Abstract: Method and apparatus for improving the surface quality of a resin molding by treating it with a plasma gas, measuring and integrating ion density and stopping the treatment when the integration reaches a predetermined value.

Abstract: An electrochromic element including a color-forming film and an electrolyte sandwiched between a pair of substrates each having a electrode film. Each electrode film is divided into a plurality of electrode pieces with micro grooves. One of the electrode films has its electrode pieces intersected with the electrode pieces of the other film so as to define a plurality of pairs of facing surfaces at intersecting portions. Resistors are connected between each of the electrode pieces and a power source to equalize values of current flowing between each of the pairs of the facing surfaces. The resistor may be an ordinary one, or resistance film made of conductive material, or a projected portion projecting from a longitudinal end of the electrode piece. A predetermined shape of cut-out is formed on the projected portion.