Abstract: A laser system includes: A. a solid-state laser apparatus configured to output a pulse laser beam having light intensity distribution in a Gaussian shape that is rotationally symmetric about an optical path axis; B. an amplifier including a pair of discharge electrodes and configured to amplify the pulse laser beam in a discharge space between the pair of discharge electrodes; and C. a conversion optical system configured to convert the light intensity distribution of the pulse laser beam output from the amplifier into a top hat shape in each of a discharge direction of the pair of discharge electrodes and a direction orthogonal to the discharge direction.

Abstract: A laser system includes: A. a solid-state laser apparatus configured to output a pulse laser beam having light intensity distribution in a Gaussian shape that is rotationally symmetric about an optical path axis; B. an amplifier including a pair of discharge electrodes and configured to amplify the pulse laser beam in a discharge space between the pair of discharge electrodes; and C. a conversion optical system configured to convert the light intensity distribution of the pulse laser beam output from the amplifier into a top hat shape in each of a discharge direction of the pair of discharge electrodes and a direction orthogonal to the discharge direction.

Abstract: A vacuum booster check valve comprises: a main body attached to a vacuum inlet; a first passage, an accommodation section, and a second passage; a valve seat formed in the first passage; a valve body accommodated within the accommodation section; and springs that bias the valve body toward the valve seat. The check valve also comprises vibration absorption sections whereby, when the valve body is seated on the valve seat, one part of the valve body absorbs more vibrations imparted to the valve body compared to other parts of the valve body.

Abstract: The laser system may include a plurality of laser apparatuses, a beam delivery device configured to bundle pulse laser beams emitted from respective laser apparatuses of the plurality of laser apparatuses to emit a bundled pulse laser beam, and a beam parameter measuring device provided in an optical path of the bundled pulse laser beam to measure a beam parameter of each one of the pulse laser beams and a beam parameter of the bundled pulse laser beam.

Abstract: A laser system may include a plurality of laser apparatuses, a beam delivery device configured to bundle pulse laser beams emitted from respective laser apparatuses of the plurality of laser apparatuses to emit a bundled laser beam, and a controller configured to control operated laser apparatuses of the plurality of laser apparatuses such that, at a change in a number representing how many laser apparatuses are operated, a beam parameter of the bundled laser beam emitted from the beam delivery device approaches a beam parameter of the bundled laser beam emitted before the change.

Abstract: The laser system may include first and second laser apparatuses and a beam delivery device. The first laser apparatus may be provided so as to emit a first laser beam to the beam delivery device in a first direction. The second laser apparatus may be provided so as to emit a second laser beam to the beam delivery device in a direction substantially parallel to the first direction. The beam delivery device may be configured to bundle the first and second laser beams and to emit the first and second laser beams from the beam delivery device to a beam delivery direction different from the first direction.

Abstract: A laser device may include: a master oscillator including a first laser chamber, a first pair of discharge electrodes provided in the first laser chamber, and an optical resonator, the master oscillator being configured to output a laser beam; a first amplifier including a second laser chamber provided in an optical path of the laser beam outputted from the master oscillator and a second pair of discharge electrodes provided in the second laser chamber at a first gap distance, the first amplifier being configured to amplify the laser beam; and a first beam-adjusting optical system provided in an optical path of the laser beam between the master oscillator and the first amplifier, the first beam-adjusting optical system being configured to adjust the laser beam outputted from the master oscillator such that a beam width of the laser beam entering the first amplifier measured in a direction of electric discharge between the second pair of discharge electrodes is substantially equal to the first gap distance bet

Abstract: The laser system may include first and second laser apparatuses and a beam delivery device. The first laser apparatus may be provided so as to emit a first laser beam to the beam delivery device in a first direction. The second laser apparatus may be provided so as to emit a second laser beam to the beam delivery device in a direction substantially parallel to the first direction. The beam delivery device may be configured to bundle the first and second laser beams and to emit the first and second laser beams from the beam delivery device to a beam delivery direction different from the first direction.

Abstract: A laser system may include a plurality of laser apparatuses, a beam delivery device configured to bundle pulse laser beams emitted from respective laser apparatuses of the plurality of laser apparatuses to emit a bundled laser beam, and a controller configured to control operated laser apparatuses of the plurality of laser apparatuses such that, at a change in a number representing how many laser apparatuses are operated, a beam parameter of the bundled laser beam emitted from the beam delivery device approaches a beam parameter of the bundled laser beam emitted before the change.

Abstract: The laser system may include a plurality of laser apparatuses, a beam delivery device configured to bundle pulse laser beams emitted from respective laser apparatuses of the plurality of laser apparatuses to emit a bundled pulse laser beam, and a beam parameter measuring device provided in an optical path of the bundled pulse laser beam to measure a beam parameter of each one of the pulse laser beams and a beam parameter of the bundled pulse laser beam.

Abstract: The laser system may include a first laser apparatus configured to emit a first pulse laser beam, a second laser apparatus configured to emit a second pulse laser beam, a timing detector, and a controller. The timing detector may be configured to detect a first passage timing at which the first pulse laser beam passes a first position and a second passage timing at which the second pulse laser beam passes a second position. The controller may be configured to control a first trigger timing for the first laser apparatus to emit the first pulse laser beam and a second trigger timing for the second laser apparatus to emit the second pulse laser beam based on the first passage timing and the second passage timing.

Abstract: An image forming optical system of the present invention is characterized by comprising three groups having, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens group having a negative refractive power, a second lens group having a positive refractive power, and a third lens group having a positive refractive power, or four groups with one more lens group added to the image side, the first lens group comprises one lens component facing its concave surface toward the object side, the second lens group comprises a single lens having a positive refractive power and a cemented lens having a negative refractive power as a whole, and the third lens group comprises a lens component having a positive refractive power, wherein upon zooming from the wide-angle end toward the telephoto side, the amount of movement of the first lens group in the optical axis direction in an area, where the focal length of the entire image pickup optical system is 3.

Abstract: A lens component of the present invention is made by cementing a lens LA and a lens LB having a refracting power smaller than a refracting power of the lens LA, and satisfies predetermined conditional expressions. Moreover, in an image forming optical system of the present invention which includes a lens group B having a negative refracting power, a lens group C having a positive refracting power and which moves only toward an object side at the time of zooming from a wide angle end to a telephoto end, and one or two more lens groups additionally, one of the lens components of the present invention is used in the lens group B.

Abstract: An image forming optical system of the present invention is characterized by comprising three groups having, in order from an object side to an image side, a first lens group having a negative refractive power, a second lens group having a positive refractive power, and a third lens group having a positive refractive power, or four groups with one more lens group added to the image side, the first lens group comprises one lens component facing its concave surface toward the object side, the second lens group comprises a single lens having a positive refractive power and a cemented lens having a negative refractive power as a whole, and the third lens group comprises a lens component having a positive refractive power, wherein upon zooming from the wide-angle end toward the telephoto side, the amount of movement of the first lens group in the optical axis direction in an area, where the focal length of the entire image pickup optical system is 3.

Abstract: A lens component of the present invention is made by cementing a lens LA and a lens LB having a refracting power smaller than a refracting power of the lens LA, and satisfies predetermined conditional expressions. Moreover, in an image forming optical system of the present invention which includes a lens group B having a negative refracting power, a lens group C having a positive refracting power and which moves only toward an object side at the time of zooming from a wide angle end to a telephoto end, and one or two more lens groups additionally, one of the lens components of the present invention is used in the lens group B.

Abstract: A form-fill sealing machine (1) for manufacturing resealable packages (W) includes a tearable line forming device (30) that serves to form tearable lines (104) in a film (F). A labeling device (40) serves to stick re-stickable labels (103) onto the film in positions to cover respective tearable lines. A tube forming device (60) serves to form the film into a tubular film (T). A first sealing device (80) serves to seal lapped edges of the tubular film so as to form a lengthwise sealed portion (111). A second sealing device (90) serves to seal the tubular film in a crosswise direction, so that crosswise sealed portions (109) are formed on the tubular film. Each tearable line is positioned between two adjacent crosswise sealed portions and adjacent to one of two adjacent crosswise sealed portions.

Abstract: A form-fill sealing machine (1) for manufacturing resealable packages (W) includes a tearable line forming device (30) that serves to form tearable lines (104) in a film (F). A labeling device (40) serves to stick re-stickable labels (103) onto the film in positions to cover respective tearable lines. A tube forming device (60) serves to form the film into a tubular film (T). A first sealing device (80) serves to seal lapped edges of the tubular film so as to form a lengthwise sealed portion (111). A second sealing device (90) serves to seal the tubular film in a crosswise direction, so that crosswise sealed portions (109) are formed on the tubular film. Each tearable line is positioned between two adjacent crosswise sealed portions and adjacent to one of two adjacent crosswise sealed portions.