Abstract: A multilayer hard film-coated cutting tool including a cutting tool body and a multilayer hard film formed on a surface of the cutting tool body, wherein the multilayer hard film comprises at least an upper layer and a lower layer; the upper layer is made of a Ti and Si compound layer; the lower layer is made of a multi-layered film of an A-layer and a B-layer, a layer thickness of the B-layer is equal to or thicker than a layer thickness of the A-layer, a ratio of the layer thicknesses of the A-layer and the B-layer being A-layer:B-layer=1:1 to 1:2, the multilayer hard films having 2 to 8 pairs of the A-layer and the B-layer in a case where a single pair is defined by a combination of a single A-layer and a single B-layer.

Abstract: Provided is a surface-coated cutting tool including: a tool body (3) and a hard coating layer on the tool body (3). The hard coating layer has an alternate laminate structure of A (1) and B layers (2). The A layer (1) is a Ti and Al complex nitride layer satisfying a compositional formula: (Ti1-zAlz)N, 0.4?z?0.7. The B layer (2) is a Cr, Al and M complex nitride layer satisfying a compositional formula: (Cr1-x-yAlxMy)N, 0.03?x?0.4 and 0?y?0.05. The value of a ratio tB/tA of the average layer thickness of the B layer (2) to the average layer thickness of the A layer (1) satisfies 0.67 to 2.0. The lattice constant a(?) of crystal grains of the hard coating layer satisfies 4.10?a?4.20. The ratio of I(200) to I(111) satisfies 2.0?I(200)/I(111)?10.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a surface-coated cubic boron nitride sintered material tool including a cBN substrate and a hard coating layer formed on a surface of the cBN substrate and having an alternate laminated structure of A layer and B layer. The cBN substrate (sintered material) includes: a Ti compound, WC, AlN, TiB2, Al2O3, and cBN. The A layer has a composition of (Ti1-xAlx)N (0.4?x?0.7 in terms of atomic ratio). The B layer has a composition of (Cr1-y-zAlyMz)N (0.03?y?0.4 and 0?z?0.05 in terms of atomic ratio). A plastic deformation work ratio of the B layer is 0.35 to 0.50.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a surface-coated cubic boron nitride sintered material tool including a cBN substrate and a hard coating layer formed on a surface of the cBN substrate and having an alternate laminated structure of A layer and B layer. A peak of the grain size distribution of cBN grains in the cBN sintered material is present within a range of a grain size from 0.50 to 1.00 ?m. The A layer has a composition of (Ti1-xAlx)N (0.4?x?0.7 in an atomic ratio). The B layer has a composition of (Cr1-y-zAlyMz)N (0.03?y?0.6 and 0?z?0.05 in an atomic ratio). An X-ray diffraction peak of a (200) plane is present at a position of a diffraction angle of 43.6 plus or minus 0.1 degrees, and a plastic deformation work ratio of the B layer is 0.35 to 0.50.

Abstract: In a surface-coated cutting tool, a hard coating includes one or more layers. At least one layer thereof is a hard coating layer composed of a complex nitride or carbonitride layer of Al, Cr, and Si and satisfying (Al1-x-yCrxSiy)(CzN1-z) where x, y and z are atomic ratios and satisfy 0.1?x?0.4, 0.01?y?0.2, and 0?z?0.3, respectively. The hard coating layer contains particles including: less than 10 atomic % of non-metal components selected from C and N; and metal components selected from Cr, Al and Si. In the cross-section perpendicular to the tool body surface, the number ratio of oblate particles with an Al content of 50 atomic % or less, a long diameter of less than 0.5 ?m, and an aspect ratio of 2.0 or more is 90% or more with respect to the total number of the particles.

Abstract: In a surface-coated cutting tool, an A layer made of an (Al1-xTix)N layer (0.35?x?0.6 by an atom ratio) and a B layer made of a (Al1-y-zTiySiz)N layer (0.35?y?0.6 and 0.01?z?0.1 by an atom ratio) are layered on a surface of a tool body in which at least a cutting edge is made of a cBN sintered body. A layer thickness ratio of the A layer and the B layer (tB/tA) is 2 to 5, an X-ray diffraction intensity ratio I(200)/I(111) as the entire hard coating layer is more than 3 and 12 or less, a full width at half maximum of a peak of I(200) is 0.3 to 1.0, the IA(200)/IA(111) of the A layer is 2 to 10, and a full width at half maximum of the peak of the IA(200) is 0.3 to 1.0.

Abstract: This surface-coated cutting tool includes a cutting tool body made of tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide and a hard coating layer deposited on a surface of the cutting tool body, in which the hard coating layer has at least one (Ti1-xAlx)N layer (0.4?X?0.7, X is an atomic ratio) with an average layer thickness of 0.5 to 10 ?m, the (Ti, Al)N layer has a cubic crystal structure, and Ia?Ib<5 is satisfied when Ia (%) is an average absorptance of the hard coating layer at a wavelength of 400 to 500 nm and Ib (%) is an average absorptance of the hard coating layer at a wavelength of 600 to 700 nm.

Abstract: A multilayer hard film-coated cutting tool including a cutting tool body and a multilayer hard film formed on a surface of the cutting tool body, wherein the multilayer hard film comprises at least an upper layer and a lower layer; the upper layer is made of a Ti and Si compound layer; the lower layer is made of a multi-layered film of an A-layer and a B-layer, a layer thickness of the B-layer is equal to or thicker than a layer thickness of the A-layer, a ratio of the layer thicknesses of the A-layer and the B-layer being A-layer:B-layer=1:1 to 1:2, the multilayer hard films having 2 to 8 pairs of the A-layer and the B-layer in a case where a single pair is defined by a combination of a single A-layer and a single B-layer.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a surface-coated cubic boron nitride sintered material tool including a cBN substrate and a hard coating layer formed on a surface of the cBN substrate and having an alternate laminated structure of A layer and B layer. A peak of the grain size distribution of cBN grains in the cBN sintered material is present within a range of a grain size from 0.50 to 1.00 ?m. The A layer has a composition of (Ti1-xAlx)N (0.4?x?0.7 in an atomic ratio). The B layer has a composition of (Cr1-y-zAlyMz)N (0.03?y?0.6 and 0?z?0.05 in an atomic ratio). An X-ray diffraction peak of a (200) plane is present at a position of a diffraction angle of 43.6 plus or minus 0.1 degrees, and a plastic deformation work ratio of the B layer is 0.35 to 0.50.

Abstract: Provided is a surface-coated cutting tool including: a tool body (3) and a hard coating layer on the tool body (3). The hard coating layer has an alternate laminate structure of A (1) and B layers (2). The A layer (1) is a Ti and Al complex nitride layer satisfying a compositional formula: (Ti1-zAlz)N, 0.4?z?0.7. The B layer (2) is a Cr, Al and M complex nitride layer satisfying a compositional formula: (Cr1-x-yAlxMy)N, 0.03?x?0.4 and 0?y?0.05. The value of a ratio tB/tA of the average layer thickness of the B layer (2) to the average layer thickness of the A layer (1) satisfies 0.67 to 2.0. The lattice constant a(?) of crystal grains of the hard coating layer satisfies 4.10?a?4.20. The ratio of I(200) to I(111) satisfies 2.0?I(200)/I(111)?10.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a surface-coated cubic boron nitride sintered material tool including a cBN substrate and a hard coating layer formed on a surface of the cBN substrate and having an alternate laminated structure of A layer and B layer. The cBN substrate (sintered material) includes: a Ti compound, WC, AlN, TiB2, Al2O3, and cBN. The A layer has a composition of (Ti1-xAlx)N (0.4?x?0.7 in terms of atomic ratio). The B layer has a composition of (Cr1-y-zAlyMz)N (0.03?y?0.4 and 0?z?0.05 in terms of atomic ratio). A plastic deformation work ratio of the B layer is 0.35 to 0.50.

Abstract: In a surface-coated cutting tool, a hard coating includes one or more layers. At least one layer thereof is a hard coating layer composed of a complex nitride or carbonitride layer of Al, Cr, and Si and satisfying (Al1-x-yCrxSiy)(CzN1-z) where x, y and z are atomic ratios and satisfy 0.1?x?0.4, 0.01?y?0.2, and 0?z?0.3, respectively. The hard coating layer contains particles including: less than 10 atomic % of non-metal components selected from C and N; and metal components selected from Cr, Al and Si. In the cross-section perpendicular to the tool body surface, the number ratio of oblate particles with an Al content of 50 atomic % or less, a long diameter of less than 0.5 ?m, and an aspect ratio of 2.0 or more is 90% or more with respect to the total number of the particles.

Abstract: This surface-coated cutting tool includes a cutting tool body made of tungsten carbide-based cemented carbide and a hard coating layer deposited on a surface of the cutting tool body, in which the hard coating layer has at least one (Ti1-xAlx)N layer (0.4?X?0.7, X is an atomic ratio) with an average layer thickness of 0.5 to 10 ?m, the (Ti, Al)N layer has a cubic crystal structure, and Ia?Ib<5 is satisfied when Ia (%) is an average absorptance of the hard coating layer at a wavelength of 400 to 500 nm and Ib (%) is an average absorptance of the hard coating layer at a wavelength of 600 to 700 nm.

Abstract: In a surface-coated cutting tool, an A layer made of an (Al1-xTix)N layer (0.35?x?0.6 by an atom ratio) and a B layer made of a (Al1-y-zTiySiz)N layer (0.35?y?0.6 and 0.01?z?0.1 by an atom ratio) are layered on a surface of a tool body in which at least a cutting edge is made of a cBN sintered body. A layer thickness ratio of the A layer and the B layer (tB/tA) is 2 to 5, an X-ray diffraction intensity ratio I(200)/I(111) as the entire hard coating layer is more than 3 and 12 or less, a full width at half maximum of a peak of I(200) is 0.3 to 1.0, the IA(200)/IA(111) of the A layer is 2 to 10, and a full width at half maximum of the peak of the IA(200) is 0.3 to 1.0.

Abstract: A surface-coated cutting tool includes a hard coating layer vapor-deposited on a surface of a tool body, in which a composition of the hard coating layer is expressed by a composition formula of (AlxTi1-x)N (0.5?x?0.8), the average layer thickness of the hard coating layer is 0.5 ?m to 7.0 ?m, the hard coating layer is formed of crystal grains having an average grain size of 5 nm to 50 nm, the hard coating layer have a mixed structure including cubic crystal grains having a rock-salt structure, and hexagonal crystal grains having a wurtzite structure, and {200} planes of the cubic crystal grains and {11-20} planes of the hexagonal crystal grains are oriented so as to be perpendicular to the surface of the tool body.

Abstract: A surface-coated cutting tool includes a hard coating layer vapor-deposited on a surface of a tool body, in which a composition of the hard coating layer is expressed by a composition formula of (AlxTi1-x)N(0.5?x?0.8), the average layer thickness of the hard coating layer is 0.5 ?m to 7.0 ?m, the hard coating layer is formed of crystal grains having an average grain size of 5 nm to 50 nm, the hard coating layer have a mixed structure including cubic crystal grains having a rock-salt structure, and hexagonal crystal grains having a wurtzite structure, and {200} planes of the cubic crystal grains and {11-20} planes of the hexagonal crystal grains are oriented so as to be perpendicular to the surface of the tool body.

Abstract: A nonlinear optical conversion device includes a nonlinear crystal having entrance and exit surfaces allowing input and output laser beams to propagate in the phase-matching plane for a desired nonlinear generation process. The nonlinear generation process involves a nonlinear interaction in the nonlinear crystal and resultant conversion of power in one or two input beams into power in the output beam. The nonlinear crystal is characterized by absorption and resultant modification of the crystal properties by the power in the output beam, the modification with the potential for reducing the efficiency of the nonlinear process in the crystal, and the nonlinear process involving critical phase-matching in the nonlinear crystal in which the powers in the output beam and input beam or beams propagate in different directions through the process of Poynting vector walk-off. The input beam or beams are of a sufficiently small beam dimension in the phase-matching plane.

Abstract: Single-crystal lithium tetraborate (single-crystal Li.sub.2 B.sub.4 O.sub.7 or single-crystal LBO) as an optical converter device which stably operates for a long term, has a long life, and is compact, light and inexpensive, an optical converter device using the single crystal LBO, especially, for emitting light having a wavelength of 500 nm or less, and an optical apparatus using the optical converter device. Coherent light irradiates the light incident face of the single-crystal LBO at a predetermined incident angle, which single-crystal LBO is cut at a predetermined plane to the optical axis in order to satisfy a predetermined phase matching angle, and light having a half wavelength of the incident light is emitted. Preferably, the single-crystal LBO has a refractive index variation of 10.sup.-5 /mm or less and/or a etch-pit density of approximately 1.times.10.sup.3 /cm.sup.2.