Abstract: A method for producing a polycarbonate, including reacting a dihydroxy component with a fluorine-containing carbonate component in a presence of a condensation catalyst to obtain a prepolymer, and heating the prepolymer at a temperature lower than a melting temperature of the prepolymer and subjecting the prepolymer to a solid state polymerization while discharging a by-produced fluorine-containing alcohol outside a system,

Abstract: A nozzle includes a pattern shim having a plurality of first slits and a plurality of second slits, an adhesive shim having a plurality of first holes, a gas shim, a head body having an adhesive outlet and an adhesive distribution groove communicating with the adhesive outlet, and a face plate. Adhesive ejection ports are formed at openings of the plurality of first slits, and gas discharge ports are formed at openings of a plurality of second slits in such a manner that the gas discharge ports are located on both sides of each of the adhesive ejection ports. The plurality of first holes communicate with the adhesive distribution groove. The plurality of first holes are formed in such a manner that distances of the first holes from the corresponding discharge ejection ports become shorter as distances of the corresponding first holes from the adhesive outlet become longer.

Abstract: A method of making a cold-rolled steel plate has a chemical composition containing, on the basis of percent by mass, C from 0.03 to 0.12%, Si from 0 to 1.0%, Mn from 0.2 to 0.8%, P at 0.03% or less, S at 0.03% or less, and Al at 0.05% or less. The chemical composition further contains any one of Nb from 0.03 to 0.4% and V from 0.03 to 0.3%. These elements satisfy 5*C %?Si %+Mn %?1.5*Al %<1 within the aforementioned range of the corresponding content. A residue is formed of Fe and unavoidable impurities. An average diameter of particles of carbides containing any one of Nb, V and Ti as precipitates is from 20 to 100 nm. In this way, the chemical composition is regulated and the precipitates are dispersed finely and uniformly, thereby enhancing heat spot resistance and antiwear performance.

Abstract: Manufacturing a cold-rolled steel plate, having a steel slab having the chemical composition containing, on the basis of percent by mass, C from 0.03 to 0.08%, Si from 0 to 1.0%, Mn from 0.2 to 0.8%, P at 0.03% or less, S at 0.01% or less, and Al at 0.05% or less so as to satisfy the following: formula (1) and at least one of Nb from 0.03 to 0.4%, V from 0.01 to 0.3%, and Ti from 0.01 to 0.3% so as to satisfy the following formula (2), with a residue being formed of Fe and unavoidable impurities. The steel slab is heated to 1200° C. or more and hot rolled to form a hot-rolled steel plate, which is wound from 550 to 700° C. to form a hot-rolled coil, and the hot-rolled coil is cold rolled or annealed and cold rolled, obtaining cross-sectional hardness from 200 to 350 HV.

Abstract: A cold-rolled steel plate having favorable heat spot resistance and favorable antiwear performance is provided. The cold-rolled steel plate has a chemical composition containing C from 0.03 to 0.12%, Si from 0 to 1.0% (including a case where Si is not added), Mn from 0.2 to 0.8%, P at 0.03% or less (excluding a case where P is not added), S at 0.03% or less (excluding a case where S is not added), Ti from 0.04 to 0.3%, and Al at 0.05% or less (excluding a case where Al is not added). A residue is formed of Fe and unavoidable impurities. Each element satisfies a relationship of 5*C %?Si %+Mn %?1.5*Al %<1 within the aforementioned range of the corresponding content. An average diameter of particles of a Ti-based carbide is from 20 to 100 nm. In this way, the Ti-based carbide is dispersed finely and uniformly, thereby enhancing heat spot resistance and antiwear performance.

Abstract: A separator plate for use as a clutch plate for a multiplate wet clutch is formed of a steel plate. The steel plate has a chemical composition containing, on a basis of percent by mass, C from 0.03 to 0.08%, Si from 0 to 1.0%, Mn from 0.2 to 0.8%, P at 0.03% or less, S at 0.01% or less, and Al at 0.05% or less, so as to satisfy a formula, 5*C %?Si %+Mn %?1.5*Al %<1. In addition, the steel plate has the chemical component containing at least one of Nb from 0.03 to 0.4%, V from 0.01 to 0.3%, and Ti from 0.01 to 0.3%, so as to satisfy a formula, 0.04<(Nb %/1.4)+(V %/1.1)+Ti %<0.3. Then, an average diameter of particles of a carbide as a precipitate is controlled to be from 20 to 100 nm. The plate is formed by heating, hot rolling, winding and forming.

Abstract: A clutch plate for a multiplate wet clutch having favorable fatigue strength is provided. A separator plate (1) for use as a clutch plate for a multiplate wet clutch is formed of a steel plate. The steel plate has a chemical composition containing, on a basis of percent by mass, C from 0.03 to 0.08%, Si from 0 to 1.0%, Mn from 0.2 to 0.8%, P at 0.03% or less, S at 0.01% or less, and Al at 0.05% or less, so as to satisfy a formula, 5*C %?Si %+Mn %?1.5*Al %<1. In addition, the steel plate has the chemical component containing at least one of Nb from 0.03 to 0.4%, V from 0.01 to 0.3%, and Ti from 0.01 to 0.3%, so as to satisfy a formula, 0.04<(Nb %/1.4)+(V %/1.1)+Ti %<0.3. Then, an average diameter of particles of a carbide as a precipitate is controlled to be from 20 to 100 nm.

Abstract: A cold-rolled steel plate having favorable heat spot resistance, favorable antiwear performance, and favorable punching performance is provided. The cold-rolled steel plate has a chemical composition containing, on the basis of percent by mass, C from 0.03 to 0.08%, Si from 0 to 1.0%, Mn from 0.2 to 0.8%, P at 0.03% or less, S at 0.01% or less, and Al at 0.05% or less so as to satisfy the following relationship: 5*C %?Si %+Mn %?1.5*Al %<1. The chemical composition further contains, on the basis of percent by mass, at least one of Nb from 0.03 to 0.4%, V from 0.01 to 0.3%, and Ti from 0.01 to 0.3% so as to satisfy the following relationship: 0.04<(Nb %/1.4)+(V %/1.1)+Ti %<0.3. An average diameter of particles of a carbide as a precipitate is from 20 to 100 nm. A second phase structure having a longitudinal diameter of 5 ?m or more has an area fraction of 5% or less in a cross-sectional structure.

Abstract: Manufacturing a cold-rolled steel plate by smelting a steel slab having the chemical composition containing on the basis of percent by mass, C from 0.03 to 0.12%, Si from 0 to 1.0%, Mn from 0.2 to 0.8%, P at 0.03% or less, S at 0.03% or less, Ti from 0.04 to 0.3%, and Al at 0.05% or less, with a residue being formed of Fe and unavoidable impurities, the chemical composition satisfying 5*C %?Si %+Mn %?1.5 *Al %<1, and an average diameter of particles of a Ti-based carbide as a precipitate is from 20 to 100 nm; heating the slab to 1200° C. or more and hot rolling, forming a hot-rolled steel plate; winding the hot-rolled steel plate from 500 to 700° C. to form a hot-rolled coil; and cold rolling or annealing and cold rolling the coil obtaining cross-sectional hardness from 200 to 400 HV.

Abstract: A cold-rolled steel plate having favorable heat spot resistance and favorable antiwear performance is provided. The cold-rolled steel plate has a chemical composition containing, on the basis of percent by mass, C from 0.03 to 0.12%, Si from 0 to 1.0%, Mn from 0.2 to 0.8%, P at 0.03% or less, S at 0.03% or less, and Al at 0.05% or less. The chemical composition further contains any one of Nb from 0.03 to 0.4% and V from 0.03 to 0.3%. These elements satisfy 5*C %?Si %+Mn %?1.5*Al %<1 within the aforementioned range of the corresponding content. A residue is formed of Fe and unavoidable impurities. An average diameter of particles of carbides containing any one of Nb, V and Ti as precipitates is from 20 to 100 nm. In this way, the chemical composition is regulated and the precipitates are dispersed finely and uniformly, thereby enhancing heat spot resistance and antiwear performance.

Abstract: Manufacturing a cold-rolled steel plate by smelting a steel slab having the chemical composition containing on the basis of percent by mass, C from 0.03 to 0.12%, Si from 0 to 1.0%, Mn from 0.2 to 0.8%, P at 0.03% or less, S at 0.03% or less, Ti from 0.04 to 0.3%, and Al at 0.05% or less, with a residue being formed of Fe and unavoidable impurities, the chemical composition satisfying 5*C%-Si %+Mn %?1.5 *Al %<1, and an average diameter of particles of a Ti-based carbide as a precipitate is from 20 to 100 nm; heating the slab to 1200° C. or more and hot rolling, forming a hot-rolled steel plate; winding the hot-rolled steel plate from 500 to 700° C. to form a hot-rolled coil; and cold rolling or annealing and cold rolling the coil obtaining cross-sectional hardness from 200 to 400 HV.

Abstract: A separator plate for use as a clutch plate for a multiplate wet clutch is formed of a steel plate. The steel plate has a chemical composition containing, on a basis of percent by mass, C from 0.03 to 0.08%, Si from 0 to 1.0%, Mn from 0.2 to 0.8%, P at 0.03% or less, S at 0.01% or less, and Al at 0.05% or less, so as to satisfy a formula, 5*C %?Si %+Mn %?1.5*Al %<1. In addition, the steel plate has the chemical component containing at least one of Nb from 0.03 to 0.4%, V from 0.01 to 0.3%, and Ti from 0.01 to 0.3%, so as to satisfy a formula, 0.04<(Nb %/1.4)+(V %/1.1)+Ti %<0.3. Then, an average diameter of particles of a carbide as a precipitate is controlled to be from 20 to 100 nm. The plate is formed by heating, hot rolling, winding and forming.

Abstract: A method of making a cold-rolled steel plate has a chemical composition containing, on the basis of percent by mass, C from 0.03 to 0.12%, Si from 0 to 1.0%, Mn from 0.2 to 0.8%, P at 0.03% or less, S at 0.03% or less, and Al at 0.05% or less. The chemical composition further contains any one of Nb from 0.03 to 0.4% and V from 0.03 to 0.3%. These elements satisfy 5 *C %?Si %+Mn %?1.5*Al %<1 within the aforementioned range of the corresponding content. A residue is formed of Fe and unavoidable impurities. An average diameter of particles of carbides containing any one of Nb, V and Ti as precipitates is from 20 to 100 nm. In this way, the chemical composition is regulated and the precipitates are dispersed finely and uniformly, thereby enhancing heat spot resistance and antiwear performance.

Abstract: Manufacturing a cold-rolled steel plate, having a steel slab having the chemical composition containing, on the basis of percent by mass, C from 0.03 to 0.08%, Si from 0 to 1.0%, Mn from 0.2 to 0.8%, P at 0.03% or less, S at 0.01% or less, and Al at 0.05% or less so as to satisfy the following: formula (1) and at least one of Nb from 0.03 to 0.4%, V from 0.01 to 0.3%, and Ti from 0.01 to 0.3% so as to satisfy the following formula (2), with a residue being formed of Fe and unavoidable impurities. The steel slab is heated to 1200° C. or more and hot rolled to form a hot-rolled steel plate, which is wound from 550 to 700° C. to form a hot-rolled coil, and the hot-rolled coil is cold rolled or annealed and cold rolled, obtaining cross-sectional hardness from 200 to 350 HV.

Abstract: A welding position detecting apparatus for laser beam welding includes: an imaging device that captures, at a predetermined time interval, images of an irradiated portion of a welding material irradiated with a welding laser beam, and a surrounding area thereof, of a welding material; an image processing device that identifies a position of the irradiated portion irradiated with the welding laser beam by performing image processing calculating, from two or more images acquired by the imaging device, a direction and an amount of parallel movement of points in the images; and a display device that displays the position of the irradiated portion irradiated with the welding laser beam, the position being identified by the image processing device.

Abstract: A pouch container as one example of an embodiment is equipped with wall-surface sheets and a grip part, said wall-surface sheets constituting at least a first surface and a second surface that face each other. The grip part comprises an interior sheet that is joined to the inner surface of the first surface and/or the second surface and openings that are formed on the wall-surface sheet to which the interior sheet is joined at positions where the wall-surface sheet overlaps with the interior sheet.

Abstract: A terminal connection portion has a plate shape extending in an axial direction and has a constant width dimension. A terminal front end edge thereof has a convex shape at a front end side in the axial direction and has a circular-arc shape with a radius from 0.5 times to 0.8 times the width dimension, and is arranged in the center between a first pad side edge and a second pad side edge, on an electrode pad. A brazing material portion has a form spreading to a front end side in the axial direction away from the terminal connection portion. A brazing material front end edge which is a front end edge of the brazing material portion has a convex and circular-arc shape at the front end side in the axial direction, and is configured to be apart from a pad front end edge.

Abstract: A cold-rolled steel plate having favorable heat spot resistance and favorable antiwear performance is provided. The cold-rolled steel plate has a chemical composition containing, on the basis of percent by mass, C from 0.03 to 0.12%, Si from 0 to 1.0/%, Mn from 0.2 to 0.8%, P at 0.03% or less, S at 0.03% or less, and Al at 0.05% or less. The chemical composition further contains any one of Nb from 0.03 to 0.4% and V from 0.03 to 0.3%. These elements satisfy 5*C %?Si %+Mn %?1.5*Al %<1 within the aforementioned range of the corresponding content. A residue is formed of Fe and unavoidable impurities. An average diameter of particles of carbides containing any one of Nb, V and Ti as precipitates is from 20 to 100 nm. In this way, the chemical composition is regulated and the precipitates are dispersed finely and uniformly, thereby enhancing heat spot resistance and antiwear performance.

Abstract: A clutch plate for a multiplate wet clutch having favorable fatigue strength is provided. A separator plate (1) for use as a clutch plate for a multiplate wet clutch is formed of a steel plate. The steel plate has a chemical composition containing, on a basis of percent by mass, C from 0.03 to 0.08%, Si from 0 to 1.0%, Mn from 0.2 to 0.8%, P at 0.03% or less, S at 0.01% or less, and Al at 0.05% or less, so as to satisfy a formula, 5*C %?Si %+Mn %?1.5*Al %<1. In addition, the steel plate has the chemical component containing at least one of Nb from 0.03 to 0.4%, V from 0.01 to 0.3%, and Ti from 0.01 to 0.3%, so as to satisfy a formula, 0.04<(Nb %/1.4)+(V %/1.1)+Ti %<0.3. Then, an average diameter of particles of a carbide as a precipitate is controlled to be from 20 to 100 nm.

Abstract: A cold-rolled steel plate having favorable heat spot resistance, favorable antiwear performance, and favorable punching performance is provided. The cold-rolled steel plate has a chemical composition containing, on the basis of percent by mass, C from 0.03 to 0.08%, Si from 0 to 1.0%, Mn from 0.2 to 0.8%, P at 0.03% or less, S at 0.01% or less, and Al at 0.05% or less so as to satisfy the following relationship: 5*C %?Si %+Mn %?1.5*Ai %<1. The chemical composition further contains, on the basis of percent by mass, at least one of Nb from 0.03 to 0.4%, V from 0.01 to 0.3%, and Ti from 0.01 to 0.3% so as to satisfy the following relationship: 0.04<(Nb %/1.4)+(V %/1.1)+Ti %<0.3. An average diameter of particles of a carbide as a precipitate is from 20 to 100 nm. A second phase structure having a longitudinal diameter of 5 ?m or more has an area fraction of 5% or less in a cross-sectional structure.