Abstract: A method for producing an aqueous dispersion of a fluorine-containing elastomer, which includes polymerizing a fluorine-containing monomer in the presence of an aqueous medium and a fluorine-containing compound (A), wherein the fluorine-containing elastomer contains a methylene group in a main chain, the fluorine-containing compound (A) is a compound represented by general formula (A): CXiXk?CXjRa—(CZ1Z2)k—Y3??(A) wherein Xi, Xj, and Xk are the same or different and are F, Cl, H, or CF3; Y3 is a hydrophilic group; Ra is a linking group; Z1 and Z2 are the same or different and are H, F, or CF3; and k is 0 or 1; provided that at least one of Xi, Xk, Xj, Ra, Z1, and Z2 includes F; and the number of carbon atoms in a portion excluding the hydrophilic group is 6 or less, and the fluorine-containing compound (A) is fed after polymerization is initiated.

Abstract: A method for producing a fluoropolymer which method includes polymerizing a perfluoromonomer in an aqueous medium in the presence of a polymer (1) to obtain a fluoropolymer, wherein the content of a polymerized unit derived from the perfluoromonomer in the fluoropolymer is 90 mol % or more based on all polymerized units of the fluoropolymer, the polymer (1) is a polymer of a monomer (1) represented by the general formula (1): CF2?CF—O—R-(Rf-SO3M)m, a polymerized unit (1) derived from the monomer (1) in the polymer (1) is 50% by mass or more based on all polymerized units of the polymer (1), and the content of a dimer and a trimer of the monomer (1) in the polymer (1) is 1.0% by mass or less based on the polymer (1).

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing an aqueous dispersion of a fluorine-containing elastomer, comprising polymerizing a fluorine-containing monomer in the presence of a polymer (1) containing a polymerization unit (1) based on a monomer (1) represented by general formula (1) and an aqueous medium, CF2?CF—R—CZ1Z2—COOM??(1) wherein R is a linking group, Z1 and Z2 are each independently F or CF3, and M is H, a metal atom, NR74, imidazolium optionally having a substituent, pyridinium optionally having a substituent, or phosphonium optionally having a substituent, wherein R7 is H or an organic group.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for producing a perfluoroelastomer aqueous dispersion by polymerizing a perfluoromonomer in the presence of a polymer (1) and an aqueous medium to produce an aqueous dispersion of a perfluoroelastomer, the polymer (1) containing a polymerization unit (1) based on a monomer (1) represented by a general formula (1) and the polymer (1) having an ion exchange capacity of 1.50 meq/g or more.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a ceramic phosphor plate including: a ceramic substrate having a light incident surface and a light emitting surface facing the light incident surface; and an antireflection film formed at least on the light emitting surface, in which the light emitting surface of the ceramic substrate has an uneven shape including a concave portion and a convex portion, the light emitting surface has an arithmetic mean roughness (Ra) of 0.1 ?m or more and 0.7 ?m or less, and a Kurtosis (Rku) obtained from a surface roughness curve of 5 or more and 10 or less.

Abstract: A method for producing an aqueous dispersion of a fluorine-containing elastomer, including polymerizing a fluorine-containing monomer in the presence of a compound (1) having an aromatic ring, a hydrophilic group, and an unsaturated double bond, and an aqueous medium, to produce an aqueous dispersion of a fluorine-containing elastomer containing -CH2- in a main chain.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing an aqueous dispersion of a fluorine-containing elastomer, comprising polymerizing a fluorine-containing monomer in the presence of a compound (1) having a triple bond and a hydrophilic group and an aqueous medium to produce an aqueous dispersion of a fluorine-containing elastomer.

Abstract: A method for producing an aqueous dispersion of a fluorine-containing elastomer, which includes polymerizing a fluorine-containing monomer in the presence of a fluorine-free compound (1) represented by general formula (1): CR1X1?CX2—R2—COOM and an aqueous medium, to produce an aqueous dispersion of the fluorine-containing elastomer containing —CH2— in a main chain. Also disclosed is an aqueous dispersion of the fluorine-containing elastomer and a composition containing the fluorine-containing elastomer.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing an aqueous dispersion of a fluorine-containing elastomer, comprising polymerizing a fluorine-containing monomer in the presence of a fluorine-containing compound (1) represented by general formula (1) and an aqueous medium to produce an aqueous dispersion of a fluorine-containing elastomer: CX1X2?CX3—Z??General formula (1): wherein X1 to X3 are each independently H, F, or a fluorine-containing alkyl group; when X1 and X2 are both H, X3 is F or a fluorine-containing alkyl group; Z is a group represented by —COOM, —SO3M, —OSO3M, —PO(OM)2, —OPO(OM)2, —BO(OM)2, or —OBO(OM)2; M is H, a metal atom, NR14, optionally substituted imidazolium, optionally substituted pyridinium, or optionally substituted phosphonium; and R1 is independently H or an organic group, and any two R1 are optionally bonded to each other to form a ring.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a phosphor plate including a sintered body including (Y1-x-y, Gdx, Cey)3Al5O12 particles and Al2O3 particles, in which 0.07?x?0.11 and 0.010?y?0.015 are satisfied, the (Y1-x-y, Gdx, Cey)3Al5O12 particles in the sintered body has an average particle diameter of 4 ?m or more and 6 ?m or less, the (Y1-x-y, Gdx, Cey)3Al5O12 particles has a concentration of 20 vol % or more and 30 vol % or less with respect to a total amount 100 vol % of the (Y1-x-y, Gdx, Cey)3Al5O12 particles and the Al2O3 particles, a ratio of an average particle diameter of the Al2O3 particles to the average particle diameter of the (Y1-x-y, Gdx, Cey)3Al5O12 particles is 1 or more and 2 or less, and the sintered body has a total thickness of 150 ?m or more and 250 ?m or less.

Abstract: Provided is a method for producing a fluorine-containing polymer, comprising polymerizing a fluorine-containing monomer in the presence of a fluorine-free compound (1) represented by general formula (1), a polymerization initiator, and an aqueous medium to produce the fluorine-containing polymer: CX1X2?CX3—R—Z??General formula (1): wherein X1, X2, and X3 are each independently H or an alkyl group; R is a single bond or an alkylene group; the total number of carbon atoms of X1, X2, X3, and R is 0 to 5; Z is —SO3M, —OSO3M, —P(?O)(OM)2, —OP(O)(OM)2, or —B(OM)2; M is H, a metal atom, NR14, optionally substituted imidazolium, optionally substituted pyridinium, or optionally substituted phosphonium; and R1 is independently H or an organic group, and any two R1 may be bonded to each other to form a ring.

Abstract: A member to be compressed for an electrochemical device obtained by crosslinking a crosslinkable composition containing a fluorine-containing elastomer containing a unit based on at least one crosslinkable group-containing monomer selected from the group consisting of a crosslinkable group-containing monomer (1) represented by the general formula (1): CX12?CF—Rf1—X2 wherein each X1 independently represents H or F, and Rf1 represents a fluorinated alkylene group or a fluorinated oxyalkylene group, and X2 represents I or Br; and a crosslinkable group-containing monomer (2) represented by the general formula (2): CX32?CX3—Z1—CX3?CX32 wherein each X3 independently represents H, F, an alkyl group or a fluorinated alkyl group, and Z1 represents an alkylene group, a fluorinated alkylene group, a cycloalkylene group, a fluorinated cycloalkylene group, an oxyalkylene group or a fluorinated oxyalkylene group.

Abstract: The present disclosure provides a method for producing a fluoropolymer, the method includes polymerizing a fluoromonomer in an aqueous medium in the presence of a polymer (1) to obtain a fluoropolymer, wherein the polymer (1) is a polymer of a monomer (1) represented by the general formula (1) below, in which the content of a dimer and a trimer of the monomer (1) is 1.0% by mass or less based on the polymer (1): CF2?CF—R—CZ1Z1-A0 ??(1) wherein R is a linking group; Z1 and Z2 are each independently F or CF3; and A0 is an anionic group.

Abstract: A method for producing a fluoropolymer, which includes: polymerizing a monomer (I) represented by the general formula (I) below in an aqueous medium substantially in the absence of a fluorine-containing surfactant (except for the monomer (I) represented by the general formula (I)) to obtain a crude composition containing a polymer of the monomer (I); removing a dimer and a trimer of the monomer (I) contained in the crude composition from the crude composition to obtain a polymer (I) in which the content of the dimer and trimer of the monomer (I) is 1.0% by mass or less based on the polymer (I); and polymerizing a fluoromonomer in an aqueous medium in the presence of the polymer (I) to obtain a fluoropolymer: CX1X3?CX2R(—CZ1Z2-A0)m??(I) wherein X1 and X3, X2, A0, R, Z1 and Z2 are as defined herein.

Abstract: A method for producing a fluorine-containing elastomer, which includes carrying out an emulsion polymerization of a fluorine-containing monomer in an aqueous medium in the presence of (A) a fluorine-containing compound containing a functional group capable of reaction by radical polymerization and a hydrophilic group and (B) a hydrocarbon surfactant to provide a fluorine-containing elastomer.

Abstract: Provided is a member to be compressed for an electrochemical device obtained by crosslinking a crosslinkable composition containing a fluorine-containing elastomer, wherein the fluorine-containing elastomer exhibits a difference ?G? (G?(100° C.)?G?(180° C.)) between the storage elastic modulus G?(100° C.) at a measurement temperature of 100° C. and the storage elastic modulus G?(180° C.) at a measurement temperature of 180° C., in the dynamic viscoelasticity test (strain amplitude: 0.5 Deg; frequency: 100 CPM) with a rubber process analyzer satisfying the following conditions: 40 kPa<?G?<175 kPa.

Abstract: A method for producing a perfluoroelastomer, which includes carrying out polymerization of a perfluoromonomer in an aqueous medium in the presence of a polymer (1) having a number average molecular weight of 0.3×104 or more to provide a perfluoroelastomer, the polymer (1) containing a polymerized unit (1) derived from a monomer represented by the following general formula (1): CX2?CY(—CZ2—O—Rf-A) ??(1) wherein X, Y, Z, Rf and A are as defined herein, with the proviso that at least one of X, Y, and Z contains a fluorine atom.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a phosphor plate including a sintered body including (Y1-x-y, Gdx, Cey)3Al5O12 particles and Al2O3 particles, in which 0.07?×?0.11 and 0.010 ?y?0.015 are satisfied, the (Y1-x-y, Gdx, Cey)3Al5O12 particles in the sintered body has an average particle diameter of 4 ?m or more and 6 ?m or less, the (Y1-x-y, Gdx, Cey)3Al5O12 particles has a concentration of 20 vol % or more and 30 vol % or less with respect to a total amount 100 vol % of the (Y1-x-y, Gdx, Cey)3Al5O12 particles and the Al2O3 particles, a ratio of an average particle diameter of the Al2O3 particles to the average particle diameter of the (Y1-x-y, Gdx, Cey)3Al5O12 particles is 1 or more and 2 or less, and the sintered body has a total thickness of 150 ?m or more and 250 ?m or less.

Abstract: A fluorine-containing elastomer including a vinylidene fluoride unit and an unsaturated ether unit selected from a unit based on a monomer (1) represented by the general formula (1): CH2?CFCF2—O—Rf1 and a unit based on a monomer (2) represented by the general formula (2): CH2?CF—O—Rf2, and having a glass transition temperature of 20° C. or lower, a crosslinkable composition including the fluorine-containing elastomer, and a molded article obtained from the fluorine-containing elastomer or the crosslinkable composition.

Abstract: A composition including a fluorine-containing polymer and a cross-linking agent, wherein the fluorine-containing polymer contains a vinylidene fluoride unit, a unit of a fluorine-containing monomer (1) represented by the following general formula (1): CHX1?CX2Rf ??(1) wherein one of X1 and X2 is H, the other is F, and Rf is a linear or branched fluoroalkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and a unit of a monomer providing a crosslinking site. The monomer providing a crosslinking site is a monomer having at least one crosslinkable group selected from a cyano group, a carboxyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group and a hydroxyl group. Also disclosed is a crosslinked rubber molded article obtained by crosslinking the composition.