Abstract: A metal-air battery (1) includes a tubular positive electrode (2) centered on a predetermined central axis (J1), a negative electrode (3) opposing an inner side surface of the positive electrode, and an electrolyte layer (4) disposed between the negative electrode and the positive electrode. The positive electrode includes a positive electrode conductive layer (21), a positive electrode catalyst layer (22), and a positive electrode current collector (24). The positive electrode catalyst layer is formed on the outer side surface of the tubular positive electrode conductive layer centered on the central axis and has lower electrical conductivity than the positive electrode conductive layer. The positive electrode current collector is formed on an area of the outer side surface of the positive electrode conductive layer where the positive electrode catalyst layer does not exist, to be in direct contact with the outer side surface.

Abstract: A positive electrode of a metal-air secondary battery includes a conductive layer having electrical conductivity, and a catalyst layer laminated on the conductive layer. Particles of different types of perovskite oxides, namely a first perovskite-type oxide and a second perovskite-type oxide, are dispersed in the catalyst layer. The first perovskite-type oxide has an average particle diameter greater than or equal to 2 micrometers and less than or equal to 9 micrometers, and the second perovskite-type oxide has an average particle diameter greater than or equal to 0.10 micrometers and less than or equal to 1.0 micrometers. This composition improves battery performance while maintaining a certain level of strength of the catalyst layer.

Abstract: In a metal-air battery (1), an interconnector (24) formed of ceramic having alkali resistance is provided on the surface of a porous positive electrode layer (2) on the side opposite to the surface that is in contact with an electrolyte layer (4). A liquid repellent layer (29) having liquid repellency to an electrolyte solution is further provided on the surface of the positive electrode layer (2) on which the interconnector (24) is formed, and covers this surface along with the interconnector (24). The metal-air battery (1) using an alkaline electrolyte solution can thus easily prevent leakage of the electrolyte solution by the interconnector (24) and the liquid repellent layer (29) while suppressing degradation of the interconnector (24).

Abstract: A metal-air battery (1) includes a tubular positive electrode (2) centered on a predetermined central axis (J1), a negative electrode (3) opposing an inner side surface of the positive electrode, and an electrolyte layer (4) disposed between the negative electrode and the positive electrode. The positive electrode includes a positive electrode conductive layer (21), a positive electrode catalyst layer (22), and a positive electrode current collector (24). The positive electrode catalyst layer is formed on the outer side surface of the tubular positive electrode conductive layer centered on the central axis and has lower electrical conductivity than the positive electrode conductive layer. The positive electrode current collector is formed on an area of the outer side surface of the positive electrode conductive layer where the positive electrode catalyst layer does not exist, to be in direct contact with the outer side surface.

Abstract: The carbon dioxide membrane separation system in a coal gasification process contains introduction of a mixed gas of hydrogen (H2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) in a high temperature and high pressure condition generated through water gas shift reaction from a water gas shift reaction furnace, while maintaining the temperature and pressure condition, to a zeolite membrane module containing a zeolite membrane for removing carbon dioxide, thereby removing carbon dioxide and generating a fuel gas rich in hydrogen. The fuel gas rich in hydrogen in a high temperature and high pressure condition discharged from the zeolite membrane module is fed to a gas turbine of the power generation facility while maintaining the temperature and pressure condition.

Abstract: A metal-air battery (1) includes a tubular positive electrode (2), a negative electrode (3) opposing an inner side surface of the positive electrode (2), and an electrolyte layer (4) disposed between the negative electrode (3) and the positive electrode (2). The positive electrode (2) includes a porous positive electrode main body (21) that is made of conductive ceramic and serves as a tubular supporter, and a separator (41) that is a porous film made of ceramic having insulating properties is formed on the inner side surface of the positive electrode main body (21). Using the positive electrode main body (21) as a supporter makes it possible to easily increase the thickness of the positive electrode (2) and to thereby reduce the electrical resistance of the positive electrode (2) and improve the battery performance of the metal-air battery (1).

Abstract: A metal-air battery has a positive electrode including a positive electrode conductive layer, a first catalyst layer, and a second catalyst layer. The positive electrode conductive layer is a porous layer made of conductive ceramic and has pores filled with an electrolyte solution. The first catalyst layer is a porous layer formed on a surface of the positive electrode conductive layer on the side opposite to the negative electrode, is made of conductive ceramic having a smaller average particle diameter than that of the positive electrode conductive layer, and has pores filled with the electrolyte solution. This improves charge performance. The second catalyst layer is a porous layer formed on a surface of the first catalyst layer on the side opposite to the negative electrode and is made of conductive ceramic having a larger average particle diameter than that of the first catalyst layer. This improves discharge performance.

Abstract: In a carbon dioxide recovery method including a carbon dioxide absorption step of bringing a gas to be treated containing carbon dioxide into contact with a carbon dioxide absorbing liquid, thereby removing carbon dioxide from the gas to be treated, and a regeneration step of removing carbon dioxide from a rich solution that has absorbed carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide absorption step, thereby achieving regeneration, the rich solution that has absorbed carbon dioxide is guided in liquid form to a membrane separation apparatus (5) that is selectively permeable to carbon dioxide and equipped with a zeolite membrane for carbon dioxide separation, carbon dioxide is separated and removed by a pervaporation method, and the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid is thus regenerated.

Abstract: A metal-air battery (1) includes a negative electrode (3), a positive electrode (2), and an electrolyte layer (4) disposed between the negative electrode (3) and the positive electrode (2). The negative electrode (3) includes a base member (31) which has a coiled shape and is formed of a conductive material and a deposited metal layer (32) in powder or particle state, which is formed on a surface of the base member (31) by electrolytic deposition. The electrolyte layer (4) contains an alkaline aqueous solution which contains the same metal as the deposited metal layer (32), and the positive electrode (2) has a tubular shape which is concentric with the negative electrode (3) having the coiled shape and surrounds the negative electrode (3). In this metal-air battery (1), it is possible to suppress occurrence of dendrites in the negative electrode (3).

Abstract: To provide a CO2 membrane separation and recovery system that is excellent in CO2 permeability and CO2 separation selectivity on recovery of CO2 in a hydrogen production process and the like. The CO2 membrane separation and recovery system of the present invention comprises a dehydration treatment module (2) preliminary to a CO2 membrane separation module (1), the CO2 membrane separation module (1) comprises a hydrophilic zeolite membrane (3) that exhibits CO2 selective permeability and is formed on a porous substrate, and the hydrophilic zeolite membrane (3) is subjected to a dehydration treatment by a heat treatment at from 100 to 800° C.

Abstract: In a metal-air battery (1), an interconnector (24) formed of ceramic having alkali resistance is provided on the surface of a porous positive electrode layer (2) on the side opposite to the surface that is in contact with an electrolyte layer (4). A liquid repellent layer (29) having liquid repellency to an electrolyte solution is further provided on the surface of the positive electrode layer (2) on which the interconnector (24) is formed, and covers this surface along with the interconnector (24). The metal-air battery (1) using an alkaline electrolyte solution can thus easily prevent leakage of the electrolyte solution by the interconnector (24) and the liquid repellent layer (29) while suppressing degradation of the interconnector (24).

Abstract: A metal-air battery (1) includes a negative electrode (3), a positive electrode (2), and an electrolyte layer (4) disposed between the negative electrode (3) and the positive electrode (2). The negative electrode (3) includes a base member (31) which has a coiled shape and is formed of a conductive material and a deposited metal layer (32) in powder or particle state, which is formed on a surface of the base member (31) by electrolytic deposition. The electrolyte layer (4) contains an alkaline aqueous solution which contains the same metal as the deposited metal layer (32), and the positive electrode (2) has a tubular shape which is concentric with the negative electrode (3) having the coiled shape and surrounds the negative electrode (3). In this metal-air battery (1), it is possible to suppress occurrence of dendrites in the negative electrode (3).

Abstract: In a carbon dioxide recovery method including a carbon dioxide absorption step of bringing a gas to be treated containing carbon dioxide into contact with a carbon dioxide absorbing liquid, thereby removing carbon dioxide from the gas to be treated, and a regeneration step of removing carbon dioxide from a rich solution that has absorbed carbon dioxide in the carbon dioxide absorption step, thereby achieving regeneration, the rich solution that has absorbed carbon dioxide is guided in liquid form to a membrane separation apparatus (5) that is selectively permeable to carbon dioxide and equipped with a zeolite membrane for carbon dioxide separation, carbon dioxide is separated and removed by a pervaporation method, and the carbon dioxide absorbing liquid is thus regenerated.

Abstract: A metal-air battery (1) includes a porous negative electrode (3) having a tubular shape and containing a metal, a porous positive electrode (2) having a tubular shape that surrounds the outer surface of the negative electrode (3), and an electrolyte layer (4) disposed between the negative electrode (3) and the positive electrode (2) and containing electrolyte solution. A filled part (31) enclosed by the inner surface of the negative electrode (3) is filled with electrolyte solution, and the electrolyte layer (4) is in communication with the filled part (31) via the porous negative electrode (3). The metal-air battery (1) further includes a supply-collection part (6) for collecting electrolyte solution in the filled part (31) and supplying electrolyte solution to the filled part (31). This facilitates replacement or the like of the electrolyte solution contained in the electrolyte layer (4).

Abstract: In a metal-air battery, a negative electrode, an electrolyte layer, and a positive electrode are concentrically disposed in the stated order, radially outward from the central axis, and the outer circumferential surface of the positive electrode is enclosed by a liquid-repellent layer (29). The liquid-repellent layer (29) includes a relatively high-strength inorganic porous material (292) having a continuous pore structure, and a fluorine-based porous part (293) formed by fusing fluorine-based particles to each other. The fluorine-based porous part (293) is fused to the inorganic porous material (292) in pores (294) of and on the outer surface (295) of the inorganic porous material (292). This makes it possible to provide the liquid-repellent layer (29) that is a functional porous material having desired mechanical strength, gas permeability, and liquid impermeability.

Abstract: The carbon dioxide membrane separation system in a coal gasification process contains introduction of a mixed gas of hydrogen (H2) and carbon dioxide (CO2) in a high temperature and high pressure condition generated through water gas shift reaction from a water gas shift reaction furnace, while maintaining the temperature and pressure condition, to a zeolite membrane module containing a zeolite membrane for removing carbon dioxide, thereby removing carbon dioxide and generating a fuel gas rich in hydrogen. The fuel gas rich in hydrogen in a high temperature and high pressure condition discharged from the zeolite membrane module is fed to a gas turbine of the power generation facility while maintaining the temperature and pressure condition.

Abstract: To provide a CO2 membrane separation and recovery system that is excellent in CO2 permeability and CO2 separation. selectivity on recovery of CO2 in a hydrogen production process and the like. The CO2 membrane separation and recovery system of the present invention comprises a dehydration treatment module (2) preliminary to a CO2 membrane separation module (1), the CO2 membrane separation module (1) comprises a hydrophilic zeolite membrane (3) that exhibits CO2 selective permeability and is formed on a porous substrate, and the hydrophilic zeolite membrane (3) is subjected to a dehydration treatment by a heat treatment at from 100 to 800° C.

Abstract: A metal-air battery is a secondary battery that includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, an electrolyte layer, and an air introduction pipe. The positive electrode is a porous member having a substantially cylindrical bottomed shape and includes a positive electrode supporter made of alumina, a positive electrode conductive layer made of a perovskite type oxide having electrical conductivity, and a positive electrode catalyst layer made of manganese dioxide. The negative electrode includes a negative electrode supporter made of stainless steel and a negative electrode conductive layer made of lithium or a lithium alloy. The metal-air battery can realize the positive electrode that contains no carbon by forming the positive electrode catalyst layer on the positive electrode conductive layer made of a perovskite type oxide. This enables prevention of the generation of lithium carbonate on the positive electrode during discharge, thus reducing the charge voltage of the metal-air battery.

Abstract: The method for separating water by a separation membrane is a method for separating water from an aqueous organic acid solution by the separation membrane, and the separation membrane consists of polycrystalline membrane of mordenite (the chemical composition of the frame: AlnSi40-nO96, 2?n?, further, a major component of exchangeable cations present in ion exchange sites of the mordenite is protons (H+). The separation membrane for dehydrating an aqueous organic acid solution exhibits unexpectedly remarkable water permeability and has excellent acid resistance, without damaging water separation selectivity. The method for separating water using this separation membrane enables, for example, realizing the process of dehydrating acetic acid by the separation membrane, and a great energy saving. There are provided the above-described separation membrane for dehydrating an aqueous organic acid solution, and the method for manufacturing it.

Abstract: A metal-air battery is a secondary battery that includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, an electrolyte layer, and an air introduction pipe. The positive electrode is a porous member having a substantially cylindrical bottomed shape and includes a positive electrode supporter made of alumina, a positive electrode conductive layer made of a perovskite type oxide having electrical conductivity, and a positive electrode catalyst layer made of manganese dioxide. The negative electrode includes a negative electrode supporter made of stainless steel and a negative electrode conductive layer made of lithium or a lithium alloy. The metal-air battery can realize the positive electrode that contains no carbon by forming the positive electrode catalyst layer on the positive electrode conductive layer made of a perovskite type oxide. This enables prevention of the generation of lithium carbonate on the positive electrode during discharge, thus reducing the charge voltage of the metal-air battery.