Abstract: Power supply stand output to the portable device is adjusted according to the power adjustment signals. Maximum power supply stand output is limited to a power output threshold value. The portable device compares the power received from the power supply stand to the required power. When the received power is lower than the required power, the portable device sends a power adjustment signal to the power supply stand, which is an increase-power-request signal. When the received power is greater than the required power, the portable device sends a decrease-power-request signal to the power supply stand. The power supply stand adjusts output and limits it to the power output threshold value. When continuous output of increase-power-request signals from the portable device is detected over a preset time period, a foreign object is determined to be on the power supply stand.

Abstract: In a non-contact charging method, a battery-equipped device is set on a charging stand, and a power reception coil of the battery-equipped device is electromagnetically coupled to a power transmission coil of the charging stand, and power is transmitted from the power transmission coil to the power reception coil by an electromagnetic induction action, and a battery of the battery-equipped device is charged by power induced to the power reception coil. Furthermore, in the non-contact charging method, charging current of the battery is detected at the battery-equipped device side, the detected charging current is compared with a current change determination threshold, and it is determined that a foreign object is set on the charging stand when the charging current is less than the current change determination threshold, and it is determined that the foreign object is not set in the charging stand when the charging current is greater than the current change determination threshold.

Abstract: In a non-contact charging method, a battery-equipped device is set on a charging stand, and a power reception coil of the battery-equipped device is electromagnetically coupled to a power transmission coil of the charging stand, and power is transmitted from the power transmission coil to the power reception coil by an electromagnetic induction action, and a battery of the battery-equipped device is charged by power induced to the power reception coil. Furthermore, in the non-contact charging method, charging current of the battery is detected at the battery-equipped device side, the detected charging current is compared with a current change determination threshold, and it is determined that a foreign object is set on the charging stand when the charging current is less than the current change determination threshold, and it is determined that the foreign object is not set in the charging stand when the charging current is greater than the current change determination threshold.

Abstract: Power supply stand output to the portable device is adjusted according to the power adjustment signals. Maximum power supply stand output is limited to a power output threshold value. The portable device compares the power received from the power supply stand to the required power. When the received power is lower than the required power, the portable device sends a power adjustment signal to the power supply stand, which is an increase-power-request signal. When the received power is greater than the required power, the portable device sends a decrease-power-request signal to the power supply stand. The power supply stand adjusts output and limits it to the power output threshold value. When continuous output of increase-power-request signals from the portable device is detected over a preset time period, a foreign object is determined to be on the power supply stand.

Abstract: A self-written branched optical waveguide is formed. A laser beam 2 from a laser source (not shown) is focused with a lens 3 onto the face of incidence 10 of an optical fiber 1. The laser beam of an LP11 mode was emitted from the face of emergence 11, and “bimodal” light intensity peaks were arranged in the horizontal direction (1.A). A slide glass 4 coated with a photocurable resin gel 5 was placed horizontally (1.B). A single linear cured material 61 was formed as the LP11-mode laser beam was emitted from the face of emergence 11 of the optical fiber 1 (1.C). A branch portion 62 was then formed at a distance L from the face of emergence 11 of the optical fiber 1, which was followed by the growth of two cylindrical cured materials 63a and 63b. The two cylindrical cured materials 63a and 63b were linear branches, and formed an angle of about four degrees. An optical waveguide 60 thus formed was composed of cured materials 61, 62, 63a, and 63b (1.D).

Abstract: [Object] A self-written branched optical waveguide is formed. [Solving Means] A laser beam 2 from a laser source (not shown) is focused with a lens 3 onto the face of incidence 10 of an optical fiber 1. The laser beam of an LP11 mode was emitted from the face of emergence 11, and “bimodal” light intensity peaks were arranged in the horizontal direction (1.A). A slide glass 4 coated with a photocurable resin gel 5 was placed horizontally (1.B). A single linear cured material 61 was formed as the LP11-mode laser beam was emitted from the face of emergence 11 of the optical fiber 1 (1.C). A branch portion 62 was then formed at a distance L from the face of emergence 11 of the optical fiber 1, which was followed by the growth of two cylindrical cured materials 63a and 63b. The two cylindrical cured materials 63a and 63b were linear branches, and formed an angle of about four degrees. An optical waveguide 60 thus formed was composed of cured materials 61, 62, 63a, and 63b (1.D).