Abstract: Pharmaceutical preparations for oral administration are disclosed which comprise (a) an acidic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent having the mean particle size of about 100 .mu.m or less and (b) a protein hydrolyzate or a polypeptide having the mean molecular weight of 4000-12000. The pharmaceutical preparations are in the form of tablets, granules, capsules and dry syrups. They achieve high bioavailability of the anti-inflammatory agent, e.g., ibuprofen.

Abstract: The use of isoquinoline derivatives for the treatment of glaucoma or ocular hypertension. The isoquinoline derivatives are of formula I ##STR1## wherein R.sub.1 is a hydrogen or a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group and R.sub.2 is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 alkyl group. The stability of the isoquinoline derivatives when used in the form of a solution is improved by incorporating therein compounds having a phenolic hydroxyl group and/or glycols serving as a stabilizer.

Abstract: The transdermal penetration of N-(2-hydroxyethyl) nicotinamide nitrate useful for the treatment of angina pectoris is improved by the use of a mixed solvent comprising an alcohol of 2 to 7 carbon atoms and an aliphatic ester having a molecular weight of at least 180 in the formulation of the external preparations.

Abstract: A stabilized pharmaceutical composition containing 4-(3-tert.-butylamino-2-hydroxy)propoxy-2-methylisocarbostyril or an acid addition salt thereof as the active ingredient is now provided, in which the active ingredient compound is stabilized by addition of at least one of stabilizing agents selected from magnesium silicate, magnesium oxide, hydrotalcite and sodium hydrogen carbonate.

Abstract: Cultivation of microorganisms is controlled by measuring a pressure in a cultivation tank, a flow rate of effluent gas from the cultivation tank, and a concentration of carbon dioxide gas in the effluent gas, calculating a partial pressure of carbon dioxide gas in the cultivation tank and an amount of a carbon dioxide gas produced by the microorganisms, calculating an amount of propagated microorganism cells from the resulting partial pressure of carbon dioxide gas and the amount of produced carbon dioxide gas, thereby calculating an amount of microorganism cells in culture liquor, and supplying a substrate in an amount controlled in accordance with the resulting amount of microorganism cells in culture liquor.Microorganisms can be cultivated in high yield and at a high product concentration.