Abstract: A ceramic member having a high density, small grain diameter, and excellent plasma resistance is provided. The ceramic member is constituted of a fine structure composed of fine grains, which is a ceramic member comprising an yttria as a main component and obtained through firing, wherein the ceramic member has an open porosity, as determined through a measurement by the Archimedes method, of less than 0.5%. By diminishing open voids, sites which is an origin of plasma erosion can be diminished. Thus, a ceramic member having excellent plasma resistance can be provided. By inhibiting abnormal grain growth to form a ceramic member constituted of stall grains, particle contamination by dusting can be reduced. Thus, plasma resistance and preventing particulate contamination can be improved.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for constructing a 3-dimensional image of the internal organs invisible by the conventional method is provided.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide a rare-earth oxide sintered body having low sintering temperature and high density. A boron compound is added at a ratio of 0.06 mol % or more and less than 25 mol % when converted into boron oxide (B2O3) to oxide powder of at least one of La, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, and Sc, the mixed powder is formed and sintered.

Abstract: Novel nondestructive analysis method and nondestructive analysis device capable of providing a high-contrast image within an object easily and in one go by setting, when an object (2) is irradiated with homogenous, parallel X-rays (1) to beam a refraction X-ray (3) from the object (2) onto a transmitting crystal analysis element (4a), and the refraction X-ray (3) is separated spectrally into a front-direction refraction X-ray (41a) and a refraction-direction refraction X-ray (42a) by the dynamic refracting action of the transmitting crystal analysis element (4a), the thickness of the transmitting crystal analysis element (4a) to such one that, when no object is present, the intensity of either one of the front-direction refraction X-ray (41a) and the refraction-direction refraction X-ray (42a) is almost zero in comparison with the intensity of the other at the intensity of an X-ray little affected by a directly beamed X-ray.

Abstract: A sanitary ware comprises a sanitary ware body and a surface glaze layer provided on the sanitary ware body. The surface glaze layer has a center line average roughness Ra of less than 0.07 &mgr;m as measured with a stylus type surface roughness tester according to JIS B 0651-1996.

Abstract: A sanitary ware comprises a sanitary ware body and a surface glaze layer provided on the sanitary ware body. The surface glaze layer has a center line average roughness Ra of less than 0.07 &mgr;m as measured with a stylus type surface roughness tester according to JIS B 0651-1996.

Abstract: Sanitary wares having a controlled surface are disclosed which are less likely to be stained or soiled and/or possess excellent gloss. The first sanitary ware comprises a sanitary ware body and a surface glaze layer provided on the sanitary ware body, wherein the surface glaze layer has a center line average roughness Ra of less than 0.07 &mgr;m. This sanitary ware is advantageous in that stains or soils are much less likely to be adhered to the surface thereof and, even when adhered to the surface thereof, can be removed by a weak water stream. The second sanitary ware comprises a sanitary ware body and a surface glaze layer provided on the sanitary ware body, wherein the surface glaze layer has a kurtosis Rku of less than 2.70. This sanitary ware advantageously possesses excellent surface gloss.

Abstract: Disclosed is a sanitary ware which has a self-cleaning function for releasing carboxyl-containing greasy stains or soils, such as fatty acids, fatty esters, metallic soaps (scum of soaps), proteins, amino acids, bacteria, and fungi, and deposited stains or soils, such as water scale and urinary calculi. This sanitary ware comprises at least a sanitary ware body and a glaze layer as an outermost layer of the sanitary ware, a monovalent metal component and/or a metal component having a measure of the electronegativity based on Pouling's rule of not more than 1 being provided so as to be releasable evenly and continuously, over the whole surface of the glaze layer as the outermost layer, in such an amount large enough to impart a self-cleaning function for releasing stains or soils to the surface of the glaze layer as the outermost layer, the metal component being suppliable from the glaze layer as the outermost layer and/or the sanitary ware body to the whole surface of the outermost layer.

Abstract: A foamed phenolic molding composed of a core made of a kraft paper honey comb structure consisting of plate and corrugate members impregnated with a phenolic resin; and expandable phenolic composites laminated to said core, wherein the expandable phenolic composites are made of a matted fiber material formed in the shape of a plate to which phenolic resin is bonded to at least one thereof. The expandable phenolic composites and core are molded such that the expandable phenolic material fills the cells of the kraft paper honey comb structure. The molding has excellent thermal insulation and sound insulating properties as well as high strength as compared to conventional cores without sacrificing to the lightweight characteristics and workability of the quadratic surfaces.

Abstract: A process for the preparation of a fiberboard, including the steps of:providing a fiber layer or mat;forming at least one layer of expandable phenol resin particles over and/or under the surfaces of the fiber layer; andhot pressing the resulting superimposed layers to allow the expandable phenol resin particles to expand and to fill the void space within the fiber layer and to consolidate the fiber layer.