Abstract: An image forming apparatus according to the present invention includes an image bearing member, and a charging member for forming a nip with the image bearing member thereby charging the image bearing member, wherein conductive particles are provided in the nip, wherein a time factor a represented by a following equation satisfies a condition &agr;>15:

Abstract: An image recording apparatus for recording image data from an external apparatus is provided, which receives the image data as an image signal from the external apparatus, records the received image signal, and outputs a characteristic signal regarding a recording characteristic of the recording apparatus to the external apparatus.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image forming section, a density detecting device, and a controller. The controller varies density target values set in accordance with the conditions for image forming on a recording material by the image forming section on the basis of the change in the density characteristics of a plurality of pattern images detected by the density detecting device.

Abstract: A process cartridge removably mountable on a body of an image forming apparatus, includes an electrophotographic photosensitive member, a process device acting on the electrophotographic photosensitive member, and a memory storing therein information regarding the process cartridge. It is characterized in that the memory itself stores therein the frequency of writing of information into the memory.

Abstract: An output apparatus capable of receiving multi-level dot information of a first recording dot density, generating multi-level dot information of a second recording dot density, and transmitting the thus-generated second dot information in a visible way. The output apparatus comprises: a receiving device capable of receiving multi-level dot information of a first recording dot density; a generating device capable of generating multi-level interpolation dot information by applying a predetermined calculation to the thus-received multi-level dot information; and a dot density conversion device capable of generating multi-level dot information of a second, higher recording dot density from said interpolation dot information and the received multi-level dot information, whereby high density image data can be generated from low density image data.

Abstract: An output apparatus capable of receiving multi-level dot information of a first recording dot density, generating multi-level dot information of a second recording dot density, and transmitting the thus-generated second dot information in a visible way. The output apparatus comprises: a receiving device capable of receiving multi-level dot information of a first recording dot density; a generating device capable of generating multi-level interpolation dot information by applying a predetermined calculation to the thus-received multi-level dot information; and a dot density conversion device capable of generating multi-level dot information of second higher recording dot density from said interpolation dot information and the received multi-level dot information, whereby high density image data can be generated from low density image data.

Abstract: An image recording apparatus for recording image data from an external apparatus is provided, which receives the image data as an image signal from the external apparatus, records the received image signal, and outputs a characteristic signal regarding a recording characteristic of the recording apparatus to the external apparatus.

Abstract: An image recording apparatus for recording image data from an external apparatus receives the image data as an image signal from the external apparatus, records the received image signal, and outputs a characteristic signal regarding a recording characteristic of the recording apparatus to the external apparatus.

Abstract: A developing device includes a developer container for accommodating one component magnetic toner; a rotatable toner carrying member, faced to an image bearing member for bearing an electrostatic image to form a developing zone therebetween, for carrying the toner in the container; a magnet member in the toner carrying member; a regulating member, elastically urged to the toner carrying member to form a nip therebetween, for regulating a toner layer thickness on the toner carrying member; wherein the magnet member has a magnetic pole, upstream of the nip with respect to a movement direction of the toner carrying member, for supplying the toner in the container to the toner carrying member, and wherein the magnet member does not generate a magnetic field effective for chain erection of the toner in a range from an upstream end of the nip to a downstream end of the developing zone.

Abstract: A charging member for charging a member to be charged includes a base member: a surface elastic member supported by the base member, the elastic member comprises a foamed member and a coating layer covering the foamed member; wherein a surface of the charging member has an Asker-C hardness of not more than 55 degrees and an international rubber hardness (IRHD) of not more than 80 degrees.

Abstract: A data processing apparatus includes an image data generating section for generating image data, and an interpolation image data forming section for forming and outputting interpolation image data based on the image data generated by the image data generating section. The interpolation image data forming section includes a memory for storing the image data generated by the image data generating section.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus which converts character or pattern information into bit map information (pixel information) and forms an image based thereon. The image forming apparatus includes a light-beam generator for generating a modulated light beam, a light-beam deflector for scanning an image carrier, a device for feeding a sheet to registration rollers and a driver for driving the image carrier. A time period is provided to operate the light-beam deflector and the feeding device before the driver starts to drive the image carrier to form an image.

Abstract: A developing apparatus includes a developer carrying member for carrying developer, opposed to an image bearing member for bearing an electrostatic image; a regulating member for regulating an amount of the developer to be applied on the developer carrying member; and electric field generator for generating an oscillating electric field between the developer carrying member and the regulating member; wherein the amount of the developer to be applied on the developer carrying member is regulated to no less than 0.6 mg/cm.sup.2 and no more than 1.5 mg/cm.sup.2 by the regulating member.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a image bearing member having a photosensitive layer, a surface protection layer having fluorine resin material; a charging member contactable to the image bearing member to electrically charge the image bearing member, the charging member is capable of being supplied with an oscillation voltage, and wherein a peak-to-peak voltage of the oscillating voltage applied across a gap between a surface of the charging member and the surface of the image bearing member, is not less than twice a charge starting voltage of the image bearing member in the gap and not more than 1600 volt.

Abstract: A magnetic toner has magnetic toner particles containing a binder resin and a magnetic material, and an inorganic fine powder treated with an organic compound. The magnetic toner has a volume average particle diameter D.sub.v (.mu.m) of 3 .mu.m.ltoreq.D.sub.v <6 .mu.m, a weight average particle diameter D.sub.4 (.mu.m) of 3.5 .mu.m.ltoreq.D.sub.4 <6.5 .mu.m, a percentage M.sub.r of particles with particle diameters of 5 .mu.m or smaller in number particle size distribution of the magnetic toner, of 60% by number<M.sub.r .ltoreq.90% by number, and the ratio of a percentage N.sub.r of particles with particle diameters of 3.17 .mu.m or smaller in number particle size distribution of the magnetic toner to a percentage N.sub.v of particles with particle diameters of 3.17 .mu.m or smaller in volume particle size distribution of the magnetic toner, N.sub.r /N.sub.v, of from 2.0 to 8.0.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image bearing member for bearing an electrostatic image; a developer carrying member, opposed to the image bearing member, for carrying a one component developer which is charged to a predetermined polarity by friction between the developer and the developer carrying member; an electric field generating device for generating, between the image bearing member and developer carrying member, an electric field for developing the electrostatic image on the image bearing member with a reverse development method; a regulating member for regulating an amount of the developer on the developer carrying member; and a voltage applying device for applying to the regulating member, a voltage having a polarity opposite the predetermined polarity.

Abstract: An image forming device suitable for use in a laser beam printer includes an image forming unit for forming an image on a photoconductor, and a reproduction unit for reproducing a high density image and a halftone image on the photoconductor. A detector then detects the density of the high density image and the halftone image formed on the photoconductor. A controller controls an image forming condition of the image forming unit based on a detection result by the detector.

Abstract: A developing apparatus includes a developer carrying member for carrying developer, an elastic blade press-contacted to the developer carrying member to regulate a layer of developer formed on the developer carrying member, where the elastic blade comprises an electrically conductive layer, and a high resistance layer located at the developer carrying member side of the conductive layer, and an electric field generating device for forming an oscillating electric field between the developer carrying member and the conductive layer, wherein a maximum intensity of the electric field is not less than 10.sup.6 V/m.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes a feeder means and a recorder. The feeder feeds a sheet of recording paper to a predetermined position in response to a spare paper feed signal instructing the feeding of the sheet of recording paper to the predetermined position preliminarily, and then feeds the sheet of recording paper being stopped at the predetermined position again in response to a record request signal. The recorder records an image on the sheet of recording paper fed by the feeder means through an electrophotographic process. The recorder means starts preparation to execute the electrophotographic process upon receiving the spare paper feed signal. As a result throughput is increased without causing other problems.

Abstract: A multivalued input recording signal is subjected to pulse-width modulation at a time unit shorter than the period of a clock signal within the period of the recording signal. Alternatively, the multivalued input recording signal is converted into a plurality of different signals each of whose length of time is shorter than a clock signal within the period of the recording signal, thereby performing pulse-width modulation in accordance with a predetermined weighting. This makes it possible to obtain a highly toned recording signal without raising the frequency of the clock signal. Further, density tone data is generated in dependence upon inputted multivalued pixel data, and control is performed using both the irradiation time and emission intensity of a light beam based on the generated density tone data. An image is formed by irradiating a photosensitive body with the controlled light beam.