Abstract: A muffler including an inlet member, an outlet member, an exhaust-gas cleaning device including an exhaust-gas cleaning material, the exhaust-gas cleaning device including a first inlet side coupling section and a first outlet side coupling section detachably coupled to the inlet member and the outlet member by couplers, and an intermediate member including a second inlet side coupling section and a second outlet side coupling section detachably coupled to the inlet member and the outlet member by couplers same as the couplers, instead of the exhaust-gas cleaning device. The intermediate member is a cylinder body allowing exhaust gas in the inlet member to flow directly to the outlet member without passing through the exhaust gas cleaning material, and includes a resistance generation section providing the intermediate member with exhaust resistance substantially equal to that of the exhaust-gas cleaning device.

Abstract: Feedwater to be supplied to a feedwater tank via a feedwater path is passed through a waste heat recovery heat exchanger, a supercooler, and a condenser in sequence. A heat source fluid such as heat source water is passed through an evaporator and the waste heat recovery heat exchanger in sequence. The waste heat recovery heat exchanger is an indirect heat exchanger between the feedwater supplied to the feedwater tank via the feedwater path and the heat source fluid having passed through the evaporator. The supercooler is an indirect heat exchanger between the feedwater supplied to the feedwater tank via the feedwater path and a refrigerant supplied from the condenser to an expansion valve.

Abstract: A muffler including an inlet member, an outlet member, an exhaust-gas cleaning device including an exhaust-gas cleaning material, the exhaust-gas cleaning device including a first inlet side coupling section and a first outlet side coupling section detachably coupled to the inlet member and the outlet member by couplers, and an intermediate member including a second inlet side coupling section and a second outlet side coupling section detachably coupled to the inlet member and the outlet member by couplers same as the couplers, instead of the exhaust-gas cleaning device. The intermediate member is a cylinder body allowing exhaust gas in the inlet member to flow directly to the outlet member without passing through the exhaust gas cleaning material, and includes a resistance generation section providing the intermediate member with exhaust resistance substantially equal to that of the exhaust-gas cleaning device.

Abstract: Feedwater to be supplied to a feedwater tank via a feedwater path is passed through a waste heat recovery heat exchanger, a supercooler, and a condenser in sequence. A heat source fluid such as heat source water is passed through an evaporator and the waste heat recovery heat exchanger in sequence. The waste heat recovery heat exchanger is an indirect heat exchanger between the feedwater supplied to the feedwater tank via the feedwater path and the heat source fluid having passed through the evaporator. The supercooler is an indirect heat exchanger between the feedwater supplied to the feedwater tank via the feedwater path and a refrigerant supplied from the condenser to an expansion valve.

Abstract: An electronic component unit includes an interposer with a plurality of holes and a circuit wiring layer disposed on one surface of the interposer. The electronic component is electrically connected to the circuit wiring layer. A plurality of solder bumps are electrically connected to one surface of the circuit wiring layer through the holes formed in the interposer. The circuit wiring layer is electrically connected to an outside circuit through the solder bumps. A junction interface between the circuit wiring layer and each of the solder bumps is made of ductile metal.

Abstract: A BGA package is mounted on a multi-layer printed wiring board having a plurality of electrodes arranged in a matrix form through a plurality of solder bumps. In the most externally-located electrodes, a lead wire is formed to extend from a portion of the most-externally-located electrode located inside of a polygon formed by connecting each of the centers of adjacent most-externally-located electrodes. Therefore, the solder bumps are prevented from coming off the most-externally-located electrodes because a portion of the most-externally-located electrode to which stress caused by an external shock is intensively applied is located in an outside of the polygon. Thus, a contact failure between the BGA package and the multi-layer printed wiring board is prevented.

Abstract: A BGA package is mounted on a multi-layer printed wiring board having a plurality of electrodes arranged in a matrix form through a plurality of solder bumps. In the most externally-located electrodes, a lead wire is formed to extend from a portion of the most-externally-located electrode located inside of a polygon formed by connecting each of the centers of adjacent most-externally-located electrodes. Therefore, the solder bumps are prevented from coming off the most-externally-located electrodes because a portion of the most-externally-located electrode to which stress caused by an external shock is intensively applied is located in an outside of the polygon. Thus, a contact failure between the BGA package and the multi-layer printed wiring board is prevented.

Abstract: A non-washing soldering flux which is capable of minimizing corrosion and insulation defects due to precipitation of metal salts and cracking of the base resin is disclosed. The flux includes an activator including a dibasic acid with a molecular weight of 250 or less, and a monobasic acid with a molecular weight of from 150 to 300 and/or a dibasic acid with a molecular weight of from 300 to 600. The dibasic acid of molecular weight 250 or less in the flux exhibits sufficient activity, thus ensuring satisfactory solderability. The monobasic acid of molecular weight from 150 to 300 and the dibasic acid of molecular weight from 300 to 600 which are combined therewith promote the activity while also uniformly dispersing the metal salt of the low molecular weight dibasic acid in the flux residue, allowing it to be enveloped by the hydrophobic base resin. For greater cracking resistance, the flux includes at least an acrylic resin of molecular weight 10,000 or less and an activator.

Abstract: To obtain a high tensile strength steel sheet which has an improved lubricating ability during press working, coating sharpness and defect-formation resistance, and which is useful as an outer plate of automobiles and electrical appliances, by forming uniform recesses and protrusions thereon and regulating the shapes of the recesses and protrusions, the recesses each having a flat portion at their bottom, and the size of the protrusion top faces, the depth between the recesses and the protrusions and the peak-to-peak distance being restricted. The recesses and protrusions formed thereon satisfy the following conditions; oil pools are formed thereon in an area covering 30% of the surface thereof; the top faces of the protrusions each having a size of 10 to 450 .mu.m; the level difference between the recesses and the protrusions being from 2 to 20 .mu.m; the peak-to-peak distance of the protrusions being from 50 to 1000 .mu.m; P and D satisfying the relationship 2.

Abstract: A method for processing the surface of a work roll, comprising forming a pattern coated with a cured product of a photosensitive resin composition on the surface of a work roll only at a predetermined portion, chemically etching the surface of the work roll at the remaining uncoated portions and peeling the cured product to form an uneven pattern on the surface of the work roll, wherein the composition comprises a visible light curable photosensitive resin composition and is cured by visible light irradiation.

Abstract: A soldering flux composition comprising, as a flux base resin, a modified amine compound obtained by reacting (i) at least one member selected from the group consisting of vinyl group-containing compounds, carboxyl group-containing compounds and epoxy group-containing compounds (ii) with an amine compound having an active hydrogen.

Abstract: Disclosed is a soldering flux which prevents a release of an active ion contained in an activator when exposed to a high-temperature atmosphere maintaining at a temperature higher than 80.degree. C., for example, an atmosphere of an engine room of an automobile, and thus makes washing unnecessary. This soldering flux comprises, together with an activator, (1) a thermoplastic resin having a softening point not lower than 80.degree. C., and/or (2) an epoxy group-containing compound, a radical-polymerizable unsaturated double bond-containing compound or a blocked isocyanate group-containing compound, or (3) a thermosetting resin composed of a carboxyl group-containing resin and an epoxy resin and/or a thermosetting resin containing carboxy and epoxy groups.

Abstract: A method of removing magnetically-separated magnetic particles adhering to a magnetic filter. Sets of radially-arranged magnets are provided above and below, with adjacent magnets having unlike poles. The filter is located in an alternating magnetic field formed by the magnets. The filter is washed by directing a jet of fluid at it while magnets, or filter, is being rotated.