Abstract: A multi-mode interferometric optical waveguide device includes: a multi-mode interferometric optical waveguide which includes a first reflective surface; a first single-mode waveguide connected to the multi-mode interferometric optical waveguide; and a second single-mode waveguide connected to the multi-mode interferometric optical waveguide and oppose the first reflective surface. Consequently, the multi-mode interferometric optical waveguide device can propagate light from the first single-mode waveguide to the second single-mode waveguide, with further reduced optical losses.

Abstract: Provided is a three-dimensional object display control system that enables a three-dimensional object displayed on a screen to be freely rotated by means of instinctive operation. A computer system (10) includes, e.g., a computer (12), a display (14), and a rotation information input device (20). The rotation information input device (20) includes a sphere (22), a tripod (24) that rotatably supports the sphere (22), and a camera (26) that takes an image of the sphere (22). The computer (12) selects two feature points from the image of the sphere (22) taken by the camera (26), and sets two-dimensional coordinates in the image of the feature points. While tracking the feature points, the computer (12) samples the two-dimensional coordinates and transforms them into three-dimensional coordinates on a surface of the sphere (22).

Abstract: Provided is a three-dimensional object display control system that enables a three-dimensional object displayed on a screen to be freely rotated by means of instinctive operation. A computer system (10) includes, e.g., a computer (12), a display (14), and a rotation information input device (20). The rotation information input device (20) includes a sphere (22), a tripod (24) that rotatably supports the sphere (22), and a camera (26) that takes an image of the sphere (22). The computer (12) selects two feature points from the image of the sphere (22) taken by the camera (26), and sets two-dimensional coordinates in the image of the feature points. While tracking the feature points, the computer (12) samples the two-dimensional coordinates and transforms them into three-dimensional coordinates on a surface of the sphere (22).

Abstract: A signaling safety system includes transmitter-receiver units for ground-train communication by radio in regular safety operation mode, using a base station and an antenna. The position of each train car is communicated from the cars to a ground train controller which detects the presence of a train on-rail. Based on the latter information, information is transmitted from the controller to each of the cars regarding corresponding speed limits. In addition to such radio transmitter-receivers, the signaling safety system also includes additional communication devices, such that, when each of the cars approaches a specific range, car information from each of the cars can be received by the controller, by communication between ground communication devices and an on-train communication device which are installed so as to communicate with each other. Concurrently with the regular safety operation, by the alternative safety system, the presence on-rail of each of the cars is controlled for each new block section.

Abstract: Even if any failure occurs in radio in the regular safety, confirmation of train existence on-rail and safety control can be continued by a backup system in the substitutive safety. To a signaling safety system that by ground-train communication by radio in the regular safety using a base station 102 and an antenna 107, the position of each of cars 100 is notified to a ground train controller 101 as information of existence on-rail from the cars 100 and on the basis of the information of existence on-rail, information of speed restriction is transmitted from the controller 101 to each of the cars 100, a substitutive safety system that when each of the cars 100 approaches its specific range, by communication between ground communication devices 103 and 104 and an on-train communication device which are installed so as to communicate with each other, car information from each of the cars 100 can be received by the controller is newly added.

Abstract: An information processing system includes a loop-shaped signal transmission line for transmitting data to be stored, a plurality of transmission control processors disposed around the transmission line, and information processing units for inputting and outputting data to and from the signal transmission line through the corresponding transmission control processors. Each of the transmission control processors is adapted to variably control the signal amplitude of data flowing around the signal transmission line in accordance with the utilization of the data in the corresponding information processing unit.

Abstract: An information processing system includes a loop-shaped signal transmission line for transmitting data to be stored, a plurality of transmission control processors disposed around the transmission line, and information processing units for inputting and outputting data to and from the signal transmission line through the corresponding transmission control processors. Each of the transmission control processors is adapted to variably control the signal amplitude of data flowing around the signal transmission line in accordance with the utilization of the data in the corresponding information processing unit.