Abstract: A multi-layer tubular woven construct includes two or more layers including an innermost layer and layer A that is a layer other than the innermost layer, layer A including a monofilament yarn serving as a weft yarn, the weft yarn extending spirally and circumferentially around the tubular woven construct to form the weft, the weft including threads lying adjacent to each other, the adjacent weft threads of the monofilament yarn having intervals larger than the diameter of the monofilament yarn.

Abstract: An artificial blood vessel is composed of a cylindrical multiple-woven fabric structure allowing only a small amount of blood leakage and can achieve both antithrombogenicity and cellular affinity. The artificial blood vessel includes a cylindrical fabric structure in which a cylindrical fabric whose inside contacts blood is arranged, wherein the cylindrical fabric is a fabric prepared by interlacing a plurality of warp yarns and a plurality of weft yarns with each other into a cylindrical shape; the warp yarns and the weft yarns constituting the cylindrical fabric include a multifilament yarn having a single yarn fineness of not more than 0.50 dtex, and are bound to an antithrombogenic material; the antithrombogenic material forms an antithrombogenic material layer having a thickness of 1 to 600 nm inside the cylindrical fabric; and the water permeability under conditions where a pressure of 16 kPa is applied to the inner surface is less than 300 mL/cm2/min.

Abstract: A biodegradable material has an improved biodegradability, an enhanced shape recovery rate after deformation of the material and an improved flexibility. The biodegradable material is a chemically cross-linked product of: a multivalent compound A having 3 or more functional groups X such as hydroxyl group; a multivalent compound B having 3 or more functional groups Y such as carboxyl group; and a compound C having a structure originated from a hydroxycarboxylic acid whose homopolymer formed by homopolymerization has a glass transition point of ?40° C. or lower.

Abstract: A textile vascular prosthesis has reduced leakage of blood through the voids between the fibers. The vascular prosthesis with multi-layer tubular woven structure includes two types of yarns, the yarns being a microfiber multifilament yarn with a monofilament fineness of 0.5 dtex or less as a warp yarn that mainly forms an inner layer to be in contact with a blood flow and a multifilament yarn with a monofilament fineness of 1.0 dtex or more as a warp yarn that mainly forms an outer layer, the inner layer having an apparent cover factor of 2000 or more.

Abstract: An antithrombogenic material includes a coating material containing: a polymer containing, as a constituent monomer, a compound selected from the group consisting of alkyleneimines, vinylamines, allylamines, lysine, protamine and diallyldimethylammonium chloride; and an anionic compound containing a sulfur atom and having anticoagulant activity; and a base material whose surface is coated with the coating material; wherein the polymer is covalently bound to the base material; and an abundance ratio of nitrogen atoms to an abundance of total atoms as measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) on a surface of the base material is 6.0 to 12.0 atomic percent.

Abstract: Biodegradable particles for medical use and a vascular embolization material have improved flexibility, cause less aggregation among particles, and have improved particle shape-recovering ability after passing through a catheter or the like. The biodegradable particles for medical use are composed of an A1-B-A2 type triblock copolymer, wherein A1 and A2 are each a block of biodegradable copolymer constituted of monomers including glycolic acid, lactic acid and 6-hydroxycaproic acid, and B is a block of water-soluble polymer.

Abstract: A biodegradable material is a chemically cross-linked product between a multivalent compound A having 3 or more functional groups X such as hydroxyl group; and a multivalent compound B having 3 or more functional groups Y such as carboxyl group wherein chemical cross-linkage(s) is/are formed by condensation reaction of the functional group(s) X and the functional group(s) Y; wherein (y+z)/(x+z) is 1.2 to 4.0 when MA>MB, and (x+z)/(y+z) is 1.2 to 4.0 when MA<MB; wherein x represents the number of the functional group(s) X not condensed with the functional group(s) Y; y represents the number of the functional group(s) Y not condensed with the functional group(s) X; z represents the number of the cross-linkage(s); MA represents weight average molecular weight of the multivalent compound A; and MB represents weight average molecular weight of the multivalent compound B.

Abstract: Spherical biodegradable particles have improved flexibility, cause less aggregation among particles, and have improved particle shape-recovering ability after passing through a catheter or the like. The biodegradable particles include a synthetic polymer chemically cross-linked to a polyvalent carboxylic acid, the biodegradable particles having a water content of 20 to 90% in a water-saturated state.

Abstract: A relay device arranged between a plurality of terminal devices and a file device for relaying data communication, includes: a storage unit configured to store a change history of each piece of data acquired from the file device by a request from the terminal device; a communication unit; and a computation processing unit configured to, in a case where a change history of first data acquired from the file device by a request from a first terminal device is different from a change history of second data having the same file name as the first data acquired from the file device after acquisition of the first data by the first terminal device by a request from a second terminal device, control and cause the communication unit to notify the first terminal device that the first data is changed to the second data.

Abstract: An artificial blood vessel is a tubular fabric including a fiber layer containing an ultrafine fiber(s) and an ultrafine fiber layer in the inside of the fiber layer, the ultrafine fiber layer being composed of an ultrafine fiber(s) having a fiber diameter(s) of not less than 10 nm and not more than 3 ?m, wherein a quaternary ammonium group-containing polymer having alkyl groups each of a carbon number 10 or less is covalently bound to the ultrafine fiber(s); heparin is ionically bound to the quaternary ammonium group-containing polymer; and the residual heparin activity after washing with physiological saline at 37° C. for 30 minutes is 20 mIU/cm2 or more.

Abstract: An artificial blood vessel promotes intimal formation after indwelling, and is capable of maintaining antithrombogenicity during the intimal formation and maintaining its patency for a long time. The artificial blood vessel is a tubular fabric including a fiber layer containing an ultrafine fiber(s) and an ultrafine fiber layer in the inside of the fiber layer, the ultrafine fiber layer being composed of an ultrafine fiber(s) having a fiber diameter(s) of 10 nm to 3 ?m, wherein an antithrombin agent having a polymer chain other than heparin is covalently bound to the ultrafine fiber via the polymer chain, and the thrombin activity inhibition rate on the fiber surface at 37° C. is not less than 60%.

Abstract: An artificial blood vessel includes a tubular woven fabric composed of a multifilament yarn A including a first polyester and a multifilament yarn B including a second polyester, and has an inner diameter of 8 mm or less and a layer thickness of 50 ?m or more and 250 ?m or less, wherein the multifilament yarn A has a single fiber fineness of 1.0 dtex or more and a total fineness of 33 dtex or less, the multifilament yarn B has a single fiber fineness of 0.08 dtex or less and a total fineness of 66 dtex or less, and the multifilament yarn B forms loops on an inner wall surface of the tubular woven fabric.

Abstract: An information processing method performed by a computer coupled to a plurality of terminal devices, the information processing method includes setting a first number representing the number of terminal devices belonging to a first subnet capable of simultaneously performing download processing of certain content, and a second number representing the number of terminal devices belonging to a second subnet capable of simultaneously performing the download processing; receiving a download request from the first terminal device; downloading target content indicated in the download request to the first terminal device, when the number of terminal devices belonging to the first subnet that are performing download processing of the target content is less than the first number; measuring a time used for downloading of the target content to the first terminal device; and updating the first number and the second number, based on a comparison of the time and a predetermined time.

Abstract: A biodegradable material has an improved biodegradability, an enhanced shape recovery rate after deformation of the material and an improved flexibility. The biodegradable material is a chemically cross-linked product of: a multivalent compound A having 3 or more functional groups X such as hydroxyl group; a multivalent compound B having 3 or more functional groups Y such as carboxyl group; and a compound C having a structure originated from a hydroxycarboxylic acid whose homopolymer formed by homopolymerization has a glass transition point of ?40° C. or lower.

Abstract: A biodegradable material is a chemically cross-linked product between a multivalent compound A having 3 or more functional groups X such as hydroxyl group; and a multivalent compound B having 3 or more functional groups Y such as carboxyl group wherein chemical cross-linkage(s) is/are formed by condensation reaction of the functional group(s) X and the functional group(s) Y; wherein (y+z)/(x+z) is 1.2 to 4.0 when MA>MB, and (x+z)/(y+z) is 1.2 to 4.0 when MA<MB; wherein x represents the number of the functional group(s) X not condensed with the functional group(s) Y; y represents the number of the functional group(s) Y not condensed with the functional group(s) X; z represents the number of the cross-linkage(s); MA represents weight average molecular weight of the multivalent compound A; and MB represents weight average molecular weight of the multivalent compound B.

Abstract: A biodegradable particle including a block copolymer produced by copolymerization of a biodegradable copolymer having a structure composed of hydroxycarboxylic acid a1, whose homopolymer produced by homopolymerization has a glass transition point of not less than 40° C., and hydroxycarboxylic acid a2, whose homopolymer produced by homopolymerization has a glass transition point of not more than ?40° C.; a water-soluble polymer comprising a functional group selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, amino group and carboxylic acid group at each of both ends; and a polyvalent compound comprising 2 or more functional groups each selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, amino group and carboxylic acid group; wherein a ratio of mass of said structure composed of hydroxycarboxylic acid a2 to mass of said biodegradable copolymer is 30 to 90% by mass.

Abstract: A separation membrane includes a membrane comprising a polymer, characterized in that a functional layer is formed on the surface in one side of the membrane, the peak area percentage of carbon derived from ester group measured by the electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) on the surface of the preceding functional layer is 0.1% (by atomic number) or more but not more than 10 (% by atomic number), and the peak area percentage of carbon derived from ester group measured by the electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) on the surface opposite to the functional layer is not more than 10 (% by atomic number). A separation membrane module suffering from little sticking of organic matters, proteins, platelets and so on is provided with the separation membrane as a built-in membrane.

Abstract: A biodegradable particle including a block copolymer produced by copolymerization of a biodegradable copolymer having a structure composed of hydroxycarboxylic acid a1, whose homopolymer produced by homopolymerization has a glass transition point of not less than 40° C. and hydroxycarboxylic acid a2, whose homopolymer produced by homopolymerization has a glass transition point of not more than ?40° C.; a water-soluble polymer comprising a functional group selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, amino group and carboxylic acid group at each of both ends; and a polyvalent compound comprising 2 or more functional groups each selected from the group consisting of a hydroxyl group, amino group and carboxylic acid group; wherein a ratio of mass of said structure composed of hydroxycarboxylic acid a2 to mass of said biodegradable copolymer is 30 to 90% by mass.

Abstract: A separation membrane includes a membrane comprising a polymer, characterized in that a functional layer is formed on the surface in one side of the membrane, the peak area percentage of carbon derived from ester group measured by the electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) on the surface of the preceding functional layer is 0.1% (by atomic number) or more but not more than 10 (% by atomic number), and the peak area percentage of carbon derived from ester group measured by the electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis (ESCA) on the surface opposite to the functional layer is not more than 10 (% by atomic number). A separation membrane module suffering from little sticking of organic matters, proteins, platelets and so on is provided with the separation membrane as a built-in membrane.

Abstract: The present invention provides a medical material and a blood purification apparatus each having high anti-thrombotic properties and high safety. The apparatus is produced by incorporating therein a medical material which has a hydrophilic copolymerization polymer present on a surface thereof which is to be in contact with blood, wherein particulate protuberances each having a particle diameter of 50 nm or more are present on the surface which is to be in contact with blood at a density of 3 particles/?m2 or less and the relaxation time of adsorbed water in the hydrophilic copolymerization polymer is 2.5×10?8 seconds or shorter and 5.0×10?10 seconds or longer at ?40° C.