Abstract: A cleaning apparatus includes a pressure pad for a cleaning fabric. The pressure pad comprises a particular portion formed on a base portion. The base portion has a predetermined hardness. The particular portion has a predetermined hardness which is lower than the hardness of the base portion. The cleaning fabric is nipped between the particular portion and a subject to clean the subject with the cleaning fabric.

Abstract: A cleaning apparatus includes a pressure pad for a cleaning fabric. The pressure pad comprises a particular portion formed on a base portion. The base portion has a predetermined hardness. The particular portion has a predetermined hardness which is lower than the hardness of the base portion. The cleaning fabric is nipped between the particular portion and a subject to clean the subject with the cleaning fabric.

Abstract: Copper alloys which excel in corrosion resistance, moldability and workability and are particularly suitable for use as materials for valves, cocks, elbows, tees, etc. or cast parts associated therewith. One copper alloy comprising by weight 27.0 - 32.0% zinc, 0.8 - 4.0% lead, 0.2 - 0.8% silicon, 0.1 - 2.0% manganese, 0.01 - 0.1% arsenic and 0.03 - 0.4% aluminum the rest being composed of copper; and the other copper alloy comprising by weight 27.0 - 32.0% zinc, 0.8 - 4.0% lead, 0.2 - 0.8% silicon, 0.1 - 2.0 manganese, 0.01 - 0.1% arsenic, 0.03 - 0.4% aluminum and 0.01 - 1.0% tin the rest being composed of copper.

Abstract: The present invention provides copper base alloys containing copper and zinc as the main components with additions of tin, lead, nickel, iron and beryllium and one of the objects of the present invention is to increase not only the corrosion resistance, but also, the machinability by defining the range of the composition as 63.0-66.0 wt.% copper, 1.2-2.0 wt.% tin, 1.0-2.0 wt.% lead, 0.1-1.0 wt.% iron, 2.0 wt.% or less of nickel, 0.1 wt.% or less of beryllium and the rest being zinc with inevitable impurities. In another aspect of the invention, the above composition is subjected to a heat treatment between about 350.degree. and 550.degree. C for about 1 to 10 hours after hot and cold working which produces a further significant improvement in machinability without decreasing either the corrosion resistance or the mechanical properties.

Abstract: A copper alloy which excels in corrosion resistance, mechanical strength and castability and is suitable for the manufacture of valves, cocks and related cast parts. The copper alloy comprises by weight 5.0 - 6.5% aluminum, 0.2 - 0.5% silicon, 0.2 - 0.5% tin, 0.2 - 4.0% zinc, 1.0 - 1.5% lead and 1.0 - 3.0% iron and the rest being composed of copper.

Abstract: Char from the waste liquor of a pulp manufacturing process is produced by confining the waste liquor in a container and feeding the container into an air heating furnace in a manner such that the container is contacted countercurrently with heated air without rotating or stirring the container.