Abstract: A power supply includes: a first connection terminal connectable with a DC power supply to which a first load and a generator are connected in parallel; a second connection terminal connectable with an electric storage which stores regenerative power generated by the generator; a third connection terminal connectable with a second load; a DC-DC converter; and a controller which controls the DC-DC converter. The power supply further includes: a first power path including one end connected to the first connection terminal and the other end connected to a first input/output terminal of the DC-DC converter; a second power path including one end connected to the second connection terminal and the other end connected to a second input/output terminal of the DC-DC converter; and a third power path including one end connected to the third connection terminal and the other end connected to the second power path.

Abstract: A battery pack monitoring apparatus detects line breakage of detection lines on a highest potential side and a lowest potential side of a battery pack. In the apparatus, a battery cell voltage detection section detects a voltage of each of battery cells through detection lines connected to both electrodes of the battery cells. A battery pack voltage detection section detects a voltage of the battery pack through the highest potential side detection line and the lowest potential side detection line of the battery pack. Diodes are connected in parallel to respective battery cells on the highest and lowest potential sides in a forward direction from a negative electrode toward a positive electrode. A control section determines that one of the lines is broken when a sum of the voltage of each of the battery cells detected and the voltage of the battery pack detected are not equal to each other.

Abstract: A vehicle power supply apparatus includes: a switching element; a DC-DC converter; and a control unit. During an idling stop, the control unit turns on the switching element, and controls the DC-DC converter to discharge electricity from an electricity storage unit to supply electric power to loads, and when the voltage of the electricity storage unit decreases to a predetermined value, the control unit stops discharging to hold electric power of the electricity storage unit, continuously maintains the switching element ON to supply electric power to the loads, and transmits a signal indicating that the idling stop can be continuously maintained. When the idling stop ends and an engine is re-started, the control unit turns off the switching element, and controls the DC-DC converter to discharge electricity from the electricity storage unit to supply remaining electric power of the electricity storage unit to a second load.

Abstract: A vehicle power supply apparatus includes: a switching element; a DC-DC converter; and a control unit. When a vehicle is travelling, and a generator does not generate electricity, if a voltage of an electricity storage unit is greater than a predetermined value, the control unit turns on the switching element, and controls driving of the DC-DC converter such that the electricity storage unit discharges electricity to supply electric power of the electricity storage unit to loads, and even if the voltage of the electricity storage unit decreases to the predetermined value, as long as the vehicle speed is greater than or equal to a threshold value, the control unit turns on the switching element, and controls the driving of the DC-DC converter such that the electricity storage unit discharges electricity to supply the electric power of the electricity storage unit to the loads.

Abstract: A power supply includes: a first connection terminal connectable with a DC power supply to which a first load and a generator are connected in parallel; a second connection terminal connectable with an electric storage which stores regenerative power generated by the generator; a third connection terminal connectable with a second load; a DC-DC converter; and a controller which controls the DC-DC converter. The power supply further includes: a first power path including one end connected to the first connection terminal and the other end connected to a first input/output terminal of the DC-DC converter; a second power path including one end connected to the second connection terminal and the other end connected to a second input/output terminal of the DC-DC converter; and a third power path including one end connected to the third connection terminal and the other end connected to the second power path.

Abstract: A battery pack monitoring apparatus detects line breakage of detection lines on a highest potential side and a lowest potential side of a battery pack. In the apparatus, a battery cell voltage detection section detects a voltage of each of battery cells through detection lines connected to both electrodes of the battery cells. A battery pack voltage detection section detects a voltage of the battery pack through the highest potential side detection line and the lowest potential side detection line of the battery pack. Diodes are connected in parallel to respective battery cells on the highest and lowest potential sides in a forward direction from a negative electrode toward a positive electrode. A control section determines that one of the lines is broken when a sum of the voltage of each of the battery cells detected and the voltage of the battery pack detected are not equal to each other.

Abstract: In an electric power controller for vehicle mounting, an input voltage supplied through a harness and a threshold value are compared, and the input voltage applied to load is interrupted when the input voltage is smaller than the threshold value. The electric power controller for vehicle mounting includes a voltage drop detector for detecting a voltage drop amount of the harness; and a threshold value setting device in which a voltage provided by subtracting the voltage drop amount of the harness from a predetermined protecting voltage is set as the threshold value.

Abstract: A multi-cell battery system includes a plurality of modules connected in series, each of the modules comprising a battery cell and a slave for monitoring a state of the battery cell, and a master for monitoring the state of the battery cell by communicating with the slave of each of the plurality of modules. The master transmits, in order, to the plurality of modules a series of numbers to be numbered on each module as a numbering signal. Each of the plurality of modules numbers the series of numbers in the series-connected order by receiving the numbering signal from the master and executing numbering based on number information contained in the numbering signal when receiving a numbering reception request signal for executing the numbering, and transmitting the numbering reception request signal to a module of a next stage in the series when the numbering is completed.

Abstract: In an electric power controller for vehicle mounting, an input voltage supplied through a harness and a threshold value are compared, and the input voltage applied to load is interrupted when the input voltage is smaller than the threshold value. The electric power controller for vehicle mounting includes a voltage drop detector for detecting a voltage drop amount of the harness; and a threshold value setting device in which a voltage provided by subtracting the voltage drop amount of the harness from a predetermined protecting voltage is set as the threshold value.

Abstract: After the lactone portion of trans-whiskey lactone is hydrolyzed with potassium hydroxide, this portion is reacted with isopropyl bromide and mixed with an alkyl group, thereby obtaining isopropyl (3S,4S)-4-hydroxy-3-methyloctanoate. Then, the isopropyl (3S,4S)-4-hydroxy-3-methyloctanoate is reacted with diethyl azodicarboxylate in the presence of triphenylphosphine and azodicarboxylate, thereby obtaining isopropyl (3S,4S)-4-(3',5'-dinitrobenzoyloxy)-3-methyloctanoate. The isopropyl (3S,4S)-4-(3',5'-dinitrobenzoyloxy)-3-methyloctanoate is hydrolyzed in 2% potassium hydroxide, and as a result, cis-whiskey lactone (A) represented by the following general formula is obtained. According to this method, cis-whiskey lactone, one of the perfume components of whiskey and wine, can be produced selectively and easily.