Abstract: A substrate processing method includes: providing a substrate including a mask; forming a film on the mask; forming a reaction layer on a surface layer of the film; and removing the reaction layer by applying energy to the reaction layer.

Abstract: There are no drugs or food medicines that can prevent or ameliorate, among side effects caused by drugs, particularly peripheral neuropathy that is caused by anticancer drugs such as oxaliplatin. An agent for preventing or ameliorating peripheral neuropathy including at least one selected from xylitol, L-talitol, and D-threitol as an active ingredient can ameliorate tingling limbs, limb pain, decreased deep tendon reflexes, muscle weakness, allodynia, hyperalgesia, hand fine motor skill disability, gait disturbance, stumbling, falling, flexion impairment (difficulty or inability to sit on one's knees, cross-legged, sideways, in a chair, etc.), limb paralysis, or the like, induced by drugs such as anticancer drugs or diabetes.

Abstract: [Object] To provide a technique for controlling a dimension and/or a shape of an opening formed in an etching film. [Solution] A substrate processing method according to the present disclosure includes: preparing a substrate having (a) an etching film, (b) a mask film formed on the etching film and having a sidewall that defines at least one opening on the etching film, and (c) a protective film formed to surround the opening on at least the sidewall of the mask film and containing at least one element selected from the group consisting of boron, phosphorus, sulfur, and tin; and etching the etching film by using the protective film and the mask film as a mask.

Abstract: A bead guide includes a columnar portion having a cylindrical side surface, and a guide plate extending from a distal end of the columnar portion. Through rotation of the bead guide, an expansion bar rotation driving section selectively switches the bead guide between a first position at which the guide plate is retreated radially inwardly from an outer circumferential end of a wheel, and a second position at which at least a part of the guide plate protrudes radially outwardly from the outer circumferential end of the wheel. The bead guide is switched from the first position to the second position so that the guide plate is caused to enter below an upper bead.

Abstract: A bead guide (50) includes a columnar portion (51) having a cylindrical side surface, and a guide plate (52) extending from a distal end of the columnar portion (51). Through rotation of the bead guide (50), an expansion bar rotation driving section (41) selectively switches the bead guide (50) between a first position at which the guide plate (52) is retreated radially inwardly from an outer circumferential end of a wheel (H), and a second position at which at least a part of the guide plate (52) protrudes radially outwardly from the outer circumferential end of the wheel (H). The bead guide (50) is switched from the first position to the second position so that the guide plate (52) is caused to enter below an upper bead (TBU).

Abstract: A metal ring with smaller stress concentration is manufactured, and the manufacture and maintenance of a rolling roller for transferring a mesh-shaped unevenness to the metal ring is facilitated. A mesh-like unevenness 8 is formed to the surface of an inner circumference rolling roller 6. This unevenness 8 is formed by rotating the inner circumference rolling roller 6 at a predetermined speed, and moving a grinder 9 back and forth in the axial direction of the inner circumference rolling roller 6 while biasing the grinder toward the surface of the roller 6 with predetermined force. The grain size of the grinder is between #270 and #1000. When the inner circumferential surface of the metal ring 1 is rolled using the inner circumference rolling roller 6, a mesh-like unevenness 2 is transferred onto the metal ring 1.

Abstract: A metal ring with smaller stress concentration is manufactured, and the manufacture and maintenance of a rolling roller for transferring a mesh-shaped unevenness to the metal ring is facilitated. A mesh-like unevenness 8 is formed to the surface of an inner circumference rolling roller 6. This unevenness 8 is formed by rotating the inner circumference rolling roller 6 at a predetermined speed, and moving a grinder 9 back and forth in the axial direction of the inner circumference rolling roller 6 while biasing the grinder toward the surface of the roller 6 with predetermined force. The grain size of the grinder is between #270 and #1000. When the inner circumferential surface of the metal ring 1 is rolled using the inner circumference rolling roller 6, a mesh-like unevenness 2 is transferred onto the metal ring 1.

Abstract: An impact detecting apparatus includes a housing, a fixed electrode located within the housing, a movable electrode located adjacent the fixed electrode and adapted to be electrically connected with the fixed electrode, and a conical slope located within the housing. The conical slope has varying gradients or slopes along the circumferential direction of the conical slope for providing varying sensitivity. A ball is also located on the conical slope, and a shaft is located within the housing. The shaft is movably supported on the housing for engaging the ball and is adapted to control the position of the movable electrode.

Abstract: An air bag inflator apparatus incorporating a lower canister and an upper canister forming a canister housing. The canister housing has a first wall, a second wall, a third wall, a fourth wall and a fifth wall. The first, second, third and fourth walls define a first space which accommodates an air bag, and the first, second, third, fourth and fifth walls define a second space which accommodates an inflator. A first flow control wall is continuously formed on the surface of the first wall, and a second flow control wall is continuously formed on the surface of the second wall. The first and second flow control walls control a flow of a gas from the inflator.

Abstract: The air bag apparatus has a pressure adjusting mechanism. The pressure adjusting mechanism controls a flow rate of the operating gas. When acceleration caused by a collision exceeds a predetermined level by a small level, the pressure adjusting mechanism releases the operating gas into the atmosphere. When the acceleration well exceeds the predetermined level, the pressure adjusting mechanism does not release the operating gas.

Abstract: The composition of a hard-facing welding material to be overlaid onto a cast iron base metal followed by a supercooling treatment for hardening must lie above a line LA in a Schaeffler's structure diagram which is represented by a Cr equivalent and a Ni equivalent. On the other hand, if the base metal is preheated, the carbon precipitation line will be at the Ni equivalent of 34 (LC1), and the Cr equivalent will thus be above 4. However, if the Cr equivalent is above 4, there will occur cracks after welding (examples in which cracks occurred are shown by square marks represented by a in FIG. 1). As a solution, the carbon precipitation line was raised up to the Ni equivalent of 38 without preheating the base metal, and the Cr equivalent of the welding material was made to be 4 or less.

Abstract: A impact sensor includes a housing, a weight disposed within the housing for being moved by an externally applied impact that is in excess of a predetermined value, an output lever disposed within the housing for being disengaged by movement of the weight to move in one direction, a first contact point provided on the output lever, or the housing and a second contact point provided on the housing so as to lie on the path of movement of the output lever. The first and second contact points are electrically connected by coming into contact by movement of the output lever, thereby actuating an air-bag mechanism connected to the first and second contact points.

Abstract: A driving appratus which includes a driving shaft which is linked to a driving member, a driven shaft which is connected with the driving shaft and which is linked to a driven member, a joint member which connects the driving shaft with the driven shaft so that a torque is transmitted from the driving shaft to the driven shaft while absorbing the eccentricity between both shafts and an urging member which is disposed to the joint member and which urges the joint member in the axial and rotational direction in regard to the both shafts. According to this improved driving appratus, the joint member rotates under the condition which is urged by the urging member in the axial and rotational direction in regard to the driving shaft and the driven shaft and transmitts the torque from the driving shaft to the driven shaft.

Abstract: A shock detecting device includes a housing, a weight disposed in the housing and moved by a shock which is more than a predetermined value from outside, an output member rotatably disposed in the housing and rotated in response to the movement of the weight so as to be projected from the housing and a safety mechanism being provided with a stopper pin which is formed on the weight and which contacts with the housing in an initial condition in order to maintain the weight in the initial condition, a rock lever which is rotatably supported on the housing and which being able to engage or disengage with or from the stopper pin and a first urging device which is disposed between the rock lever and the housing always for urging the rock lever so as to be engaged the rock lever with the stopper pin. According to this improved shock detecting device, it is able to maintain the high reliability of the safety mechanism with a simple structure.

Abstract: An impact sensing apparatus includes a housing having a wall portion which is parallel with the applied direction of an outside shock and a hole which is formed in the wall portion, a weight disposed in the housing and moved by an outside shock which is more than a predetermined value, an output member rotatably disposed in the housing and rotated in response to the movement of the weight and an urging member interposed between the housing and the output member for urging the output member so as to project from the hole. According to this improved impact sensing apparatus, it is possible to lengthen the stroke of the rotational motion of the output member and therefore it is possible to effectively utilize the urging force of the urging member as a kinetic energy of the output member. Thus, it is possible to improve the reliability for igniting the ignition element such as a primer due to a striking operation of the output member.

Abstract: A hole 13 though which a firing pin 6a of a firing lever 6 is projected outside a housing 1 is formed in a wall 1c of the housing which is in parallel with a direction of an external shock applied to the housing 1. This structure ensures the rotational angle of the firing lever 6 and a biasing force of a spring 9 which urges the firing lever 6 can be used effectively as kinetic energy thereof.

Abstract: A steering system for a vehicle including a fixed body secured to the body of the vehicle, a fixed shaft rotatably supported by the fixed bracket, a movable bracket connected for relative axial movement to the fixed bracket, a movable shaft rotatably supported by the movable bracket and connected to the shaft so as to be axially movable relative to the fixed shaft and rotatable as one unit with the fixed shaft, a driving mechanism disposed on the fixed bracket and connected to move the movable bracket and the movable shaft axially relative to both the fixed bracket and the fixed shaft, and a control mechanism for controlling the level of the frictional force acting between the fixed bracket and the movable bracket.

Abstract: A process for producing a cylindrical reinforcing fibrous molding by sealing openings at opposite ends of a porous cylindrical disintegratable mold, immersing the mold into an aqueous solution of a molding material containing reinforcing fibers and an inorganic binder, and depositing the molding material onto the outer peripheral surface of the mold by applying suction within the mold to form a molding blank; pressing the molding blank against the mold to adjust the shape of the molding blank; disintegrating the mold to remove it from the blank; and heating the molding blank to partially bond the reinforcing fibers with the inorganic binder.

Abstract: The present disclosure is directed to a vehicle steering mechanism which independently allows for tilting or telescopic motion of the steering wheel. The mechanism includes a stationary bracket having a slider mounted for axial movement with respect to the stationary bracket. A lower main shaft is rotatably journalled within the stationary bracket and slider, and is splined to a middle main shaft portion. The middle main shaft portion is pivotally linked to an upper main shaft portion which extends through an upper bracket. The upper bracket is pivotally mounted for pivotable motion with respect to the slider. The steering wheel is attached to the upper shaft. The upper bracket and the upper main shaft pivot around a coaxial pivot rod. First screw shafts are mounted for rotational motion, extend through the stationary bracket and are linked to the slider such that rotational motion of the screw shafts by a first motor cause the slider to move with respect to the bracket.

Abstract: A tilting steering apparatus for a vehicle includes a fixed bracket secured to the vehicle chassis, a movable bracket pivotally supported on the fixed bracket, a ratchet provided on the movable bracket and having ratchet teeth, a pawl having pawl teeth meshing with the ratchet teeth and constraining the ratchet position, a tilt operating lever causing the pawl teeth and ratchet teeth to mesh and unmesh, means for biasing the movable bracket to a lifted position with respect to the fixed bracket, a main lever pivotally supporting the pawl and rotatably supported by a first pin about which the movable bracket is turned, a second pin secured to the fixed bracket so as to abut against the other end of the main lever to inhibit turning of the main lever in one direction, a hook lever supported by the fixed bracket so as to clamp the main lever in the inhibit position in cooperation with the second pin, a lifted-position lock member provided on the fixed bracket so as to engage at a lifted position a projection on