Abstract: The invention provides a process for producing a crayon having a desired hardness stably without poor gelation using a benzylidene sorbitol gelling agent together with the use of carbon black as a black pigment. The process comprises: dissolving and dispersing a resin component and carbon black having a pH of not less than 5.0 in an organic solvent, dissolving at least one gelling agent selected from the group consisting of dibenzylidene sorbitol, tribenzylidene sorbitol and derivatives thereof in the resultant under heating to prepare a raw material solution, pouring the raw material solution into a molding container, and cooling and gelling the raw material solution.

Abstract: If the pair state of a certain volume pair in one copy group is a fault state which has changed due to occurrence of a fault in the volume pair, then a write holding state is set for the copy group, and after setting the write holding state, the pair states of all the other volume pairs belonging to the copy group are set to a copy halt state. When setting the write holding state, and when executing setting of the copy halt setting state, commands from an open host are not necessary.

Abstract: The invention provides a process for producing a crayon without poor gelation using a benzylidene sorbitol gelling agent together with the use of carbon black as a black pigment. The process comprises dissolving and dispersing carbon black and a resin component in an organic solvent, dissolving at least one gelling agent selected from the group consisting of dibenzylidene sorbitol, tribenzylidene sorbitol and derivatives thereof in the resultant under heating, pouring the obtained raw material solution into a molding container, and then cooling and solidifying the solution, wherein carbon black having an average particle diameter of primary particles of 20 to 100 nm is used as the carbon black.

Abstract: The image forming apparatus includes a transfer device, an applying circuit, a computation circuit, and a controller. The applying circuit applies transfer bias voltage to the transfer device. The computation circuit derives relational expressions (a linear expression and a quadratic expression) according to control signal value calculating zones (a linear-expression and a quadratic-expression computing zones). Each relational expression shows relationship between the control signal value (PWM_Duty) for the applying circuit and the transfer current It generated by the transfer bias voltage. The control signal value calculating zones are divided by a preset control signal value (computation changing Duty). Then, the computation circuit calculates a target control signal value that corresponds to a target transfer current value using the derived expressions and according to the calculating zone.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus can include an image carrier, a transfer device, and an applying circuit, and a controller. The image carrier carries a developer image developed by developer. The transfer device transfers the developer image to a recording media. The applying circuit has an active device and applies a transfer bias voltage to the transfer device. The controller controls the applying circuit with a predetermined control signal during a start-up mode of the applying circuit and during a normal mode of the applying circuit. The normal mode is subsequent to the start-up mode. During the start-up mode of the applying circuit, the controller controls a value (a duty ratio) of the control signal (a PWM signal) with gradual increase and with interposing an interval period (?2) between the gradual increase. A value of the control signal in the interval period does not activate the active device.

Abstract: The invention provides a crayon having excellent feel when writing while having high gel hardness. The crayon comprises a colorant, a gelling agent, an organic solvent and a resin component, wherein the gelling agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of dibenzylidene sorbitol, tribenzylidene sorbitol and derivatives thereof, and the resin component comprises a combination of polyvinyl butyral resin having an average degree of polymerization of less than 350 and polyvinyl butyral resin having an average degree of polymerization of 350 or more.

Abstract: The invention provides a photostorage solid drawing medium comprising a solvent, a resin soluble in the solvent, a photostorage pigment and a gelling agent, wherein the photostorage pigment comprises a long afterglow fluorescent substance comprising an alkaline earth aluminosilicate as a matrix activated with a rare earth element wherein the alkaline earth element is at least one selected from the group consisting of strontium, calcium, magnesium and barium. The solvent used is a polar solvent, particularly a mixture of water and a water-soluble organic solvent, or at least one alcoholic solvent selected from the group consisting of glycols, glycol ethers, glycol ether esters and monovalent alcohols.

Abstract: A storage system 300a that has a volume, manages the volume as a plurality of logical volumes, and can operate as a plurality of logical storage systems having at least one logical volume. The storage system comprises an IO transmission-reception unit 1320a that communicates with a management computer 100, a host computer 200, and a storage system 300b and a processor 1310a that causes the IO transmission-reception unit 1320a to perform transmission to the management computer 100 and storage system 300b by using an identifier of the storage system 300a as an identifier indicating a representative logical storage system that is one predetermined logical storage system from among a plurality of the logical storage system when the storage system operates as a plurality of the logical storage systems.

Abstract: Provided is a remote copy system capable of guaranteeing the time ordering of data to be handled by a remote site even when the tasks at the remote site are operated across a plurality of storages or a plurality of volume groups. A consistency group consisting of a secondary journal volume and a replica is associated with a journal group consisting of a primary data volume, a primary journal volume, a secondary journal volume, and a secondary data volume. Upon backing up a secondary data volume and forming a replica, the host system issues a backup time reservation command to a storage apparatus, and the storage apparatus creates a replica by comparing the time stamp added to the journal data and the backup reservation time.

Abstract: The invention is a copy processing technique in a data processing system, which can simultaneously achieve long-distance communication and no data loss when disaster occurs. Among a production site, a local site, and a remote site, long-distance remote copying from a disk array device at the production site to a disk array device at the remote site without data loss is achieved via a disk array device at the local site in combination with synchronous remote copying and asynchronous remote copying. Also, in the disk array devices at the local site and the remote site, copying is performed through a replica function. Even if the production site is affected by disaster, tasks can be continued at the local site having the same data as that of the production site and at the remote site a long distance away from the production site.

Abstract: A fuel oil supply nozzle includes a cylindrical discharge pipe and an anchor spring mounted on an outer circumference surface of the discharge pipe. The anchor spring is a spring wire in a spiral shape in a state in which a contact portion having a width and formed on one side in the direction of an axis is situated inside, and is mounted on the discharge pipe in a state in which the contact portion is pit into close contact with the outer circumference surface of the discharge pipe by a contracting force reducing the inside diameter of the spring.

Abstract: The invention is a copy processing technique in a data processing system, which can simultaneously achieve long-distance communication and no data loss when disaster occurs. Among a production site, a local site, and a remote site, long-distance remote copying from a disk array device at the production site to a disk array device at the remote site without data loss is achieved via a disk array device at the local site in combination with synchronous remote copying and asynchronous remote copying. Also, in the disk array devices at the local site and the remote site, copying is performed through a replica function. Even if the production site is affected by disaster, tasks can be continued at the local site having the same data as that of the production site and at the remote site a long distance away from the production site.

Abstract: The present invention provides a storage system and a method of controlling the storage system, in which a second site rapidly resumes system process when a first site is damaged. The storage system comprises a first site including a first storage device, a second site including a second storage device, and a third site including a third storage device, and the method of controlling the storage system comprises a step of making a logical volume of the second storage device consistent with a logical volume of the first storage device by remotely copying only the differential data between the logical volume of the first storage device and the logical volume of the second storage device from a logical volume of the third storage device to the logical volume of the second storage device when the first site is damaged.

Abstract: The present invention provides a storage system and a method of controlling the storage system, in which a second site rapidly resumes system process when a first site is damaged. The storage system comprises a first site including a first storage device, a second site including a second storage device, and a third site including a third storage device, and the method of controlling the storage system comprises a step of making a logical volume of the second storage device consistent with a logical volume of the first storage device by remotely copying only the differential data between the logical volume of the first storage device and the logical volume of the second storage device from a logical volume of the third storage device to the logical volume of the second storage device when the first site is damaged.

Abstract: If the pair state of a certain volume pair in one copy group is a fault state which has changed due to occurrence of a fault in the volume pair, then a write holding state is set for the copy group, and after setting the write holding state, the pair states of all the other volume pairs belonging to the copy group are set to a copy halt state. When setting the write holding state, and when executing setting of the copy halt setting state, commands from an open host are not necessary.

Abstract: The present invention provides a storage system and a method of controlling the storage system, in which a second site rapidly resumes system process when a first site is damaged. The storage system comprises a first site including a first storage device, a second site including a second storage device, and a third site including a third storage device, and the method of controlling the storage system comprises a step of making a logical volume of the second storage device consistent with a logical volume of the first storage device by remotely copying only the differential data between the logical volume of the first storage device and the logical volume of the second storage device from a logical volume of the third storage device to the logical volume of the second storage device when the first site is damaged.

Abstract: When plural copy groups including pairs exist, remote copying for pairs belonging to copy groups is suspended selectively on a copy group-to-copy group basis, instead of suspending remote copying in all the copy groups at once. A computer system has a host computer, plural first storage systems comprising plural first logical disks, and plural second storage systems comprising plural second logical disks. A first logical disk and a second logical disk paired with the first logical disk, and each pair belongs to either a first copy group or a second copy group. To selectively suspend remote copying on a copy group-to-copy group basis, one of the copy groups is specified first and then pairs belonging to this copy group are designated. The first storage systems comprising first logical disks of the designated pairs suspend remote copy processing for the designated pairs.

Abstract: The present invention provides a storage system and a method of controlling the storage system, in which a second site rapidly resumes system process when a first site is damaged. The storage system comprises a first site including a first storage device, a second site including a second storage device, and a third site including a third storage device, and the method of controlling the storage system comprises a step of making a logical volume of the second storage device consistent with a logical volume of the first storage device by remotely copying only the differential data between the logical volume of the first storage device and the logical volume of the second storage device from a logical volume of the third storage device to the logical volume of the second storage device when the first site is damaged.

Abstract: The present invention provides a storage system and a method of controlling the storage system, in which a second site rapidly resumes system process when a first site is damaged. The storage system comprises a first site including a first storage device, a second site including a second storage device, and a third site including a third storage device, and the method of controlling the storage system comprises a step of making a logical volume of the second storage device consistent with a logical volume of the first storage device by remotely copying only the differential data between the logical volume of the first storage device and the logical volume of the second storage device from a logical volume of the third storage device to the logical volume of the second storage device when the first site is damaged.

Abstract: The present invention provides a storage system and a method of controlling the storage system, in which a second site rapidly resumes system process when a first site is damaged. The storage system comprises a first site including a first storage device, a second site including a second storage device, and a third site including a third storage device, and the method of controlling the storage system comprises a step of making a logical volume of the second storage device consistent with a logical volume of the first storage device by remotely copying only the differential data between the logical volume of the first storage device and the logical volume of the second storage device from a logical volume of the third storage device to the logical volume of the second storage device when the first site is damaged.