Abstract: A dial-type manipulator is used to manipulate devices mounted on an automobile, such as an air-conditioner, an audio system or a navigation system. The dial-type manipulator includes a first gear formed on an outer periphery of a dial member and a second gear engaging with the first gear. A detector such as a rotary resistor is driven by the second gear to detect a rotational position of the dial member. A position holder for holding the first gear at a predetermined reference position is provided in the manipulator. A confirmation mark such as a groove or a rib mark is formed on the front surface of the second gear. The confirmation mark is visible from a front side of the manipulator at a position along an outer periphery of a dial member when the dial member is rotated and held at the reference position, if the first gear engages with the second gear at a predetermined correct position. If the gears are not correctly engaged, the confirmation mark is located at other positions.

Abstract: A dial-type manipulator is used to manipulate devices mounted on an automobile, such as an air-conditioner, an audio system or a navigation system. The dial-type manipulator includes a first gear formed on an outer periphery of a dial member and a second gear engaging with the first gear. A detector such as a rotary resistor is driven by the second gear to detect a rotational position of the dial member. A position holder for holding the first gear at a predetermined reference position is provided in the manipulator. A confirmation mark such as a groove or a rib mark is formed on the front surface of the second gear. The confirmation mark is visible from a front side of the manipulator at a position along an outer periphery of a dial member when the dial member is rotated and held at the reference position, if the first gear engages with the second gear at a predetermined correct position. If the gears are not correctly engaged, the confirmation mark is located at other positions.

Abstract: A signal processing system employs a triangular signal generator for generating an alternating polarity triangular signal having a positive and negative peak level which is variable depending upon the pulse period of a rectangular pulse signal. A direct current voltage signal is generated to have a voltage level proportional to the amplitude of the triangular signal.