provided in which the transmission is shifted down by releasing an oil pressure from a first engaging element that has been engaged while applying an oil pressure to a second engaging element that has been released. This downshift control device includes an applied pressure control actuator for controlling a pressure to be applied to the second engaging element, by supplying a pressurized oil to a back pressure chamber of an accumulator provided in an oil path to the second engaging element, and removing the pressurized oil from the back pressure chamber.

Abstract: A downshift control device for an automatic transmission is provided in which the transmission is shifted down by releasing an oil pressure from a first engaging element that has been engaged while applying an oil pressure to a second engaging element that has been released.

Abstract: An upshift control device for an automatic transmission is provided in which the transmission is shifted up by releasing an oil pressure from a first engaging element that has been engaged while applying an oil pressure to a second engaging element that has been released.

Abstract: An up-shift control apparatus includes an engine racing detecting means for detecting engine racing during an up-shift and an engine racing preventing means. The up-shift control apparatus is installed to an automatic transmission which executes the up-shift by disengaging a first friction element and by engaging a second friction element. The engine racing preventing means outputs a command signal to a valve actuator to temporally increase an engagement force of the first friction element when the engine racing is detected during the up-shift.

Abstract: An upshift control device for an automatic transmission is provided in which the transmission is shifted up by releasing an oil pressure from a first engaging element that has been engaged while applying an oil pressure to a second engaging element that has been released. This upshift control device includes engine racing detecting means for detecting racing of an engine of the vehicle during upshifting, and engine racing preventive control mans for generating to an actuator of a timing valve a command to temporarily apply a pressure to a back pressure chamber of a first accumulator which is provided in an oil path leading to the first engaging element and from which the pressure has been released, when racing of the engine is detected after the upshift command is generated.

Abstract: A downshift control device for an automatic transmission is provided in which a drive command is generated to a shift actuator when a shift command to change a gear ratio of the transmission is generated, to switch a shift valve and change oil paths, thereby to release a first engaging element that has been engaged in a first gear position established by the automatic transmission before the shifting operation, and engage a second engaging element that has been released in the first gear position, so as to establish a second gear position after the shifting operation.

Abstract: A hydraulic control device determines whether the transmission is being shifted down, and upon determination of the shift-down action, determines whether the vehicle is in a power-on condition or in a power-off condition. Upon determination of the power-off condition, the hydraulic control device regulates the control oil pressure applied to the engaging element, such that the oil pressure is rapidly increased from the beginning of a shifting process, and is maintained at a high level until the shifting process is about to be completed. Upon determination of the power-on condition, the control device regulates the control oil pressure such that the oil pressure is maintained at a low level from the beginning of the shifting process, and is increased just before completion of the shifting process.

Abstract: A speed detecting apparatus mounted on an object moving on the ground detects a Doppler frequency for computing a moving speed thereof by receiving reflection waves of a microwave signal or a millimeter wave transmitted to the ground. The apparatus comprises a plurality of transmitting/receiving systems each having an antenna and a transmitter/receiver, and a signal processing section for computing moving speed according to Doppler frequency detected by the transmitting/receiving systems. Directivity of an antenna provided in each of the plurality of transmitting/receiving systems is set at a different angle respectively.

Abstract: An output circuit for outputting a control signal through a transistor to a controlled apparatus including an output detecting section for detecting the control signal and an external power supply for supplying a power to the output detecting section, a voltage due to the external power supply being applied to between a collector and emitter. The output circuit comprises a capacitor coupled in parallel to an output detecting circuit comprising the output detecting section and the transistor coupled in series to each other and resistor means coupled in series to a parallel circuit comprising the output detecting circuit and the capacitor so as to give a series resistance with respect to the parallel circuit. The output circuit further comprises a switch disposed to be parallel to the resistor for bypassing the resistor to substantially reduce the series resistance up to zero when a voltage between terminals of the capacitor is above a predetermined value.