Abstract: Provided is a method for improving efficiency of heat transmission that enables improving the efficiency of heat transmission by steam in a steam system at a pH of less than 7. A method for improving the efficiency of heat transmission by steam, wherein, in a step of introducing steam into a heat exchanger to heat an object to be heated or a step of contacting the steam with a cooling body to liquefy the steam, a sarcosine compound is allowed to be present in the steam system at a pH of less than 7. As the sarcosine compound, a long-chain sarcosine compound represented by the following formula (I) is preferable. R1C(?O)—N(CH3)—(CH2)n—COOR2 . . . (I) In formula (I), R1 is an unsaturated or saturated linear or branched hydrocarbon group having 7 to 24 carbon atoms, n is an integer of 0 to 2, and R2 is a hydrogen atom or a salt-forming group.

Abstract: In order to suppress corrosion of an extractor caused by corrosive ions contained in an aromatic compound extraction solvent of a circulation system, a method for reducing corrosive ions in an aromatic compound extraction solvent is provided, by which the corrosive ions in the aromatic compound extraction solvent are conveniently and efficiently reduced. A method for reducing corrosive ions in an aromatic compound extraction solvent in a circulation system where the aromatic compound extraction solvent circulates, the corrosive ions being at least one kind selected from the group consisting of chloride ions, sulfate ions, and sulfite ions, the method comprising: a step of forming a non-volatile salt by adding a corrosive ion scavenger to react the corrosive ions with the corrosive ion scavenger, and a step of removing the salt resulting from concentrating the solvent comprising the salt.

Abstract: A conductive rubber component (10) of the present invention includes a metal coating (2) formed on at least one surface located perpendicular to a compression direction of a conductive rubber single body (1) by atomic and/or molecular deposition, and can be surface mounted and soldered. In a method for mounting a conductive rubber component (10) of the present invention, the conductive rubber component (10) is surface mounted on a wiring layer (8) on a printed wiring board (9) and is fixed by a solder layer (7) thereto and thereby is incorporated to electrically connect the printed circuit board (9) and an electronic component (11) to each other.

Abstract: A conductive rubber component (10) of the present invention includes a metal coating (2) formed on at least one surface located perpendicular to a compression direction of a conductive rubber single body (1) by atomic and/or molecular deposition, and can be surface mounted and soldered. In a method for mounting a conductive rubber component (10) of the present invention, the conductive rubber component (10) is surface mounted on a wiring layer (8) on a printed wiring board (9) and is fixed by a solder layer (7) thereto and thereby is incorporated to electrically connect the printed circuit board (9) and an electronic component (11) to each other.

Abstract: The quaternary ammonium compound described by general formula 1 below (wherein R1, R2 and R3 are the same or different hydrocarbon radicals with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and n is an integer between 1 and 10) is used as a metal corrosion inhibitor. With this metal corrosion inhibitor, it is possible even with the addition of small quantities to adequately prevent corrosion of metal in a steam generating unit or petroleum refining or petrochemical process unit. Moreover, (?-hydroxyethyl)trimethylammonium hydroxide is used as a hydrogen chloride formation inhibitor for a crude oil atmospheric distillation unit. With this hydrogen chloride formation inhibitor, it is possible to prevent the formation of hydrogen chloride itself in a crude oil atmospheric distillation unit without having any adverse effect on the catalyst.

Abstract: A conductive rubber component includes a laminate in which conductive rubber layers and insulating rubber layers are laminated alternately in parallel, and the conductive rubber layers and the insulating rubber layers are integrated at their boundaries by a cross-linking reaction. A solderable metal coating is integrated with at least one surface of the laminate that is perpendicular to the electrical conduction direction by the deposition of at least one selected from atoms and molecules. This conductive rubber component can have good compression load properties and good compression set properties, achieve a stable electric connection for a long period of time due to the good compression set properties, be soldered to a printed wiring board or the like because of the presence of the integrated metal coating, suppress the occurrence of burrs, reduce costs, and improve the production efficiency.

Abstract: A metal-integral conductive rubber component (10) of the present invention includes a laminate in which conductive rubber layers (1) and insulating rubber layers (2) are laminated alternately in parallel. The conductive rubber layers (1) and the insulating rubber layers (2) are integrated at their boundaries by cross-linking between the conductive rubber layers and the insulating rubber layers. The volume resistivity of the conductive rubber layers (1) is 10?5 ?·cm or more and 10 K ?·cm or less. The volume resistively of the insulating rubber layers (2) is 1 M ?·cm or more and 1016 ?·cm or less. A metal plate is integrated with at least one surface of the laminate that is perpendicular to the electric conduction direction via a conductive adhesive layer (3) made of conductive rubber.

Abstract: A conductive rubber component 10 includes a laminate 9 in which conductive rubber layers 1 and insulating rubber layers 2 are laminated alternately in parallel, the conductive rubber layers 1 and the insulating rubber layers 2 are integrated at their boundaries by a cross-linking reaction, the conductive rubber layers 1 have a thickness of 0.01 mm to 1.0 mm and electrical conductivity such that the volume resistivity is 10?5 ?·cm or more and 10 K ?·cm or less, and the insulating rubber layers have a thickness of 0.01 mm to 1.0 mm and electrical insulation properties such that the volume resistivity is 1 M ?·cm or more and 1016 ?·cm or less. A solderable metal coating 3 is integrated with at least one surface of the laminate 9 that is perpendicular to the electrical conduction direction by the deposition of at least one selected from atoms and molecules.

Abstract: A metal-integral conductive rubber component (10) of the present invention includes a laminate in which conductive rubber layers (1) and insulating rubber layers (2) are laminated alternately in parallel. The conductive rubber layers (1) and the insulating rubber layers (2) are integrated at their boundaries by cross-linking between the conductive rubber layers and the insulating rubber layers. The volume resistivity of the conductive rubber layers (1) is 10?5 ?·cm or more and 10 K ?·cm or less. The volume resistively of the insulating rubber layers (2) is 1 M ?·cm or more and 1016 ?·cm or less. A metal plate is integrated with at least one surface of the laminate that is perpendicular to the electric conduction direction via a conductive adhesive layer (3) made of conductive rubber.

Abstract: A circuit board device comprises a first wiring board (79) having plural first electrode terminals (73, 75, 77) for connection row-arranged on a surface layer, a second wiring board (87) having plural second electrode terminals (81, 83, 85) for connection row-arranged on a surface layer, and an anisotropic conductive member (89) disposed therebetween to the electrode terminals (73, 75, 77, 81, 83, 85). A local portion of each of the wiring boards (79, 87) has a step difference to divide and dispose the electrode terminals (73, 75, 77, 81, 83, 85). A local portion of the anisotropic conductive member (89) corresponding to the step difference has a step shape that is capable of contacting with the step difference. A laminate comprising respective wiring boards (79, 87) and the anisotropic conductive member disposed therebetween is pressed and held in a lamination direction.

Abstract: An elastic connector integrated with electrodes on at least either a chip-type LED or a circuit board facing each other is sandwiched and compressed by the chip-type LED and the circuit board so as to provide an electric connection. The thus obtained integrated connector is thin and cost-effective while able to provide a secure conductivity between the electrodes of the printed circuit board and the chip-type LED in a simple connection method, and a LED including the integrated connector also is provided.

Abstract: The quaternary ammonium compound described by general formula 1 below (wherein R1, R2 and R3 are the same or different hydrocarbon radicals with 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and n is an integer between 1 and 10) is used as a metal corrosion inhibitor. With this metal corrosion inhibitor, it is possible even with the addition of small quantities to adequately prevent corrosion of metal in a steam generating unit or petroleum refining or petrochemical process unit. Moreover, (?-hydroxyethyl)trimethylammonium hydroxide is used as a hydrogen chloride formation inhibitor for a crude oil atmospheric distillation unit. With this hydrogen chloride formation inhibitor, it is possible to prevent the formation of hydrogen chloride itself in a crude oil atmospheric distillation unit without having any adverse effect on the catalyst.

Abstract: Method for manufacturing an elastic connector, integrated with an electrode of at least either a chip-type LED or a printed circuit board on which a LED element is directly mounted and to which the LED is electrically connected. The LED-integrated connector can subsequently be mounted on another circuit board by being sandwiched and compressed between a lower surface of the chip-type LED or lower surface of the LED-mounted printed circuit board and the other circuit board to which the LED-integrated connector is being mounted, so as to provide an electric connection. The method providing a LED-integrated connector which is thin and cost-effective while able to provide a simple and secure conductivity between electrodes of the chip-type LED and other circuit board, to which the LED-integrated connector is subsequently mounted.

Abstract: An elastic connector integrated with an electrode on at least either a chip-type LED or a circuit board facing each other is sandwiched and compressed by the chip-type LED and the circuit board so as to provide an electric connection. The thus obtained integrated connector is thin and cost-effective while able to provide a secure conductivity between the electrode of the printed circuit board and the chip-type LED in a simple connection method, and a LED including the integrated connector also is provided.

Abstract: An anisotropic conductive elastic connector of the present invention includes plural linear conductors arranged in the thickness direction of an insulation elastic resin material. On the side face of the linear conductor, an electric insulation coating having a withstand voltage of 1 V/&mgr;m or more is formed in a thickness of 1 &mgr;m or more. The linear conductors are arranged with a pitch interval of 0.01 mm or less or are adjacent to each other in the direction of the arrangement. Thus, an anisotropic conductive elastic connector, which does not cause a short even if metal fibers are arranged with high density, is provided.

Abstract: An elastic connector integrated with an electrode on at least either a chip-type LED or a circuit board facing each other is sandwiched and compressed by the chip-type LED and the circuit board so as to provide an electric connection. The thus obtained integrated connector is thin and cost-effective while able to provide a secure conductivity between the electrode of the printed circuit board and the chip-type LED in a simple connection method, and a LED including the integrated connector also is provided.

Abstract: An oxygen scavenger, containing a heterocyclic compound having a N-substituted amino group as an effective component, can adequately exhibit the oxygen scavenging effect in not only feed water lines for high temperature water, a boiler, and steam and condensate return lines, but also feed water lines for low temperature water. The oxygen scavenger contains: a heterocyclic compound having a N-substituted amino group or a salt thereof; a hydroxybenzene derivative and/or a naphthoquinone derivative; and neutral amine.

Abstract: An oxygen scavenger, containing a heterocyclic compound having a N-substituted amino group as an effective component, can adequately exhibit the oxygen scavenging effect in not only feed water lines for high temperature water, a boiler, and steam and condensate return lines, but also feed water lines for low temperature water. The oxygen scavenger contains: a heterocyclic compound having a N-substituted amino group or a salt thereof; a hydroxybenzene derivative and/or a naphthoquinone derivative; and neutral amine.

Abstract: A composite hose for heavy-duty purposes is disclosed which is essentially comprised of a flexible main hose of increased diameter and a subhose disposed longitudinally thereover. The subhose has a reinforcing layer oriented at a specified angle to thereby dilate widthwise upon application of pressure, allowing the main hose to readily bend in a predetermined direction.