Abstract: Problem To provide a process for producing single-walled carbon nanotubes with which highly pure, high-quality single-walled carbon nanotubes can be produced with high efficiency, and to provide a transparent conductive film using the single-walled carbon nanotubes obtained by that production method. Solution A process for producing single-walled carbon nanotubes by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), wherein particles of a nonmetallic material containing 500 ppm or lower of metallic impurities including metals and compounds thereof are used as growth nuclei; and after a growth gas is introduced into a furnace used for growing carbon nanotubes, the growth gas used in an initial stage of growth of carbon nanotubes and the growth gas used in a stage of growth of regular carbon nanotubes (stationary growth stage) thereafter are prepared to different compositions and different partial pressures.

Abstract: Problem To provide a process for producing single-walled carbon nanotubes with which highly pure, high-quality single-walled carbon nanotubes can be produced with high efficiency, and to provide a transparent conductive film using the single-walled carbon nanotubes obtained by that production method. Solution A process for producing single-walled carbon nanotubes by chemical vapor deposition (CVD), wherein particles of a nonmetallic material containing 500 ppm or lower of metallic impurities including metals and compounds thereof are used as growth nuclei; and after a growth gas is introduced into a furnace used for growing carbon nanotubes, the growth gas used in an initial stage of growth of carbon nanotubes and the growth gas used in a stage of growth of regular carbon nanotubes (stationary growth stage) thereafter are prepared to different compositions and different partial pressures.

Abstract: To provide reduction in size of an igniter device and a gas generator by enhancing strength of a plug under high temperature and thereby reducing thickness of the plug, and to surely prevent electrode pins being burst forth from the plug. An igniter device comprising a resistance heating element, gunpowder to be ignited by heat generation of the resistance heating element, electrode pins connected to the resistance heating element, and a plug for holding the electrode pins, wherein material of the plug is a thermosetting resin. A gas generator comprising a cup packed with gas generant to generate gas by burning, an igniter device arranged in an interior of the cup, and a holder for holding the igniter device and the cup, wherein the holder has insertion holes for allowing the electrode pins to extend through them, respectively.

Abstract: An object of the present invention is to provide a polyamide resin composition from which the solvent is easily removed during film formation and which gives a film or adhesive layer reduced in residual solvent content. It is suitable for use especially as vanish. The composition and vanish are characterized by comprising as essential ingredients a phenolic hydroxyl group-having aromatic polyamide resin and a cycloalkanone as a solvent and preferably further containing a curable resin.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a composition for protective films excellent in adhesion and visible light transmittance that can form a protective film having high surface smoothness even on a substrate whose surface has not been smoothed and has extremely high resistance to thermal yellowing without staining liquid crystals. Especially, when used for protective films of color filters for liquid-crystal displays, the protective films have the excellent high-temperature resistance under ITO (yellowing resistance) vapor deposition.

Abstract: The present invention is intended to provide cured articles which has excellent heat resistance and excellent flexibility, excellent adhesion, excellent dielectric properties and excellent toughness suitable laminates, metal foil-clad laminates, insulating materials for build-up substrates, flexible printed wiring boards, materials for flexible printed wiring boards, etc.

Abstract: Provided is a black sealant for liquid crystal cell comprising (a) an epoxy resin, (b) a novolac resin, (c) a curing accelerator and (d) a titanium-type black pigment. The use of the black sealant for liquid crystal cell of the present invention can provide a liquid crystal cell which prevents light leakage of the liquid crystal cell from the sealed portion, which has a high electrical insulation property and which is excellent in an adhesion strength and a humidity resistance.

Abstract: The present invention provides a polyolefin resin-based marking composition capable of developing a vivid color in dark brown to black on irradiation with laser beams, moldings of the composition, and a laser marking method. The marking composition comprises a polyolefin resin-based marking composition containing from 0.005% by weight to less than 0.5% by weight of a silicon compound based on the polyolefin resin.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a laser marking article having two or more layers of thin films on the surface thereof, wherein one of the layers other than the outermost layer is a thin film made of a laser marking ground composition containing a laser beam-absorbing whitish inorganic compound powder and a binder as essential ingredients, and to a laser marking method comprising irradiating said laser marking article with a laser beam.According to the present invention, a vivid white-colored mark can be formed on the surface of an article even in case of low-energy laser irradiation or even in case of high-speed marking.

Abstract: A marking composition comprising an energy ray curing resin, a leuco dye and a color developer both of which are low in solubility in toluene, which composition is capable of forming a vivid black color on irradiation with laser beams, and a laser marking method for forming a clear-cut black-colored mark by using the above composition.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a marking composition capable of developing a vivid white color upon the application of laser beams, which composition comprises a polyolefin resin having no fluidity at a temperature of 50.degree. C. and at least one inorganic material selected from talc, calcium carbonate and aluminum hydroxide, wherein the inorganic material is blended in a ratio of 1-300 w/w % based upon the polyolefin resin. The invention also provides the resin moldings obtained by molding the marking compositions.

Abstract: This invention relates to a laser marking method which comprises heating a base article having on its surface a thin film of a laser marking composition containing a color former and a color developer having a melting point of 200.degree. C. or above, and then applying laser light to the thin film. The method of this invention is capable of no-break marking with vivid color development by application of laser light, without causing discoloration of the ground even under a condition of 120.degree. C. or above.

Abstract: This invention relates to a laser marking method which comprises coating a laser marking composition containing as essential components a color former, a color developer and an inorganic compound having the absorption peak on the infrared absorption spectrum in the region of 900-1,000 cm.sup.-1 on a substrate to form a color developing layer, and irradiating laser light to the color developing layer; the laser marking composition; and articles having a color developing layer made of the laser marking composition. The method of this invention is capable of forming a mark with vivid color development even when the color developing layer is a thin film of less than 5 .mu.m in thickness or when marking is carried out at high speed.

Abstract: A toner for electrophotographic process which comprises the compound represented by the following formula (1). ##STR1## The compound acts as a charge control agent in the toner and is good in compatability with a binder and the toners prepared using it are excellent in specific chargeability and good in charge durability due to moisture resistance.

Abstract: A phenolic compound represented by the formula: ##STR1## a process for producing it and a recording material comprising a support bearing a heat- or pressure-sensitive color-forming layer containing the phenolic compound and a leuco dye.