Abstract: An electric vehicle comprises a first power source and a second power source. The first power source can be used to supply a substantially constant base power level and the second power source can be used to supply a variable power level such that a variable load demand can be filled by combining the base power level and the variable power level. The first source can be used to supply power to the second source when the second source is operating at a decreased charge or power level. The base power level can be varied based upon the remaining charge or power level contained within the second source. A number of control methods for operating the power supply of the electric vehicle are disclosed.

Abstract: A fuel cell system for powering a vehicle effectively utilizes heat generated by various components of the system. A fuel cell produces electrical power by combining hydrogen and oxygen to form a water by-product. The electrical power is used to charge a battery, which in turn, is used to power an electric motor controlled by a motor driver. The battery, the motor, and the motor driver generate heat, which is captured by water brought in thermal contact with these heat-generating components. The heat-generating components can be immersed in water tanks or surrounded by water jackets to effect the heat transfer to the water. The battery is used to power the motor and generate heat before the fuel cell begins operating. Water heated by the battery, motor, and/or motor driver is provided to the fuel cell in order to bring the fuel cell up to operating temperature.

Abstract: A number of embodiments of vehicles such as scooters that are powered a compact, high performance, four-cycle crankcase compression supercharged internal combustion engine. The engine is provided with two throttle valves, one on the intake side and one on the compressor side, that are operated simultaneously and in the same direction under at least some conditions so as to improve throttle response. In addition, an arrangement is provided for limiting the maximum pressure in the compressor side under low throttle and low load conditions. This improves performance and ensures against seal degradation in the lubricating system.

Abstract: Two embodiments of multiple-valve engines wherein both the spark plug and fuel injector are mounted in the cylinder head in side-by-side relationship with their axes lying in a common plane. The spark plug and fuel injector axes extend into the combustion chamber recess in an area that is circumscribed by a circle passing through the centers of the valve seats.

Abstract: A water vehicle having a hull defining an engine compartment and propelled by a water propulsion device powered by a multi-cylinder engine of a crankcase compression type positioned within the engine compartment is disclosed. The engine has a very compact "V" type arrangement. The intake system for admitting the charge to the crankcase chambers and the exhaust manifold is located in the valley between the cylinder banks. The compressor delivery to the cylinder head intake ports is on the outside of the engine. Crankshafts corresponding to each bank are maintained in synchronous rotation, with one of the crankshafts arranged to drive the water propulsion device of the water vehicle.

Abstract: A multi-cylinder engine of a crankcase compression type shown for use in an outboard motor. The engine has a very compact V type arrangement. The intake system for admitting the charge to the crankcase chambers and the exhaust manifold is located in the valley between the cylinder banks. The compressor delivery to the cylinder head intake ports is on the outside of the engine.

Abstract: A direct fuel-injected, multivalve, twin overhead cam shaft internal combustion engine. The fuel injector is mounted in the cylinder bore on either the intake or the exhaust side and sprays generally transversely across the diameter of the cylinder bore so as to provide stratification under at least low-speed and low-load conditions. The injector is disposed so that it is positioned below the top of the head of the piston at its top dead center position and a recess is formed in the piston head so as to clear the fuel spray and permit injection even when the piston approaches top dead center without obstruction from the piston. This recess also clears one of the valves.