Abstract: Siloxane compounds are removed from the atmospheres by silica supporting an organic sulfonic acid compound. The silica with the organic sulfonic acid compound has a specific surface area down to 500 m2/g and up to 750 m2/g and a pore volume down to 0.8 m3/g and up to 1.2 m3/g, both measured by nitrogen gas adsorption method and has a pore diameter down to 4 nm and up to 8 nm, at the peak of differential pore volume measured by nitrogen gas adsorption method. The durability of gas sensing element against siloxanes is improved.

Abstract: A gas detector comprises a gas detection unit and a filter introducing surrounding atmosphere to the gas detection unit. The filter comprises a gas-permeable organic polymer membrane having an acidic group or a basic group.

Abstract: A method for converting directory data is executed to selectively reflect any entry of the directory data onto application data. The directory data converting method includes the steps of searching from the directory data the data of the directory entry specified by a filtering rule corresponding to the application data; converting the searched directory entry data according to the schema conversion rule compatible with the filtering rule used for searching the data; and reflecting the schema-converted entry data onto said application data.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a surface-treated copper foil capable of consistently attaining a percent loss of peel strength in resistance against hydrochloric acid degradation of 10% or less as measured on a copper pattern prepared from the copper foil and having a line width of 0.2 mm, by bringing out the maximum effect of the silane coupling agent employed in brass-plated anti-corrosive copper foil. The Another object is to impart excellent moisture resistance to the surface-treated copper foil.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a surface-treated copper foil capable of consistently attaining a percent loss in peel strength against hydrochloric acid degradation of 10% or less as measured on a copper pattern prepared from the copper foil and having a line width of 0.2 mm, by bringing out the maximum effect of the silane coupling agent employed in zinc-plated or zinc-alloy-plated anti-corrosive copper foil. Another object is to impart excellent moisture resistance, heat resistance, and long-term storage stability to the surface-treated copper foil.

Abstract: The invention provides a surface-treated copper foil for producing printed wiring boards whose surface has,,been subjected to nodular treatment and anti-corrosion treatment, wherein the anti-corrosion treatment includes forming a-zinc-copper-tin ternary alloy anti-corrosive plating layer on a surface of the copper foil; forming an electrolytic chromate layer on the anti-corrosive plating layer; forming a silane-coupling-agent-adsorbed layer on the electrolytic chromate layer; and drying the copper foil for 2-6 seconds such that the copper foil reaches 105° C.-200° C.

Abstract: The invention provides a surface-treated copper foil for producing printed wiring boards whose surface has been subjected to nodular treatment and anti-corrosion treatments, wherein the anti-corrosion treatment includes forming a zinc-copper-nickel ternary alloy anti-corrosive plating layer on a surface of the copper foil; forming an electrolytic chromate layer on the anti-corrosive plating layer; forming a silane-coupling-agent-absorbed layer on the electrolytic chromate layer; and drying the copper foil for 2-6 seconds such that the copper foil reaches 105° C.-200° C.

Abstract: A process for producing an electrodeposited copper foil with its surface prepared, comprising the steps of: subjecting an electrodeposited copper foil having a shiny side and a matte side whose average surface roughness (Rz) is in the range of 2.5 to 10 &mgr;m to at least one mechanical polishing so that the average surface roughness (Rz) of the matte side becomes in the range of 1.5 to 3.0 &mgr;m; and subjecting the matte side having undergone the mechanical polishing to a selective chemical polishing so that the average surface roughness (Rz) of the matte side becomes in the range of 0.8 to 2.5 &mgr;m. The invention further provides an electrodeposited copper foil with its surface prepared, produced by the above process, and still further provides PWBs and a multilayer laminate of PWBs, produced with the use of the above electrodeposited copper foil with its surface prepared.

Abstract: A method for improving the aftertaste of sucrose without lowering the sweetening power of sucrose, which comprises incorporating trehalose into sucrose in an amount of 2-12% to the sucrose, on a dry solid basis. The method produces saccharide compositions and food products having improved aftertaste of sucrose without lowering the sweetening power of sucrose.

Abstract: A method for improving the aftertaste of sucrose without lowering the sweetening power of sucrose, which comprises incorporating trehalose into sucrose in an amount of 2-12% to the sucrose, on a dry solid basis. The method produces saccharide compositions and food products having improved aftertaste of sucrose without lowering the sweetening power of sucrose.

Abstract: A process for producing an electrodeposited copper foil with its surface prepared, comprising the steps of: subjecting an electrodeposited copper foil having a shiny side and a matte side whose average surface roughness (Rz) is in the range of 2.5 to 10 &mgr;m to the first mechanical polishing so that the average surface roughness (Rz) of the matte side becomes 1.5 to 6 &mgr;m; and subjecting the matte side having undergone the first mechanical polishing to at least one further mechanical polishing so that the average surface roughness (Rz) of the matte side becomes 1.0 to 3.0 &mgr;m. The protrudent parts of the matte side are selectively polished by the first mechanical polishing, and the surface having undergone the first mechanical polishing is further subjected to the second and any ensuing mechanical polishings under milder conditions. Thus, a highly planar polished face with excellent surface properties can be obtained.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a surface-treated copper foil capable of consistently attaining a percent loss of peel strength in resistance against hydrochloric acid degradation of 10% or less as measured on a copper pattern prepared from the copper foil and having a line width of 0.2 mm, by bringing out the maximum effect of the silane coupling agent employed in brass-plated anti-corrosive copper foil. The Another object is to impart excellent moisture resistance to the surface-treated copper foil.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a surface-treated copper foil capable of consistently attaining a percent loss in resistance against hydrochloric acid degradation of 10% or less as measured on a copper pattern prepared from the copper foil and having a line width of 0.2 mm, by bringing out the maximum effect of the silane coupling agent employed in copper foil coated with an anti-corrosive layer formed of a zinc-copper-nickel ternary alloy. Another object is to impart excellent moisture resistance to the surface-treated copper foil.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a surface-treated copper foil capable of consistently attaining a percent loss in peel strength against hydrochloric acid degradation of 10% or less as measured on a copper pattern prepared from the copper foil and having a line width of 0.2 mm, by bringing out the maximum effect of the silane coupling agent employed in zinc-plated or zinc-alloy-plated anti-corrosive copper foil. Another object is to impart excellent moisture resistance, heat resistance, and long-term storage stability to the surface-treated copper foil.

Abstract: An object of the invention is to provide a surface-treated copper foil capable of consistently attaining a percent loss in peel strength in resistance against hydrochloric acid degradation of 10% or less as measured on a copper pattern prepared from the copper foil and having a line width of 0.2 mm, by bringing out the maximum effect of the silane coupling agent employed in copper foil coated with an anti-corrosive layer formed of a zinc-copper-tin ternary alloy. Another object is to impart excellent moisture resistance and heat resistance to the surface-treated copper foil.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a continuous manufacturing method for anhydrous crystalline maltitol comprising the following steps: (i) a heating and concentrating step where an aqueous solution containing maltitol in which maltitol is a main ingredient is continuously heated and concentrated to give a concentrated solution having a high concentration; (ii) a seed crystal adding and mixing step where the seed crystals are added to and mixed with the above concentrated solution with heating to give a massceuite containing the seed crystals; and (iii) a crystal aging step where the massceuite is subjected to disintegration, mixing, stirring and transfer in an atmosphere in which temperature and moisture are adjusted to proceed the crystallization.

Abstract: A method using a therapeutic agent for cat respiratory diseases which contains a human interferon as an effective ingredient. The therapeutic agent exerts a strong efficacy on cats with only a small dose even if administered to them orally or parenterally, and reduces the labor and burden of veterinaries and cat owners by a large margin.

Abstract: A human myelomonocyte interferon-gamma having a novel polypeptide and carbohydrate chain structure is produced by propagation of an established human myelomonocyte in vitro or after being implanted in a non-human warm-blooded animal or in a diffusion chamber placed inside or outside the body of the animal. The human myelomonocyte may be contacted with an inducer during propagation. A monoclonal antibody specific to the human myelomonocyte interferon-gamma is produced by immunizing a non-human warm-blooded animal with purified human myelomonocyte interferon-gamma as an antigen, recovering an antibody producing cell from the animal and fusing the cell with a myeloma cell to produce a hybrid capable of producing the monoclonal antibody. The human myelomonocyte interferon-gamma can be purified by chromatography with an immobilized anti-human myelomonocyte interferon-gamma antibody such as the monoclonal antibody.

Abstract: Disclosed is an alkali-treated bagasse prepared by softening a bagasse with calcium oxide together with or without sodium hydroxide while preventing the substantial decomposition of cellulose and hemicellulose, a bagasse feed and a fermented bagasse feed prepared from the alkali-treated bagasse, and their preparations and uses as well as bacteria for fermenting the alkali-treated bagasse. These bagasse and bagasse feeds save sugar-refinery industries from the difficulties to treat bagasse deemed as an unutilized industrial waste, and livestock farming industries from the shortage of roughage, and further is extremely significant in agriculture, industries of sweetening products, feed industries and livestock product processors. A bacterium strain particularly useful for the fermentation is Enterococcus faecium FERM BP-4504.

Abstract: A human myelomonocyte interferon-gamma having a novel polypeptide and carbohydrate chain structure is produced by propagation of an established human myelomonocyte in vitro or after being implanted in a non-human warm-blooded animal or in a diffusion chamber placed inside or outside the body of the animal. The human myelomonocyte may be contacted with an inducer during propagation. A monoclonal antibody specific to the human myelomonocyte interferon-gamma is produced by immunizing a non-human warm-blooded animal with purified human myelomonocyte interferon-gamma as an antigen, recovering an antibody producing cell from the animal and fusing the cell with a myeloma cell to produce a hybrid capable of producing the monoclonal antibody. The human myelomonocyte interferon-gamma can be purified by chromatography with an anti-human myelomonocyte interferon-gamma antibody such as the monoclonal antibody.