Abstract: A location identification system (1) of the present invention includes a plurality of lighting apparatuses (50a1), . . . , (50c3) installed above a plurality of products displayed inside a room, a search apparatus (20) configured to allow a customer to search for and designate the product, and a management apparatus (10) capable of communicating with the plurality of lighting apparatuses (50a1), . . . , (50c3) and the search apparatus (20). The search apparatus (20) transmits identification information of a target product that is designated by the customer to the management apparatus (10). The management apparatus (10) changes, in a case where the identification information of the target product is received from the search apparatus (20), an emission color of a lighting apparatus (50a1), . . . , (50c3) associated with the target product to a pre-specified emission color.

Abstract: A gradation control system includes a device for deriving 2**n decoded data from lower n bits expressing a gradation per dot, a device for grouping the 2**n decoded data with respect to a plurality of dots, to produce 2**n first bit planes, a device for giving to an element a signal of pattern corresponding to each of the first bit planes for a time obtained by adding a time that depends on a decoded value of each of the first bit planes, to an initializing time, a device for grouping, per bit weight, respective bits excluding the lower n bits that express the gradation per dot, to produce a second bit plane, and a device for giving to the element a signal of pattern corresponding to the second bit plane for a time that depends on a weight of the second bit plane.

Abstract: [Problems] To provide to provide a method of issuing tickets with face picture thereon from a data terminal, which can issue tickets with face picture thereon with a simple equipment and quickly, and manages customer data including face picture data to permit simple customer's identify confirmation.

Abstract: A gradation control system includes means for deriving 2n decoded data from lower n bits expressing a gradation per dot, means for grouping the 2n decoded data with respect to a plurality of dots, to produce 2n first bit planes, means for giving to an element a signal of pattern corresponding to each of the first bit planes for a time obtained by adding a time that depends on a decoded value of each of the first bit planes, to an initializing time, means for grouping, per bit weight, respective bits excluding the lower n bits that express the gradation per dot, to produce a second bit plane, and means for giving to the element a signal of pattern corresponding to the second bit plane for a time that depends on a weight of the second bit plane.

Abstract: A thermal printer has a thermal head in which a FET is connected in series to an individual heater element of each of heater element groups which are connected in parallel with each other, and to which one capacitor for smoothing a power and eliminating a noise is connected in parallel relative to the heater element group. The thermal head performs printing on a thermal paper. The thermal printer includes a printing power source circuit, a failure detection power source circuit, a failure detection circuit for detecting a presence and absence of the failure of the heater element by comparing a voltage generated at opposite ends of the detecting resistor with a threshold value.