Abstract: Embodiments herein illustrate patterned servo data that allows the patterned disk to be planarized with a relatively simple planarization process. A magnetic disk, in this regard, includes a data region having a plurality of tracks. The magnetic disk also includes a plurality of servo bursts patterned in the magnetic disk at a plurality of locations in each track. The servo bursts are operable to direct a controller to center a write head over a track in the data region and write a track identification. The servo bursts include magnetic lands and nonmagnetic grooves. The magnetic lands of the servo burst are generally configured with a uniform polarity of magnetization and a first uniform width. The nonmagnetic grooves are configured with a second uniform width.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein provide for robust servo patterns that comply with planarization constraints and also allow use of a single master template for manufacture of both the front and back of a magnetic disk. Planarization constraints are met because only a portion of servo data is hard patterned on the magnetic disk and the hard patterned servo data areas comply with planarization constraints. The servo pattern has two symmetrical servo write assist patterns, one on each side of a central burst pattern. The servo sync, SAM, track-ID, sector-ID, and/or RRO values can be written magnetically by the write head onto these servo write assist patterns after the completion of the planarization process. The symmetric design of the servo pattern allows both a left-to-right and a right-to-left servo write and read back, thereby enabling use of a single master template in magnetic disk manufacture.

Abstract: A switch unit includes an operating component, and a base portion that supports the operating component capable of being pressed in criss-cross directions. The base portion is provided with a plurality of T-shaped regulating components that are formed in positions in directions sandwiched between the criss-cross directions. Each of the regulating components is provided with a leg portion that extends from the base portion towards the operating component, and an abutting portion that extends from an end portion of the leg portion along a line that connects together predetermined positions of the criss-cross directions that are located on both sides of each regulating component.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein provide for patterned media concentric zones with an alternating series of concentric servo zones and overlap zones. The overlap zones facilitate the writing of servo data between servo zones of different servo frequency. The overlap zones may be dual frequency zones. The dual frequency zones have a first set of overlap patterns with the substantially identical pattern as the bordering lower frequency servo zone and a second set of overlap patterns with the substantially identical pattern as the bordering higher frequency servo zone. A bootstrap zone can be included near the inner diameter to assist initial servo writing. Alternatively the overlap zones are bootstrap zones. Such bootstrap zones have both bootstrap patterns and overlap patterns, the overlap patterns have the substantially identical pattern as a bordering servo zone. Bootstrap patterns only require DC magnetization for servo operability.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein provide for robust servo patterns that comply with planarization constraints and also allow use of a single master template for manufacture of both the front and back of a magnetic disk. Planarization constraints are met because only a portion of servo data is hard patterned on the magnetic disk and the hard patterned servo data areas comply with planarization constraints. The servo pattern has two symmetrical servo write assist patterns, one on each side of a central burst pattern. The servo sync, SAM, track-ID, sector-ID, and/or RRO values can be written magnetically by the write head onto these servo write assist patterns after the completion of the planarization process. The symmetric design of the servo pattern allows both a left-to-right and a right-to-left servo write and read back, thereby enabling use of a single master template in magnetic disk manufacture.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein provide for patterned media concentric zones with an alternating series of concentric servo zones and overlap zones. The overlap zones facilitate the writing of servo data between servo zones of different servo frequency. The overlap zones may be dual frequency zones. The dual frequency zones have a first set of overlap patterns with the substantially identical pattern as the bordering lower frequency servo zone and a second set of overlap patterns with the substantially identical pattern as the bordering higher frequency servo zone. A bootstrap zone can be included near the inner diameter to assist initial servo writing. Alternatively the overlap zones are bootstrap zones. Such bootstrap zones have both bootstrap patterns and overlap patterns, the overlap patterns have the substantially identical pattern as a bordering servo zone. Bootstrap patterns only require DC magnetization for servo operability.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein provide for patterned media concentric zones with an alternating series of concentric servo zones and overlap zones. The overlap zones facilitate the writing of servo data between servo zones of different servo frequency. The overlap zones may be dual frequency zones. The dual frequency zones have a first set of overlap patterns with the substantially identical pattern as the bordering lower frequency servo zone and a second set of overlap patterns with the substantially identical pattern as the bordering higher frequency servo zone. A bootstrap zone can be included near the inner diameter to assist initial servo writing. Alternatively the overlap zones are bootstrap zones. Such bootstrap zones have both bootstrap patterns and overlap patterns, the overlap patterns have the substantially identical pattern as a bordering servo zone. Bootstrap patterns only require DC magnetization for servo operability.

Abstract: Embodiments described herein provide for patterned media concentric zones with an alternating series of concentric servo zones and overlap zones. The overlap zones facilitate the writing of servo data between servo zones of different servo frequency. The overlap zones may be dual frequency zones. The dual frequency zones have a first set of overlap patterns with the substantially identical pattern as the bordering lower frequency servo zone and a second set of overlap patterns with the substantially identical pattern as the bordering higher frequency servo zone. A bootstrap zone can be included near the inner diameter to assist initial servo writing. Alternatively the overlap zones are bootstrap zones. Such bootstrap zones have both bootstrap patterns and overlap patterns, the overlap patterns have the substantially identical pattern as a bordering servo zone. Bootstrap patterns only require DC magnetization for servo operability.

Abstract: An operation lever comprises a main section, a cover section and a photoconductor. While the photoconductor is overlaid on the main section, sliding protrusions of the cover section are inserted into guide grooves formed in the periphery of the main section, the cover section is slidingly pushed to insert a tip end section of the cover section inside an overhanging fringe of the main section. An engaging protrusion and an engaging pawl of the cover section are engaged with the main section to assemble the operation lever.

Abstract: Embodiments herein illustrate patterned servo data that allows the patterned disk to be planarized with a relatively simple planarization process. A magnetic disk, in this regard, includes a data region having a plurality of tracks. The magnetic disk also includes a plurality of servo bursts patterned in the magnetic disk at a plurality of locations in each track. The servo bursts are operable to direct a controller to center a write head over a track in the data region and write a track identification. The servo bursts include magnetic lands and nonmagnetic grooves. The magnetic lands of the servo burst are generally configured with a uniform polarity of magnetization and a first uniform width. The nonmagnetic grooves are configured with a second uniform width.

Abstract: An operation lever comprises a main section, a cover section and a photoconductor. While the photoconductor is overlaid on the main section, sliding protrusions of the cover section are inserted into guide grooves formed in the periphery of the main section, the cover section is slidingly pushed to insert a tip end section of the cover section inside an overhanging fringe of the main section. An engaging protrusion and an engaging pawl of the cover section are engaged with the main section to assemble the operation lever.

Abstract: In a probe polishing method, a plurality of probes, which are arranged on a probe card for performing an inspection of electrical characteristics of a target object, are polished by using a polishing member. Further, the probes are polished over plural times, while changing a relative position of the abrasive sheet with respect to the probe card.

Abstract: A computer converts elements of a mail message, neither requiring prior manual registration of conversion process details, nor increasing complexity of the system. When a mail message arrives at this computer, an analysis record registration unit produces an analysis record that gives its sender's identifier and a source mailer type and stores it in an analysis record database. Based on the identifiers found in such analysis records, destination mailer type of each received mail message is determined. A conversion database stores conversion data specifying a conversion process corresponding to each specific combination of sender and recipient mailer types. A search unit retrieves conversion data that matches with the combination of source and destination mailer types of the received message. If a match is found for that combination, a converter converts the mail message according to a conversion process specified by the retrieved conversion data.

Abstract: In a probe polishing method, a plurality of probes, which are arranged on a probe card for performing an inspection of electrical characteristics of a target object, are polished by using a polishing member. Further, the probes are polished over plural times, while changing a relative position of the abrasive sheet with respect to the probe card.

Abstract: A method for detecting tip positions of probes which is performed prior to the wafer test includes a first step of attaching the transparent film F on the test substrate W having the electrodes P arranged same as those of the wafer; a second step of detecting the electrodes P of the test substrate W by using the first CCD camera 13A; a third step of detecting a surface height of the transparent film F; a fourth step of position-aligning the electrodes P of the test substrate W with the probes 12A. The method further includes a fifth step of forming the probe marks M on the transparent film F by making the probes 12A contact with the transparent film F; and a sixth step of detecting tip positions of the probes 12A based on the electrodes P of the test substrate W and the probe marks M.

Abstract: A hauling unit hauls a subject to bend or rotate the subject. A control unit outputs a control signal that corresponds to a target value that is input by an operating unit. The control unit controls a variation amount of the control signal output in a predetermined range including a position of the hauling unit in a state before the hauling unit hauls to be greater than a variation amount of the control signal output outside the predetermined range. A driving unit drives the hauling unit based on the control signal.

Abstract: A method for detecting tip positions of probes which is performed prior to the wafer test includes a first step of attaching the transparent film F on the test substrate W having the electrodes P arranged same as those of the wafer; a second step of detecting the electrodes P of the test substrate W by using the first CCD camera 13A; a third step of detecting a surface height of the transparent film F; a fourth step of position-aligning the electrodes P of the test substrate W with the probes 12A. The method further includes a fifth step of forming the probe marks M on the transparent film F by making the probes 12A contact with the transparent film F; and a sixth step of detecting tip positions of the probes 12A based on the electrodes P of the test substrate W and the probe marks M.

Abstract: In a probe polishing method, a plurality of probes, which are arranged on a probe card for performing an inspection of electrical characteristics of a target object, are polished by using a polishing member. Further, the probes are polished over plural times, while changing a relative position of the abrasive sheet with respect to the probe card.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a magnetic disk apparatus comprises a magnetic disk for recording information; a magnetic head that reads information from, or writes information to, the magnetic disk; an actuator device that drives the magnetic head; and a control system that controls the driving of the actuator device. The actuator device is configured by a dual stage actuator comprising a fine actuator that drives the head and a coarse actuator that drives the magnetic head together with the fine actuator. The control system includes a fine controller that generates an operational value for driving the fine actuator and a coarse controller that generates an operational amount for driving the coarse actuator. The control system includes a mechanism for smoothly changing the operational amount generated by the fine controller immediately before saturation resulting from an applied voltage limit of the fine actuator or at the time the fine actuator returns to a control range from the saturation.

Abstract: A magnetic disk apparatus includes a magnetic disk, a magnetic head slider, a controller for controlling a position of the magnetic head slider, and an load/unload mechanism for loading or unloading the slider to the disk. The disk includes a track and has at least a load zone of a predetermined length in a peripheral direction thereof for performing loading of the magnetic head slider on a surface of the disk utilizing the load/unload mechanism, a specific pattern recorded in front of the load zone in the peripheral direction thereof, and a data zone provided in front of the specific pattern in the peripheral direction thereof. The controller reads out the specific pattern recorded on the disk utilizing the slider, and controls the position of the slider so as to move the slider while avoiding the load zone.