Abstract: Sulfonic acid group-containing polyvinyl alcohol having crosslinked structures, which is obtained by heat treating a mixed solution of polyvinyl alcohol, a sulfonating agent and a crosslinking agent, a composite polymer membrane excellent in proton conductivity and methanol barrier property, which is obtained by applying the mixed solution to a water-absorptive or hydrophilic polymer membrane, followed by sulfonation and crosslinking, and an electrode for a fuel cell excellent in catalytic activity, which comprises sulfonic acid group-containing polyvinyl alcohol having crosslinked structures and fine catalyst particles carried on porous particles.

Abstract: A proton conducting polymer obtained by blending an organic phosphoric acid compound solution with a meta type polyaniline solution; a solid polymer electrolyte for a fuel cell comprising the proton conducting polymer, which is excellent in proton conductivity, methanol barrier property and dopant stability in an aqueous solution of methanol; and an electrode comprising the proton conducting and fine catalyst particles carried on porous particles.

Abstract: A proton conducting polymer obtained by blending an organic phosphoric acid compound solution with a meta type polyaniline solution; a solid polymer electrolyte for a fuel cell comprising the proton conducting polymer, which is excellent in proton conductivity, methanol barrier property and dopant stability in an aqueous solution of methanol; and an electrode comprising the proton conducting and fine catalyst particles carried on porous particles.

Abstract: A proton conducting polymer obtained by blending an organic phosphoric acid compound solution with a meta type polyaniline solution; a solid polymer electrolyte for a fuel cell comprising the proton conducting polymer, which is excellent in proton conductivity, methanol barrier property and dopant stability in an aqueous solution of methanol; and an electrode comprising the proton conducting and fine catalyst particles carried on porous particles.

Abstract: A solid polymer electrolyte membrane excellent in proton conductivity and methanol barrier property, which is composed of a composite membrane obtained by allowing aniline to be adsorbed by a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer membrane, and subjecting the aniline to oxidative polymerization to form a polyaniline-containing polymer membrane.

Abstract: A water electrolytic apparatus includes, and a plurality of water electrolytic cells each having a solid polymer electrolyte membrane, an anode, and a cathode, the anode and the cathode being arranged on opposite sides of the electrolyte membrane, respectively. The water electrolytic cells are developed on a hypothetical plane and electrically connected in series to one another. In the water electrolytic apparatus, an increase in electric current can be inhibited.

Abstract: A novel method for producing a meta type polyaniline, comprising polymerizing aniline in at least one organic solvent selected from N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N,N-dimethyl sulfoxide, N,N-dimethylacetamide and N,N-dimethylformamide, in the presence of at least one oxidizing agent selected from ammonium peroxodisulfate, iron(III) chloride, manganese dioxide and hydrogen peroxide, at −20° C. to 50° C.

Abstract: This invention provides a solid polymer electrolyte which is low in water absorption, from which no dopant runs out even in pressing, and which is excellent in stability in the presence of water or methanol, proton conductivity and methanol barrier properties, in which an imidazole ring-containing polymer such as a polybenzimidazole compound is doped with an acid in which at least one hydrogen atom of an inorganic acid such as phosphoric acid is substituted by a functional group having a phenyl group by blending the imidazole ring-containing polymer with the acid in a solution using a solvent such as trifluoroacetic acid, preferably at a rate of 1 to 10 molecules of the acid per repeating structure unit of a molecular chain of the imidazole ring-containing polymer, the solid polymer electrolyte.

Abstract: A heat-resistant magnesium alloy containing, based on the total weight of the alloy, 4.5-10 wt. % of aluminum, 0.1-3 wt. % of calcium, 1-3 wt. % of a rare earth element and 0.2-1 wt. % of manganese and having a composition that the contents of aluminum, calcium and the rare earth element satisfy the relationship of the following expression (1):1.66+1.33 Ca+0.37 RE.ltoreq.Al.ltoreq.2.77+1.33 Ca+0.74 REwherein Ca, RE and Al represent the weight percentages of Ca, at least one rare earth element and aluminum contained in the alloy, respectively, in the relationship.

Abstract: A process for producing an aluminum alloy with high strength and toughness includes the steps of: preparing an alloy blank having a primary structure which is one selected from a single-phase structure comprised of a solid-solution phase, a single-phase structure comprised of an amorphous phase, and a mixed-phase structure comprised of a solid-solution phase and an amorphous phase, and subjecting the alloy blank to a thermal treatment to provide an aluminum alloy which has a secondary structure containing 20% or more by volume fraction Vf of chrysanthemum-like patterned phases each having a diameter of at most 5 .mu.m and comprising a solid-solution phase and an intermetallic compound phase arranged radiately.

Abstract: In a process for molding a fiber molding for a fiber-reinforced composite material with short fibers oriented in one direction, a slurry molding material having short fibers dispersed in a liquid is used, and pressing forces are applied to the molding material from two directions substantially perpendicular to each other within a mold, while removing the liquid.

Abstract: A silicon carbide-reinforced light alloy composite material comprises a matrix of a light weight alloy and a reinforcing material consisting of at least one of a silicon carbide whisker and a silicon carbide grain. In the composite material, the content of SiO.sub.2 contained in the reinforcing material, is set in the range of 0.05 to 5.0% by weight.

Abstract: A heat resistant slide member for an internal combustion engine is a plastically worked member formed from a quenched and solidified aluminum alloy, with a metal flow line in a sliding portion thereof set in a sliding direction. The aluminum alloy contains at least one selected from the group consisting of Cr, Fe, Zr and Ti in an amount of 5% or more and 30% by weight or less and has an average diameter of precipitates and crystallizates therein of 50 .mu.m or less and a tensile strength at 300.degree. C. of 18 kg/mm.sup.2 or more.

Abstract: A heat-resistant aluminum alloy sinter comprises 5 to 12% by weight of Cr, less than 10% by weight of at least one selected from the group consisting of Co, Ni, Mn, Zr, V, Ce, Fe, Ti, Mo, La, Nb, Y and Hf, and the balance of Al containing unavoidable impurities. A silicon carbide fiber is included for reinforcing the sinter in a fiber volume fraction range of 2 to 30%.