Abstract: Provided is a two-stroke internal combustion engine, including: a fuel injection valve configured to supply a fuel to a crank chamber; an intake passage configured to allow only air to be sucked thereinto under a negative pressure generated when a piston is actuated; and a scavenging passage that allows communication between the crank chamber and a combustion chamber. The intake passage is branched into a first intake passage and a second intake passage. The first intake passage communicates with the crank chamber. The second intake passage communicates with the scavenging passage. The fuel injection valve is configured to inject the fuel toward at least one of the first intake passage or the crank chamber. Further, air stagnant in the scavenging passage at end of air suction serves as leading air to contribute to scavenging.

Abstract: Provided is a two-stroke internal combustion engine, including: a fuel injection valve configured to supply a fuel to a crank chamber; an intake passage configured to allow only air to be sucked thereinto under a negative pressure generated when a piston is actuated; and a scavenging passage that allows communication between the crank chamber and a combustion chamber. The intake passage is branched into a first intake passage and a second intake passage. The first intake passage communicates with the crank chamber. The second intake passage communicates with the scavenging passage. The fuel injection valve is configured to inject the fuel toward at least one of the first intake passage or the crank chamber. Further, air stagnant in the scavenging passage at end of air suction serves as leading air to contribute to scavenging.

Abstract: A method of attaching a tissue substitute artificial fiber cloth where a fabric is attached to a cable body of a connecting cable for an auxiliary artificial heart such that the fabric covers a surface of the cable body, includes: a wrapping step of wrapping the fabric around the surface of the cable body such that the fabric extends along a longitudinal direction of the cable body, wherein long sides of the fabric have at least a length between an inlet portion of a body and a blood pump and short sides of the fabric have a length longer than a circumferential length of the cable body; an overlapping step of overlapping respective left and right marginal portions formed on long sides of the fabric; and a welding step of welding root portions of the marginal portions on a cable body side along the longitudinal direction of the cable body.

Abstract: A blood pump includes: a base body; a casing fitted on the base body; a blood supply mechanism housed in a pump chamber surrounded by the base body and the casing; and a drive element for supplying energy to the blood supply mechanism. The base body has: an approximately horizontal surface including a first contact surface which is brought into contact with a second contact surface; a first engaging portion; and a base body stepped portion. The casing has: a second engaging portion; and a casing edge portion. The second engaging portion engages with the first engaging portion. A welded mark which connects the casing edge portion and the base body stepped portion to each other is formed at least at two portions which are separated from each other. The second contact surface of the casing is pressed so as to be brought into contact with the first contact surface.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display device includes a display element including a pair of first and second substrates which are opposed to each other, and a microcapsule enclosing a display material changed in optical characteristics in response to an electric impulse, the microcapsule being sandwiched between the first and second substrates; and a protective film sealing the display element. In the display device, a first electrode is provided on the surface of the first substrate which faces the second substrate, a second electrode is provided on the surface of the second substrate which faces the first substrate, and a spacer is provided in the space between the periphery of the facing surface of the first substrate and the first electrode.

Abstract: A driving method of an electrophoretic display device, including a pair of substrates with an electrophoretic element which is interposed between the substrates and contains electrophoretic particles, a plurality of pixel electrodes formed at an electrophoretic element side of either one substrate of the pair of substrates, and a common electrode which opposes to the plurality of pixel electrodes and is formed at an electrophoretic element side of the other substrate, includes an image display step of inputting potentials, which are determined according to image data, to the plurality of pixel electrodes and a predetermined potential to the common electrode and displaying an image according to the image data by driving the electrophoretic element, and an image maintaining step of causing the plurality of pixel electrodes and the common electrode to have the same potential after the image display step.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display device includes a display element including a pair of first and second substrates which are opposed to each other, and a microcapsule enclosing a display material changed in optical characteristics in response to an electric impulse, the microcapsule being sandwiched between the first and second substrates; and a protective film sealing the display element. In the display device, a first electrode is provided on the surface of the first substrate which faces the second substrate, a second electrode is provided on the surface of the second substrate which faces the first substrate, and a spacer is provided in the space between the periphery of the facing surface of the first substrate and the first electrode.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display device includes a display element including a pair of first and second substrates which are opposed to each other, and a microcapsule enclosing a display material changed in optical characteristics in response to an electric impulse, the microcapsule being sandwiched between the first and second substrates; and a protective film sealing the display element. In the display device, a first electrode is provided on the surface of the first substrate which faces the second substrate, a second electrode is provided on the surface of the second substrate which faces the first substrate, and a spacer is provided in the space between the periphery of the facing surface of the first substrate and the first electrode.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display device includes a display element including a pair of first and second substrates which are opposed to each other, and a microcapsule enclosing a display material changed in optical characteristics in response to an electric impulse, the microcapsule being sandwiched between the first and second substrates; and a protective film sealing the display element. In the display device, a first electrode is provided on the surface of the first substrate which faces the second substrate, a second electrode is provided on the surface of the second substrate which faces the first substrate, and a spacer is provided in the space between the periphery of the facing surface of the first substrate and the first electrode.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display device includes a display element including a pair of first and second substrates which are opposed to each other, and a microcapsule enclosing a display material changed in optical characteristics in response to an electric impulse, the microcapsule being sandwiched between the first and second substrates; and a protective film sealing the display element. In the display device, a first electrode is provided on the surface of the first substrate which faces the second substrate, a second electrode is provided on the surface of the second substrate which faces the first substrate, and a spacer is provided in the space between the periphery of the facing surface of the first substrate and the first electrode.

Abstract: There is provided a method of driving an electrophoretic display device including an electrophoretic element which contains electrophoretic particles and is interposed between first and second substrates, a first electrode which is formed on the first substrate close to the electrophoretic element, and a second electrode which is formed on the second substrate close to the electrophoretic element. The method includes: detecting ambient temperature every predetermined period, and agitating the electrophoretic particles by applying a voltage to the electrophoretic element on the basis of at least one of a variation of the ambient temperature from a predetermined reference temperature and a maintenance period of the ambient temperature equal to or higher than a predetermined value.

Abstract: A display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and microcapsules sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate, the microcapsules constituting a display area, the microcapsules encapsulating a display material whose optical properties change in response to electrical stimulation. A conductive material for conducting between the substrates is provided between the first substrate and the second substrate to constitute a vertically conducting portion. The thickness of the conductive material is set such that the distance between the first substrate and the second substrate at the vertically conducting portion is larger than the distance between the first substrate and the second substrate in the display area.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display device includes; a first substrate having a plurality of pixel electrodes in a display region thereof; and an electrophoretic sheet that includes a second substrate on which a common electrode, an electrophoretic layer, and an adhesive layer are laminated. The electrophoretic sheet is bonded to the display region of the first substrate via the adhesive layer. The distance between neighboring pixel electrodes among the plurality of pixel electrodes is 5 ?m or more.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display device includes a display element including a pair of first and second substrates which are opposed to each other, and a microcapsule enclosing a display material changed in optical characteristics in response to an electric impulse, the microcapsule being sandwiched between the first and second substrates; and a protective film sealing the display element. In the display device, a first electrode is provided on the surface of the first substrate which faces the second substrate, a second electrode is provided on the surface of the second substrate which faces the first substrate, and a spacer is provided in the space between the periphery of the facing surface of the first substrate and the first electrode.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display device includes a display element including a pair of first and second substrates which are opposed to each other, and a microcapsule enclosing a display material changed in optical characteristics in response to an electric impulse, the microcapsule being sandwiched between the first and second substrates; and a protective film sealing the display element. In the display device, a first electrode is provided on the surface of the first substrate which faces the second substrate, a second electrode is provided on the surface of the second substrate which faces the first substrate, and a spacer is provided in the space between the periphery of the facing surface of the first substrate and the first electrode.

Abstract: An electro-optical device includes a pair of substrates arranged so as to face each other, an electro-optical material layer interposed between the pair of substrates, a through hole penetrating through the pair of substrates and the electro-optical material, and a encapsulating member disposed in the through hole for sealing the electro-optical material layer while being disposed between the pair of substrates, in which the encapsulating member is disposed closer to the electro-optical material layer than an outer surface of a display substrate of the pair of substrates and outside an entrance portion of the through hole, in a plan view, the entrance portion being on an outer surface side of the display substrate.

Abstract: A driving method of an electrophoretic display device, including a pair of substrates with an electrophoretic element which is interposed between the substrates and contains electrophoretic particles, a plurality of pixel electrodes formed at an electrophoretic element side of either one substrate of the pair of substrates, and a common electrode which opposes to the plurality of pixel electrodes and is formed at an electrophoretic element side of the other substrate, includes an image display step of inputting potentials, which are determined according to image data, to the plurality of pixel electrodes and a predetermined potential to the common electrode and displaying an image according to the image data by driving the electrophoretic element, and an image maintaining step of causing the plurality of pixel electrodes and the common electrode to have the same potential after the image display step.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display device includes; a first substrate having a plurality of pixel electrodes in a display region thereof; and an electrophoretic sheet that includes a second substrate on which a common electrode, an electrophoretic layer, and an adhesive layer are laminated. The electrophoretic sheet is bonded to the display region of the first substrate via the adhesive layer. The distance between neighboring pixel electrodes among the plurality of pixel electrodes is 5 ?m or more.

Abstract: An electrophoretic display device includes a display element including a pair of first and second substrates which are opposed to each other, and a microcapsule enclosing a display material changed in optical characteristics in response to an electric impulse, the microcapsule being sandwiched between the first and second substrates; and a protective film sealing the display element. In the display device, a first electrode is provided on the surface of the first substrate which faces the second substrate, a second electrode is provided on the surface of the second substrate which faces the first substrate, and a spacer is provided in the space between the periphery of the facing surface of the first substrate and the first electrode.

Abstract: A display device includes a first substrate, a second substrate, and microcapsules sandwiched between the first substrate and the second substrate, the microcapsules constituting a display area, the microcapsules encapsulating a display material whose optical properties change in response to electrical stimulation. A conductive material for conducting between the substrates is provided between the first substrate and the second substrate to constitute a vertically conducting portion. The thickness of the conductive material is set such that the distance between the first substrate and the second substrate at the vertically conducting portion is larger than the distance between the first substrate and the second substrate in the display area.