Abstract: An indwelling clip includes a clip main body having a pair of arm plate portions that can be opened in a substantially V shape with an elastic force and claw portions formed on respective tip portions of the arm plate portions. The indwelling clip also includes a fastening ring attached to the arm plate portions so as to be movable along a longitudinal direction of the pair of arm plate portions and be able to close the pair of arm plate portions by moving in a direction of the claw portions. An outer surface of the claw portion is provided with a fluorescent body containing a fluorescent pigment emitting red or near infrared light by being irradiated with excitation light.

Abstract: An indwelling clip includes a pair of arm plate portions that can be opened in a substantially V shape with an elastic force and claw portions formed on respective tip portions of the arm plate portions. The indwelling clip also includes a fastening ring attached to the arm plate portions so as to be movable along a longitudinal direction of the pair of arm plate portions and be able to close the pair of arm plate portions by moving in a direction toward the claw portions. The arm plate portion is provided with a fluorescent body containing a fluorescent pigment emitting red or near infrared light by being irradiated with excitation light. According to some embodiments, the indwelling clip allows easy visual recognition of light emission of a fluorescent body from the outside of a hollow organ and enables excellent attachment stability to the inner wall of the hollow organ.

Abstract: An indwelling clip includes a clip main body having a pair of arm plate portions that can be opened in a substantially V shape with an elastic force and claw portions formed on respective tip portions of the arm plate portions. The indwelling clip also includes a fastening ring attached to the arm plate portions so as to be movable along a longitudinal direction of the pair of arm plate portions and be able to close the pair of arm plate portions by moving in a direction of the claw portions. An outer surface of the claw portion is provided with a fluorescent body containing a fluorescent pigment emitting red or near infrared light by being irradiated with excitation light.

Abstract: A design support system comprising a digital document related module for storing a digital document used for a design operation, a geometry data related module for storing geometry data designed during the design operation, and a reference relationship related module for generating reference relationship information (a digital document that includes a reference relationship to geometry data, or geometry data that include a reference relationship to a digital document) that is established between a specific digital document and specific geometry data. To display the reference relationship from the digital document to the geometry data, the digital document related module calls up and displays the digital document, while adding and displaying information to the digital document concerning a link to the reference target geometry data.

Abstract: A design support system comprising a digital document related module for storing a digital document used for a design operation, a geometry data related module for storing geometry data designed during the design operation, and a reference relationship related module for generating reference relationship information (a digital document that includes a reference relationship to geometry data, or geometry data that include a reference relationship to a digital document) that is established between a specific digital document and specific geometry data. To display the reference relationship from the digital document to the geometry data, the digital document related module calls up and displays the digital document, while adding and displaying information to the digital document concerning a link to the reference target geometry data.

Abstract: A device for controlling fuel injection of an internal combustion engine which is capable of preventing the A/F ratio from becoming over-rich immediately after the engine is started to decrease the emission of hydrocarbons. An intake pipe is connected to a four-cylinder spark ignition-type gasoline engine, and an injector for injecting fuel is disposed in the intake pipe for each of the cylinders of the engine. An electronic control unit (ECU) controls fuel injection through the injector in an amount corresponding to the running condition of the engine. When the number of revolutions of the engine reaches a predetermined value (e.g., 500 to 1000 rpm), the ECU judges that complete combustion has occurred and then decreases the amount of fuel injected through the injector during a period in which the amount of fuel adhered to the wall surfaces is excessive.

Abstract: In a combustion engine control, an amount of fuel suitable for each combustion cycle in the combustion engine is determined, the fuel is injected into the combustion engine, a spark for igniting the injected fuel is generated in the combustion engine, it is detected that the combustion engine is ordered to be stopped, the combustion engine is stopped by preventing to start injecting the fuel into the combustion engine after it is detected that the combustion engine is ordered to be stopped, the determined amount of fuel completes being injected into the combustion engine after the fuel starts to be injected into the combustion engine, regardless of whether it is detected that the combustion engine is ordered to be stopped.

Abstract: A fuel injection control system for an internal combustion engine which can eliminate lean misfiring and rich misfiring at asynchronous injection and exhausting of non-combustioned HC. When the asynchronous injection is performed at engine cranking or at acceleration, a judgement is made as to whether the injected fuel will be divided by closure of an intake valve. When division is not detected, fuel injection is performed in normal manner. When division is detected, rate of the fuel division is computed. As a result of computation, fuel injection is performed when judgement is made that a predetermined amount of the injected fuel will be introduced into the cylinder. Furthermore, the amount of fuel not introduced into the cylinder is computed to reduce a corresponding amount from a fuel injection amount for the next cycle. On the other hand, when judgement is made that the predetermined amount of fuel will not be introduced into the cylinder, fuel injection does not take place.

Abstract: A lubricating apparatus for an internal-combustion engine comprises a detector for detecting whether the engine runs or not, a heat storage reservoir connected to lubricating oil outflow and inflow ports of the engine by a circular pipe system for storing the oil and maintaining its temperature, the heat storage reservoir being provided outside the engine, a hydraulic pump provided between the inflow port and the heat storage reservoir for controlling the supply of the oil stored in the heat storage reservoir to portions of the engine in response to a control signal, and a controller responsive to an output of the detector for producing the control signal to stop the hydraulic pump in order to maintain a temperature of the oil stored in the heat storage reservoir when the detector detects a stop of the engine and for producing the control signal to actuate the hydraulic pump to supply the oil, whose temperature is maintained by the heat storage reservoir, to the portions of the engine.

Abstract: A relation with output characteristic of an oxygen density sensor corresponding to a deviation of an air fuel ratio of a mixed gas supplied actually to an internal combustion engine from a desired air fuel ratio is stored beforehand in an air fuel ratio controller of the present invention. Then, the air fuel ratio deviation is computed correspondingly to an actual output of the oxygen density sensor according to the stored relation, and an air fuel ratio controlled variable is corrected according to the computed air fuel ratio deviation, thereby controlling the air fuel ratio to the desired air fuel ratio.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling a quantity of fuel injected into an internal combustion engine comprises a sensor for detecting atomspheric pressure, a sensor for detecting a load condition of an internal combustion engine, and an electronic control device including a microprocessor.

Abstract: An internal combustion engine control device is constructed to estimate an engine air intake quantity based on an engine speed when the engine is running in an intake air pulsation generating range to control the engine in accordance with the air intake quantity thus estimated. The estimated air intake quantity is corrected by a correction value which is related to the density of the intake air.

Abstract: An air/fuel ratio control system for an internal combustion engine that compensates, the amount of fuel supplied at engine starting based on lapsed time since the engine was operated and stopped. A lapse time from the immediately previous engine stop to the subsequent engine start is determined. Based on this lapse time, an increase value of fuel to be supplied into the engine's intake air by fuel injection valves is determined. This increase value is determined according to a pre-established of fuel temperature. The fuel supply amount is corrected upon engine start on the basis of the increase value.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine wherein feedback control of the air-fuel ratio is carried out in accordance with the concentration of a specific composition in the exhaust gas, so that the air-fuel ratio is close to an aimed air-fuel ratio, the atmospheric pressure is detected, and the aimed air-fuel ratio is varied in accordance with the detected atmospheric pressure.

Abstract: An air-fuel control system determines a basic injection amount for steady operation in accordance with an engine speed and an intake manifold pressure or intake air amount of the engine, and compensates during a transient period of engine operation the basic injection amount in accordance with engine operating conditions such as throttle valve opening, O.sub.2 concentration in the exhaust gas, etc. At the time of engine acceleration, the fuel increment is incrementally compensated for in accordance with the air-fuel ratio immediately before the acceleration, data for fuel increment being stored in a map corresponding to data of the basic injection amount.

Abstract: A gas sensor of constant-current type is used to detect a gas component in exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine so as to perform feedback control of air/fuel ratio of an air-fuel mixture supplied to the engine. In order to detect an air/fuel ratio which is richer than a stoichiometric value, a voltage applied to the gas sensor is set to a high value so that the gas sensor does not exhibit a constant-current characteristic. In the case it is desired to detect an air/fuel ratio which is either richer or leaner than the stoichiometric value, the voltage may be changed between the high value and a lower value at which the gas sensor exhibits a constant-current characteristic. Engine parameters are detected to determine whether the engine requires a rich mixture or a lean mixture, and the voltage may be changed as the result of such determination.

Abstract: A method for controlling the air-fuel ratio in an internal combustion engine in which the correction of the air-fuel ratio is carried out on the basis of the determination as to whether the base air-fuel ratio is the value in the richer or the leaner side of the air-fuel ratio corresponding to the best specific fuel consumption. A different number of operation points for detecting the signals of the parameters of the engine running state are selected for the automatic constant speed control state and for the non-automatic speed control state.

Abstract: An air-fuel ratio control system for an internal combustion engine in which the air-fuel ratio of the engine is controlled by feedback using an air-fuel ratio sensor of a critical current type. When the air-fuel ratio is not controlled by such feedback, the voltage applied to the air-fuel ratio sensor is reduced or cut off to reduce physical deterioration thereof.

Abstract: A method for controlling the air-fuel ratio in an internal combustion engine which includes the steps of changing the air-fuel ratio to a predetermined extent, detecting changes in the operating conditions of the engine by running the engine on the basis of the changed air-fuel ratio, and correcting the air-fuel ratio in the desirable direction for changing the air-fuel ratio on the basis of the detected desirable direction of change of the air-fuel ratio. The reading of the fuel correction coefficient K.sub.1 is carried out by using maps indicating the relationship between the number of fuel injections, the number of engine rotations, or the fuel injection period, and the fuel correction coefficient K.sub.1, respectively, for each ON and OFF mode of the bypass air control valve for controlling the air flow, by bypassing a throttle valve, and the fuel injection on the basis of the amount of fuel injection corrections read from the fuel correction coefficient K.sub.1.

Abstract: An ignition timing control method and an apparatus for internal combustion engines in which the ignition timing of the engine is calculated from a base value obtained by detecting a first operation state of the engine and from a learned correction value obtained in accordance with the record content of a nonvolatile memory, the ignition timing being corrected by rewriting the nonvolatile memory in accordance with the detection result of second and third driving states of the engine, as desired.