Abstract: According to one implementation, a drill includes the first cutting edges, the second cutting edges and a deflection reducer. The first cutting edges drill a prepared hole to a workpiece. The first cutting edges are formed in a tip side of the drill. The first point angle and each first relief angle of the first cutting edges continuously or intermittently decrease from the tip side toward a rear end side of the drill. The second cutting edges finish the prepared hole. The second cutting edges are formed at positions away in the rear end side from the first cutting edges. The second cutting edges have the second relief angles at a maximum diameter position. The deflection reducer reduces deflection of the second cutting edges by being inserted into the prepared hole. The deflection reducer is formed between the first cutting edges and the second cutting edges.

Abstract: According to one implementation, a hole finishing tool includes a reaming cutter and a holder. The reaming cutter has a first detaching structure. The first flow path for ejecting cutting oil is formed inside the reaming cutter. The holder has a second detaching structure. The second detaching structure is detached from and attached to the first detaching structure. The second flow path for supplying the cutting oil to the first flow path is formed inside the holder. The holder has a shank. The shank is held by a tool rotating device. The holder has a sliding portion. The sliding portion has no back taper. The sliding portion is inserted into a positioning bush and slid inside the positioning bush. The sliding portion has a concave portion for storing lubrication oil.

Abstract: A tool driving device for cutting includes a spindle and an electric motor. A user carries the tool driving device by hand to use the tool driving device. The spindle has a holder for holding a tool for the cutting. The holder is disposed at a distal portion of the spindle. The electric motor rotates the spindle. A thrust bearing is attached to a housing of the electric motor. The spindle is contacted to the thrust bearing so that cutting resistance in a rotation axis direction of the spindle, transmitted from the tool to the spindle, is applied to the thrust bearing.

Abstract: A collet bush includes a tapered cylindrical outer surface, a cylindrical inner surface and a flow path. The collet bush is to be inserted into a concentric collet that is attached to a handheld tool driving device in order to position the tool driving device to a workpiece. The tool driving device holds, rotates and feeds a tool. The tool driving device has a function to suck chips. The outer surface is for expanding the concentric collet. The inner surface forms a through hole for slidably fitting the tool. The flow path is for taking in air used for sucking the chips inside the collet bush. The tool driving device includes the above-mentioned collet bush and the concentric collet.

Abstract: A tool driving device for hole processing includes a spindle, an electric motor, a guide, an electric actuator, a sensor and a controller. The spindle has a holder for holding a tool for the hole processing. The holder is disposed at a distal portion of the spindle. The electric motor rotates the spindle. The guide has a positioning member for positioning the tool driving device to the workpiece. The electric actuator advances and retreats the spindle relatively to the guide in a rotation axis direction of the spindle. The sensor measures cutting resistance transmitted from the tool to the spindle. The controller is configured to control the electric motor and the electric actuator based on the cutting resistance measured by the sensor so that a rotating speed and a feeding speed of the spindle become a rotating speed and a feeding speed according to the cutting resistance.

Abstract: According to one implementation, a tool driving device includes a drill chuck, a motor, a casing and a vibrating mechanism. The drill chuck holds a drill. The motor is configured to rotate the drill chuck. The casing houses the motor. The vibrating mechanism is configured to periodically reciprocate the drill chuck relatively to the casing in a tool axis direction during rotation of the drill chuck. The vibrating mechanism is configured to distance the drill chuck from the casing at a first speed smaller than a second speed for bringing the drill chuck close to the casing.

Abstract: Provided is a charging system (1) including: one or a plurality of charging stations (10); and a host unit (16) configured to hold communication to and from the charging stations (10), wherein each of the charging stations (10) includes: a plurality of chargers (30) configured to charge batteries (20) mounted to vehicles (12); and a charging control module (42) configured to control charging by the chargers (30) in accordance with a charging schedule, wherein the host unit (16) includes a schedule management module (70) configured to create the charging schedule, and wherein the schedule management module (70) is configured to create the charging schedule in which at least part of a future electric power charge amount planned to be allocated to some of the vehicles (12) that are presently being charged is cut down to be allocated to charging for one of the vehicles (12) that requests early start of charging.

Abstract: Provided is an optimization system (1) including: a plurality of individual systems (20); and a host system (12) configured to communicate to and from the individual systems (20). Each of the individual systems (20) includes: a device (electric device (30)) which is connected to an energy source (electric power system (22)), and is configured to receive energy from the energy source, or transmit energy to the energy source; and an optimization calculation module (50) configured to execute optimization calculation so that an objective function is minimized under a state in which parameters of the energy through the device are set to the objective function and a constraint condition, respectively. The host system (12) includes a host calculation module (70) configured to derive an incentive based on a plurality of optimization calculation results each derived by a corresponding one of the individual systems (20).

Abstract: In order to determine information about the generation of heat in a bearing (10) in a simple manner, a bearing (10) includes an outer ring (12) secured to a securing member, and an inner ring (11) provided on the inside of the outer ring (12) and secured to a shaft that rotates in the circumferential direction relative to the securing member. A thermal flow sensor (14) is provided as a coating on a securing-side surface that includes the outer ring (12), and generates a thermoelectromotive force including information about frictional heat generated with the rotation of the shaft.

Abstract: To protect the surface of a member exposed to a high-temperature environment and detect surface temperature or heat flow distribution, this magnetic thermoelectric conversion element, which is provided on the surface of a support in contact with a heat source, has: a magnetic body; an electromotive body which is magnetically coupled to the magnetic body and has electrical conductivity; and a heat-resistant metal oxide film covering the magnetic body and the electromotive body.

Abstract: An image projection apparatus includes light modulation elements each including a plurality of pixels, and configured to modulate lights having wavelengths different from each other, and a driver configured to generate a first voltage commonly applied to the plurality of pixels in each of the plurality of light modulation elements, and a second voltage configured to determine a maximum value of a ratio of a light amount of exit light to a light amount of incident light of the plurality of pixels, and to drive the plurality of light modulation elements through a pulse width modulation of the second voltage for each pixel according to an input image signal. The driver sets the second voltage to at least one light modulation element among the plurality of light modulation elements, which is different from that of another light modulation element and drives the light modulation elements.

Abstract: In order to determine information about the generation of heat in a bearing (10) in a simple manner, a bearing (10) includes an outer ring (12) secured to a securing member, and an inner ring (11) provided on the inside of the outer ring (12) and secured to a shaft that rotates in the circumferential direction relative to the securing member. A thermal flow sensor (14) is provided as a coating on a securing-side surface that includes the outer ring (12), and generates a thermoelectromotive force including information about frictional heat generated with the rotation of the shaft.

Abstract: An image projection apparatus includes light modulation elements each including a plurality of pixels, and configured to modulate lights having wavelengths different from each other, and a driver configured to generate a first voltage commonly applied to the plurality of pixels in each of the plurality of light modulation elements, and a second voltage configured to determine a maximum value of a ratio of a light amount of exit light to a light amount of incident light of the plurality of pixels, and to drive the plurality of light modulation elements through a pulse width modulation of the second voltage for each pixel according to an input image signal. The driver sets the second voltage to at least one light modulation element among the plurality of light modulation elements, which is different from that of another light modulation element and drives the light modulation elements.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a plurality of light modulation elements configured to modulate light from a light source for each color, and a driver configured to drive the plurality of light modulation elements using drive signals in accordance with a digital drive method. The driver makes different from one another start timings of the drive signals corresponding to one frame period for the plurality of light modulation elements.

Abstract: The liquid crystal drive apparatus includes a tone setter that sets drive tones depending on input tones that are tones of an input image, a driver that controls, depending on the drive tones, a voltage applied to each of multiple pixels of a liquid crystal element to a first voltage or a second voltage lower than the first voltage in respective multiple sub-frame periods included in one frame period to cause that pixel to form a tone or controls a drive voltage applied to each of the multiple pixels, and a temperature detector that detects a temperature of or around the liquid crystal element. The tone setter changes, when the input tones include a first tone and a second tone higher than the first tone, the drive tone for the second tone depending on the detected temperature.

Abstract: The liquid crystal drive apparatus controls application of a first or second voltage to each pixel of a liquid crystal element in respective sub-frame periods in one frame period to cause that pixel to form a tone. The sub-frame period where the first voltage is applied to the pixel is referred to as an ON period, the sub-frame period where the second voltage is applied to the pixel is referred to as an OFF period. The sub-frame period corresponding to the ON and OFF periods respectively for first and second pixels of two mutually adjacent pixels is referred to as an ON/OFF adjacent period. The apparatus provides, when causing the first and second pixels to form tones adjacent to each other, a plurality of the ON/OFF adjacent periods each being 1.0 ms or less separately from each other in the one frame period.

Abstract: The liquid crystal drive apparatus controls application of a first or second voltage to each pixel of a liquid crystal element in respective multiple sub-frame periods included in one frame period to cause that pixel to form a tone. The sub-frame period where the first voltage is applied to the pixel is referred to as an ON period, and the sub-frame period where the second voltage is applied to the pixel is referred to as an OFF period. The apparatus provide, when causing the pixel to form the tone using the ON period, multiple ON period sets separately from each other in the one frame period. Each ON period set includes one or more ON periods. The apparatus sets a temporal interval between temporal centers of the respective ON period sets to 60% or less of the one frame period or to 5.0 ms or less.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes a plurality of light modulation elements configured to modulate light from a light source for each color, and a driver configured to drive the plurality of light modulation elements using drive signals in accordance with a digital drive method. The driver makes different from one another start timings of the drive signals corresponding to one frame period for the plurality of light modulation elements.

Abstract: The liquid crystal drive apparatus includes a tone setter that sets drive tones depending on input tones that are tones of an input image, a driver that controls, depending on the drive tones, a voltage applied to each of multiple pixels of a liquid crystal element to a first voltage or a second voltage lower than the first voltage in respective multiple sub-frame periods included in one frame period to cause that pixel to form a tone or controls a drive voltage applied to each of the multiple pixels, and a temperature detector that detects a temperature of or around the liquid crystal element. The tone setter changes, when the input tones include a first tone and a second tone higher than the first tone, the drive tone for the second tone depending on the detected temperature.

Abstract: The liquid crystal drive apparatus controls application of a first or second voltage to each pixel of a liquid crystal element in respective sub-frame periods in one frame period to cause that pixel to form a tone. The sub-frame period where the first voltage is applied to the pixel is referred to as an ON period, the sub-frame period where the second voltage is applied to the pixel is referred to as an OFF period. The sub-frame period corresponding to the ON and OFF periods respectively for first and second pixels of two mutually adjacent pixels is referred to as an ON/OFF adjacent period. The apparatus provides, when causing the first and second pixels to form tones adjacent to each other, a plurality of the ON/OFF adjacent periods each being 1.0 ms or less separately from each other in the one frame period.