Abstract: A cleaning device, a process cartridge, and an image forming apparatus including an antifriction agent coating part and a toner removing part. The antifriction agent coating part coats a solid antifriction agent on the surface of an image support body, and is disposed in an upstream side from a cleaning blade with respect to a rotational direction of the image support body. The toner removing part removes toner particles, and is disposed in an upstream side from the antifriction agent coating part with respect to the rotational direction of the image support body and a portion of the toner removing part is positioned below a portion of the antifriction agent coating part in a vertical direction perpendicular to the ground.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, including an image bearing member, a charging device, an irradiating device, a developing device, a cleaning device, a transfer device, and a fixing device. The fixing device includes an endless belt having an elastic layer, a plurality of rotation bodies located inside the endless belt, and a pressing rotation body located outside the endless belt. The pressing rotation body forms a nip portion with the endless belt while sandwiching the endless belt with one of the plurality of the rotation bodies to fix the toner image on the recording material. The nipping time is from 35 to 70 ms, at least one of the pressing rotation body and the rotation body has an elastic layer having a rubber hardness of from 20 to 40 Hs, and the toner has a weight average particle diameter of from 2 to 5 ?m.

Abstract: The present invention provides an image-forming apparatus containing an image bearing member, a latent electrostatic image forming unit, a developing unit, in which the developing unit contains an image developing unit, a developer supplying unit, and a developer container, the mass abundance ratio of the toner to the carrier is 80:20 to 95:5 in the developer container, the developer container contains a flexible pouched member which reduces its volume by reducing the internal pressure and a developer outlet to discharge the developer contained therein, the developer satisfies a relation of formula (1) where A denotes a percentage of voids calculated from a tap density of the toner and B denotes a degree of fluidity (sec/50g) of the developer at a toner coverage ratio of the carrier being 50%: A?0.01×B?0.2??(1).

Abstract: A toner composition including toner particles including at least a binder resin; and a colorant, wherein the toner composition satisfies at least one of the following relationships (1) and (2): B?14 when 155<A?180; and B?0.6A?79 when 145?A?155,??(1) wherein A represents a shape factor SF-1 of the toner composition and B represents a content of toner particles having a particle diameter not greater than 3 ?m; and B?14 when 0.920?A??0.950; and B?394?400A? when 0.950<A??0.965??(2) wherein A? represents an average circularity of the toner composition and B represents a content of toner particles having a particle diameter not greater than 3 ?m.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including an image bearing member, a charging member, and a measuring member. The image forming member is configured to bear an image. The charging member is configured to charge a surface of the image bearing member when a direct current bias voltage is added to at least an alternating bias voltage which is applied to the charging member, and has a frequency fc of the alternating bias voltage. The measuring member is configured to measure a potential of the surface of the image bearing member, and has a drive frequency fvsen. The relationship of the frequency fc and the drive frequency fvsen is expressed as fc?fvsen×n and fc×n?fvsen.

Abstract: There is provided a cleaning device for an image-forming device configured so as to be capable of preventing the image quality from deteriorating by being able to prevent the deterioration of the charging state caused by deposits of foreign matter without increasing costs. There is also provided a cleaning member that can make contact with the cleaning target-members. The cleaning member has a portion composed of melamine resin foam for making contact with at least the cleaning target members, and the melamine resin foam has an Asker F hardness of 5 to 25 points and a hardness variation of 5 points or less, and is used on the cleaning target members in a state obtained by heat compression from the original shape. The pressing member is furthermore disposed in contact with the cleaning member.

Abstract: Provided is an electrostatic image developing toner excellent in blocking resistance at high temperature and humidity, as well as in low temperature-fixing property, having a polyester resin toner binder. Provided is the electrostatic image developing toner containing at least one noncrystalline polyester resin and a crystalline polyester resin, wherein the polyester resins are formed in the presence of at least one titanium-containing catalyst expressed in the following Formulas: Ti(—X)m(—OH)n O?Ti(—X)p(—OR)q where X is a residue resulting from removing an H atom in one hydroxyl group from (poly)alkanolamine having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, R represents an H atom or an alkyl group that has 1 to 8 carbon atoms and may contain 1 to 3 ether bonds, m, n, p, and q are integers; m, n, p, and q are 1-4, 0-3, 1-2, 0-1, respectively; and the sum of m and n, and p and q are 4 and 2, respectively.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including an image bearing member; a charger; a light irradiator; a developing device; a transfer device; an image bearing member's cleaner; and a fixing device, wherein the fixing device includes a fixing member configured to fix a toner image upon application of heat and pressure thereto; a pressing member configured to press the recording material toward the fixing member; and a cleaning member configured to clean a surface of the fixing member and/or the pressing member, wherein the cleaning member has an outermost layer including a reactive material which increases viscoelasticity of a binder resin of the toner by reacting with the binder resin.

Abstract: A toner composition including toner particles including at least a binder resin; and a colorant, wherein the toner composition satisfies at least one of the following relationships (1) and (2): B?14 when 155<A?180; and B?0.6A?79 when 145?A?155,??(1) wherein A represents a shape factor SF-1 of the toner composition and B represents a content of toner particles having a particle diameter not greater than 3 ?m; and B?14 when 0.920?A??0.950; and B?394?400A? when 0.950<A??0.965??(2) wherein A? represents an average circularity of the toner composition and B represents a content of toner particles having a particle diameter not greater than 3 ?m.

Abstract: A toner which includes a toner material, wherein the toner satisfies the following formula: 0° C.??Tm?20° C. where ?Tm represents Tma (° C.)?Tmb (° C.), Tma (° C.) is ½ flown-out temperature of the toner by a capillary type flow tester, and Tmb (° C.) is ½ flown-out temperature of a melt kneaded mixture of the toner by the capillary type flow tester, and wherein Tma is from 130° C. to 200° C.

Abstract: A toner for developing an electrostatic image which has a small particle size essential for attaining a high-quality image, and can output a high-quality image excellent in frictional charging property and free from scumming. The toner for developing an electrostatic image has the volume average particle diameter of 2.0 ?m to 7.1 ?m and the surface condition of the toner is in scab form.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including an image bearing member; a charger; a light irradiator; a developing device; a transfer device; an imagebearingmember's cleaner; and a fixing device, wherein the fixing device includes a fixing member configured to fix a toner image upon application of heat and pressure thereto; a pressing member configured to press the recording material toward the fixing member; and a cleaning member configured to clean a surface of the fixing member and/or the pressing member, wherein the cleaning member has an outermost layer including a reactive material which increases viscoelasticity of a binder resin of the toner by reacting with the binder resin.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including an image bearing member, a charging device, an irradiating device, a developing device, a transfer device, a fixing device, and a cleaning device, wherein the image bearing member includes a substrate on which a photosensitive layer and a cross-linked surface layer are accumulated and the cross-linked surface layer comprises a cross-linked material formed by curing a monomer having at least three radical polymerizable function groups without a charge transport structure and a radical polymerizable compound having a charge transport structure by a photo-energy irradiation device, wherein the toner has a volume average particle diameter of from 1 to 5 ?m and an average circularity of from 0.95 to 0.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an image carrier, a charging unit that charges the image carrier, a latent image forming unit that forms a latent image on the image carrier, a developing unit that develops the latent image to form a toner image, a transferring unit that transfers the toner image to a recording medium, a cleaning unit that cleans toner remaining on the image carrier, a lubricant applying unit that applies a solid lubricant to a surface of the image carrier, and a detecting unit that detects whether the image carrier is brand new. The toner has an average roundness of 0.94 or more. The lubricant applying unit is operated when the detecting unit detects that the image carrier is brand new.

Abstract: A toner is provided that contains a binder resin; a colorant; a release agent; and an external additive, wherein the toner has an average circularity of from 0.940 to 0.965 and a crater having a depth of from 0.02 to 0.1 ?m, and wherein the crater has an amount of the external additive larger than an average amount thereof on the toner, along with a two-component developer containing the toner and an image forming apparatus using the toner.

Abstract: A dry toner contains fine particles having average sphericity of 0.93 to 0.99, a content of the fine particles having a particle diameter of 2 ?m or less in the dry toner is 20% by number or less. A method for manufacturing a dry toner includes a process for dispersing in an aqueous medium containing water and a water-soluble organic solvent, a toner composition contained in an organic solvent by using fine solid dispersing agent; and a process for contracting volume of the dispersed toner composition. Further, the image forming apparatus having a photoconductor; a charger for charging the photoconductor; a light irradiator for irradiating the electrophotographic photoconductor to form a latent electrostatic image; a developer for developing the latent electrostatic image to form a developed image; and a transfer for transferring the developed image to a recording material, and the developer contains the dry toner abovementioned.

Abstract: A lubricant supplying device including a molded lubricant having a Martens hardness of about 40 N/mm2 to about 70 N/mm2 measured with a test force of 50 mN and a load-applying period of 30 seconds, a rotative member including a fibrous brush of a thickness of about 5 deniers to about 15 deniers in a circumference of a rotative supporting axis of the rotative member with a density of about 20,000 fibers to about 100,000 fibers per square inch, and configured to apply lubricant shavings of the molded lubricant to an image bearing member held in contact with a cleaning member and to remove the lubricant shavings remaining on the surface of the image bearing member, and a pressing member configured to press the molded lubricant against the rotative member at a pressure force ranging from about 2 N/m to about 12 N/m.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including a latent image bearing member, a charger, a latent image forming device, a developing device, a surface moving member, a transfer device, a cleaner having a cleaning blade and an irradiating device configured to discharge the latent image bearing member. This developing device is configured to develop images with a toner having a circularity not less than 0.94. The irradiating device is disposed on the upstream from the cleaner relative to the rotation direction of the latent image bearing member.

Abstract: A toner composition including toner particles including a binder resin including a modified polyester resin, and a second resin having a weight average molecular weight of from 2,000 to 10,000; a colorant; a release agent; and a particulate material which is present at least a surface portion of the toner particles while embedded into the surface portion, wherein the binder resin has a glass transition temperature not lower than 35° C. and lower than 55° C., and wherein the particulate material has an average particle diameter of from 0.002 to 0.2 times that of the toner particles. A developer including the toner composition and a carrier having a layer thereon which includes at least an acrylic resin and a silicone resin, and a method for fixing an image of the toner composition are also provided.

Abstract: A toner for developing a latent electrostatic image including a base of toner particle which contains a binder resin and a coloring agent, and an external additive. Herein, a plurality of the base of toner particle has a volume average particle diameter (Dv) of 3 ?m to 7 ?m, a ratio (Dv/Dn) of the volume average particle diameter (Dv) to a number average particle diameter (Dn) is 1.01 to 1.25, a plurality of the base of toner particle contains 15% by number or less of the base of toner particle having a particle diameter of 0.6 ?m to 2.0 ?m, a plurality of the base of toner particle has a circularity of 0.930 to 0.990 on average, the binder resin contains a modified polyester resin, and the toner contains 0.3 parts by weight to 5.0 parts by weight of the external additive, relative to 100 parts by weight of the base of toner particle.