Abstract: A brushless dc motor unit has 3-phase armature windings, a permanent-magnet rotor, a dc power supply having a motor drive voltage and a midpoint voltage that is one half of the motor drive voltage, and an electronic commutation circuit. Back emf voltages at armature winding terminals are individually delayed by less than 90.degree. and the delayed voltages are individually provided to the positive input terminals of voltage comparators. To the negative input terminals of the comparators is commonly provided a sawtooth-wave comparator reference voltage having a frequency proportional to a current rotor speed and an amplitude whose center voltage is the midpoint voltage. Outputs of the comparators cause a control circuit to transmit signals to control the electronic commutation circuit so as to provide 3-phase dc power to the armature windings.

Abstract: A weighing apparatus comprises feeder means for temporarily storing an object to be weighed and discharging the object to be weighed as needed, a plurality of weighing hopper means each having a plurality of storage chambers which are integrally coupled, a plurality of weighing means, provided in correspondence with the plurality of weighing hopper means, for independently weighing weights (referred to as partial weights hereinafter) of objects to be weighed, stored in the storage chambers, and a control apparatus for calculating partial weight values of the objects to be weighed based on weighing signals from the weighing means.

Abstract: An apparatus for carrying and separating articles includes a pair of parallel endless belts made of an elastic material, a plurality of carrying rods bridging the two belts in the transversal direction and carriers each engaged with adjacent carrying rods and capable of sliding relative thereto in transversal directions. Articles are put on the carriers and are separated with displacement of the carriers in transversal directions. The belt has a core buried in it and incapable of elongation or contraction in the length direction. The pair of belts have carrying rod mounting pins projecting from their opposed edges. These pins are coincident with the center of the cores. They each have an engaged portion and an embedded portion, the engaged portion being engaged in an end of a carrying rod, the embedded portion being embedded in a belt.