Abstract: A guide plate having depressed portions is provided between an array of heat exchanger tubes, herein after “tubes”, arranged horizontally side-by-side and a next lower array of tubes arranged horizontally side-by-side, and is positioned with the lowest parts of the depressed portions near crest portions of respective lower tubes. The guide plate conveys a liquid D on outer surfaces of respective upper tubes onto similarly positioned lower tubes even when the tubes move in a right-and-left direction. A falling film heat exchanger installed in a ship, an offshore structure or the like can avoid reduction in heat exchange performance, even when the ship or the like inclines and swings, by substantially evenly distributing and dropping a liquid onto the crests of the tubes and causing the liquid dropped from the tubes located in an upper array to fall onto the tubes located in the next lower array.

Abstract: In a bubble lift system, a pressurized chamber at an upper end portion of a riser pipe applies a pressure to an upper portion inside the riser pipe to suppress an increase in the volume ratio of bubbles to a fluid mixture rising inside the riser pipe in a shallow water region. The upper end of the riser pipe is not opened to the atmosphere but is inserted into the pressurized chamber under a high pressure to thereby prevent expansion of the bubbles and gas. In addition, a deaerator for discharging bubbles separated by a centrifugal force is also provided in a middle portion of the riser pipe in a shallow water region to distribute the bubbles more evenly inside the whole riser pipe. The bubble lift system and a bubble lift method thus provided are efficient and employable even in a deep water region.

Abstract: A guide plate having depressed portions is provided between an array of heat exchanger tubes, herein after “tubes”, arranged horizontally side-by-side and a next lower array of tubes arranged horizontally side-by-side, and is positioned with the lowest parts of the depressed portions near crest portions of respective lower tubes. The guide plate conveys a liquid D on outer surfaces of respective upper tubes onto similarly positioned lower tubes even when the tubes move in a right-and-left direction. A falling film heat exchanger installed in a ship, an offshore structure or the like can avoid reduction in heat exchange performance, even when the ship or the like inclines and swings, by substantially evenly distributing and dropping a liquid onto the crests of the tubes and causing the liquid dropped from the tubes located in an upper array to fall onto the tubes located in the next lower array.

Abstract: In a bubble lift system 10, a pressurized chamber 21 is provided at an upper end portion of a riser pipe 11, and applies a pressure to an upper portion inside the riser pipe 11 to suppress an increase in the volume ratio of bubbles to a fluid mixture rising inside the riser pipe 11 in a shallow water region. In this configuration, the upper end of the riser pipe 11 is not opened to the atmosphere but is inserted into the pressurized chamber 21 under a high pressure to thereby prevent expansion of the bubbles and gas. In addition, a deaerator 14 for discharging bubbles separated by a centrifugal force is also provided in a middle portion of the riser pipe 11 in a shallow water region to thereby make the bubbles distributed more evenly inside the whole riser pipe 11. Thus, provided are the bubble lift system 10 and a bubble lift method that are efficient and employable even in a deep water region.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining at least one of a character and a destination therefor in accordance with a received signal representing at least one of a plurality of characters and at least one character corresponding to at least one of a plurality of languages. Likelihood values for at least one of plurality of characters and each of the languages are evaluated, and at least one of the plurality of characters and one of the character languages are selected in accordance with the evaluated likelihood values thereof.

Abstract: An information processing equipment providing easy operations of changing-over character species, and, in which characters can be entered without being conscious of the designation of a character mode. Signals entered from an input device are handled in conformity with all of a romaji (Roman character) input system, a kana (Japanese syllabary) input system and an alphanumeric input system. Results obtained with the respective input systems are all displayed in the predetermined part of a display screen. In the equipment, the character mode intended by a user is estimated as to the entered character string, and is automatically selected. In another aspect of performance, a controller determines whether or not a character mode likelihood decision unit and a character code translation unit are started, in accordance with the results of the comparisons between the key code string and the registered contents of a learning information buffer.

Abstract: A data processing apparatus has an input unit for entering operator data and commands, and a display unit for displaying a work area for data processing. The display unit opens a job menu window for displaying types of selectable jobs by icons at a center of a display screen when the operator needs to select a new job.

Abstract: A document creating apparatus for creating and editing a document in which a plurality of different types of descriptive element data, such as text data, graph data, pattern data, image data and other data, coexist. Plural types of edit sections are provided in correspondence with the types of data to be handled. Various types of data are edited under coordination by selecting edit sections corresponding to the types of data, respectively, while maintaining the editing function of the editing section once selected and activated so that the editing section can be selected again without losing its editing function.

Abstract: The document edition unit includes region set apparatus for setting a size of the region to a size corresponding to the print output, region attribute set apparatus for setting attribute information, region information hold apparatus, and text re-determination apparatus. The text data edition unit includes text input control apparatus. The region information hold apparatus manages the size and position of the region set by the region set apparatus in the size and at the position corresponding to those of at the time of print output, and manages the attributes set by the region attribute set apparatus so as to correspond to them. The text input control apparatus controls the arrangement to the character string at the time of text input by referring to the region information whose position on the page is fixed. When the user makes the operation which changes the input region of the text, the text re-determination apparatus re-determines the arrangement of the texts inside the page in accordance with the region.

Abstract: A central processing unit, a main memory for storing graphic or character data, an external memory, an input device for inputting the graphic or character data, a shared memory for temporarily storing the graphic or character data read by the central processing unit, a display processing means for preparing a plurality of display data displayed on a display from the graphic or character data on the shared memory, and a display memory for storing the plurality of display data are connected to a bus. The display memory, the shared memory, and the external memory have first, second and third save areas for temporarily saving the overlapped display data when the plurality of display data are overlapped. The main memory is provided with a first control table for controlling display position, mutual priority for display, and a save area during overlap, regarding each of the plurality of display data stored in the display memory.

Abstract: A document producing apparatus comprises an input unit for inputting descriptive contents such as characters or figures which contstruct a document and a format which defines a sheet size of a paper sheet used, a sheet direction of portrait or landscape in which the sheet is to be used, and a layout of the descriptive contents in each page, a storage unit for storing therein the descriptive contents and the format inputted from the input unit, a display unit for selectively displaying the contents stored in the storage unit, and an in-document layout editing unit for displaying on the display unit a layout of a plurality of pages forming the document so that page information of the respective pages are partitioned in due order from a leading page and for every predetermined number of pages and are arranged in one display image, the page information including at least the sheet size and the sheet direction stored in the storage unit.