Abstract: The present invention provides a display element capable of allowing a user to recognize the content of an image in a short time during screen rewriting, a method of driving the same, and an electronic paper including the same. At the time of image display, B and R pixels 12b(i, 1) to 12b(i, 320) and 12r(i, 1) to 12r(i, 320) in i-th rows of B and R display units 6b and 6r and G pixels 12g(241?i, 1) to 12g(241?i, 320) in a (241?i)-th row of a G display unit 6g are driven substantially at the same time.

Abstract: In a method of driving a display element, the display element has a plurality of first electrodes and a plurality of second electrodes intersecting each other in mutually opposing state, and a display medium between each of the first electrodes and each of the second electrodes. The display medium is driven by a first driver coupled with the first electrodes and a second driver coupled with the second electrodes, and one of the first and second drivers is used as a scan driver whereas the other of the first and second drivers is used as a data driver. Of the partial rewritten areas in the existing display image, the area having a smaller number of electrodes corresponding thereto is selected as the scan driver.

Abstract: The embodiment relates to a display element drive method performing write at a low speed for still image display and in particular, to a method for driving a display element using cholesteric liquid crystal (electronic paper). The display element includes a plurality of scan electrodes and data electrodes intersecting one another in the opposed state. The drive method executes an empty scan for the scan electrodes before performing an image write process. The scan electrodes are selected in a predetermined sequence and an image write process is performed. According to the drive method, it is possible to suppress a large inrush current generated immediately after the image write. Moreover, it is possible to use a cheap general-purpose driver, apply the method to a cell-less display device, and achieve power saving and a stable display quality.

Abstract: A method of driving a liquid crystal display element includes a first step for initializing a liquid crystal in a pixel and displaying an initial grayscale at the pixel and a second step for displaying a desired grayscale lower than the initial grayscale by making a cumulative time difference between low grayscales lower than a reference grayscale longer than a cumulative time difference between high grayscales higher than the reference grayscale, where the cumulative time differences are a difference between a cumulative voltage application time of voltage pulses cumulatively applied to display a grayscale lower than the initial grayscale and a cumulative voltage application time of the voltage pulses cumulatively applied to display a grayscale one level lower than the grayscale lower than the initial grayscale.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display device in which three cholesteric liquid crystal layers of selective reflection type are laminated, comprises: a first liquid crystal layer arranged on a device observation side selectively reflecting blue; a second liquid crystal layer arranged next to the first liquid crystal layer selectively reflecting green; a third liquid crystal layer arranged next to the second liquid crystal layer selectively reflecting red; and a green cut filter layer arranged between the green liquid crystal layer and the red liquid crystal layer selectively absorbing a light ray of a wavelength of 600 nm or less.

Abstract: A high-contrast reflective liquid crystal display device of a lamination type in which scattering in the focal conic state of cholesteric liquid crystal has been reduced is described. The reflective liquid crystal display device has two or more laminated liquid crystal panels respectively having a liquid crystal layer of the cholesteric liquid crystal having different selective reflection wavelengths and the liquid crystal panel having a liquid crystal layer into which the liquid crystal having a longer selective reflection wavelength has been implanted has a smaller orientation regulating force of the liquid crystal layer applied to the panel.

Abstract: A display device displaying a color by mixing light reflected by a first reflection element 22 and light reflected by a second reflection element 26 by additive color mixture, in which the light of a first wavelength reflected by the first reflection element and light of a second wavelength reflected by the second reflection element have a mutually complementary color relationship. Thus, the display device, which can make good black and white display by a simple structure and can be driven by a simple method, can be realized.

Abstract: The invention relates to a display element, an element drive method, and an information display system having the element, and has an object to provide a display element capable of stably acting even if a received electric power reduces, a method for driving the element, and an information display system having the element. The system comprises: a display section having laminated display layers; a wireless transmitting/receiving section for receiving electric waves containing the display data of the display layers; a driving voltage generating circuit for generating drive voltages to drive the display layers from the electric waves received; and a control section for simultaneously driving the display layers of the number which is determined on the basis of the receiving situations of the electric waves.

Abstract: The invention has an object to provide a liquid crystal composite capable of sufficiently reducing the scattering of light in a focal conic state, a liquid crystal display element excellent in improvements of a color balance and a contrast, and electronic paper using the same. The content of a chiral material is higher in a cholesteric liquid crystal LCg for G than in a cholesteric liquid crystal LCb for B, and is higher in a cholesteric liquid crystal LCr for R than in the cholesteric liquid crystal LCg for G. The cholesteric liquid crystal LCr for R is prepared by mixing about 5 wt % of a chiral material CHl1 of an L-form with a base liquid crystal of an R-form, which contains 27 wt % of CHr1 of the R-form exhibiting a liquid crystallizability for a nematic liquid crystal LCn, and 3 wt % of a chiral material CHr2 of the R-form exhibiting no crystallizability.

Abstract: A liquid crystal layer sandwiched by a lower substrate 1 and an upper substrate comprises cross-shaped supports, a wall surface structure, and a seal member. The supports 15 are provided at the four sides of each pixel. Contiguous pixels are linked via openings between supports. The wall surface structure is provided in the periphery of the supports arranged in the form of a grid. The supports and the wall surface structure are a same member having adhesiveness. A portion of the wall surface structure is an inlet of liquid crystal. A seal member is provided at the perimeter of the wall surface structure 17. The liquid crystal poured from the inlet is poured into all of pixels via openings. A black matrix in the form of a grid, which covers the top side of all of the supports, is provided on the upper substrate.

Abstract: A display unit having a stacked display panel is disclosed. The display unit includes a first end display panel placed at one end; a second end display panel placed at another end; and one or more internal display panels placed between the first end display panel and the second end display panel. The first end display panel includes a scan electrode terminal longer than scan electrode terminals of the internal display panels, and the second end display panel includes a scan electrode terminal longer than the scan electrode terminal of the first end display panel.

Abstract: To realize a display driver chip for an information medium having a display function adaptable to any information medium chip, the information medium having a display function includes first communication means for transmitting and receiving information to and from a reader/writer in a contactless manner, second communication means having a communication interface that is the same as that of the first communication means and receiving information from the reader/writer independently of the first communication means, and display means for displaying information received from the reader/writer by the second communication means. Thus, it is possible to mount a memory display panel without modifying the configuration of the information medium chip such as a conventional IC card chip and the same display driver chip can be used for any information medium chip.

Abstract: In a display element using cholesteric liquid crystal, to enable a high-speed partial screen rewrite, a region not to be partially rewritten is scanned in high-speed mode within the tolerance of crosstalk of the liquid crystal, and a region to be partially rewritten is partially rewritten by being scanned at a normal speed within a rewritable range with an inexpensive universal driver. As a result, a high-speed rewrite only to an arbitrary particular region can be made even with an inexpensive universal driver IC.

Abstract: In order to realize a display with a multilevel halftone that is excellent in uniformity by using a liquid crystal display element employing an inexpensive and general purpose driver having a low voltage endurance, a pulse application employing a cumulative response (overwriting) of liquid crystals is performed a plurality of times, the driving voltage and the pulse width are set to be variable for each step, and the liquid crystals are controlled to be in a prescribed halftone state by using a region having a large margin from a reflection state as the initial state. Since an increase in drive voltage is prevented, an inexpensive binary output general purpose driver having a low voltage endurance can be used. Furthermore, a display with a multilevel halftone that is excellent in uniformity is realized because of a gray level conversion that uses a region having a large margin.

Abstract: A liquid crystal display element according to the present invention includes one or more sets of combinations of a pair of substrates, a liquid crystal layer composed of a liquid crystal composition indicating a cholesteric phase and disposed between the pair of substrates, and at least one layer of insulating thin film to insulate the liquid crystal layer from an electrode, wherein: the insulating thin film has an electrostatic capacity of not more than 10 ?F; the liquid crystal layer has a layer thickness in the range of 2 to 5 ?m; and the liquid crystal composition has a dielectric anisotropy in the range of 20 to 50. The present invention can realize at least one of lowered driving voltage, enlarged operating temperature range, decrease in electric power consumption and wide display maintaining temperature range, in a liquid crystal display element having a semi-permanent display maintaining function (memory function).

Abstract: A segment block 61, which is formed into a shape like the numeral eight (“8”) constituted by seven segments 63, is connected to the adjacent segment block 61 by way of liquid crystal injection paths 62, each of which has a key-type S-shaped structure. Within the segment block 61, two pairs of segments 63 each consisting of one left and one right segment and which are located on the opposing upper and lower sides, are mutually connected by way of liquid crystal injection paths 64, each of which has a key-type S-shaped structure, and three segments 63 located at the upper, middle and lower parts are respectively connected to the liquid crystal injection paths 64 by way of linearly structured liquid crystal injection paths 65 that are vertically branched respectively from the liquid crystal injection paths 64.

Abstract: A display device comprising an electrode 12, an electrode 16 and a liquid crystal layer 18 which is formed between the electrode 12 and the electrode 16 and change a display state corresponding to a voltage applied between the electrode 12 and the electrode 16, the display device further comprises a piezoelectric element 24 for producing a drive voltage signal which abruptly increases up to a prescribed voltage value and then gradually attenuates, a phase difference generating circuit 26 which, from the drive voltage signal produced by the piezoelectric element 24, generates and outputs a first voltage signal and a second voltage signal having a phase difference from the first voltage signal. The first voltage signal is applied to the electrode 12, and the second voltage signal is applied to the electrode 16. Thus, the orientation state of the chiral nematic liquid crystal can be changed without using an expensive electric power source.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image processing method using the error diffusion method to prevent jumps in a highlight part and darkening in a shadow part at high resolution. The image processing method comprises a step of calculating an average value of density values of N×M (N, M>1) pixels, a step of adding the average value and a diffused quantization error value, a step of quantizing the addition result with a predetermined number of tones, a step of selecting a quantization pattern corresponding to the quantization result, and a step of calculating the diffused quantization error value from the quantization error. The error diffusion algorithm has flexibility in outputting dots. In other words, error diffusion processing is performed in N×M pixel units, and a plurality of quantization patterns are provided, and a quantization pattern is selected based on the quantization result.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an image processing method, an image processing apparatus and a recording medium that convert a grey scale image into an area gradation image. The present invention intends to provide an image processing method, an image processing apparatus and a recording medium capable of increasing processing speed in a state where high image quality is maintained. In the image processing method and the image processing apparatus according to the present invention, image data of a C component and image data of an M component in grey scale image data are converted into halftone image data in accordance with an error diffusion method, and image data of a Y component are converted into halftone image data in accordance with a blue noise mask method.

Abstract: It is an object of the present invention to improve mechanical durability of a portable display device using cholesteric liquid crystal with a memory function such as a non-contact IC card. A display element comprising two substrates 1 which oppose each other and a display portion (liquid crystal) 2 which is sandwiched by the substrates 1, comprises a wall structure 3 bearing a substrate on portions other than the display portion 2, in which the wall is perpendicular to the substrate 1 and a surface perpendicular to the wall is adhered to the substrate 1. Further, in the above display element, an area of the surface which is adhered to the substrate 1 is larger than an area of a surface of the display portion 2 which faces the substrate 1.