Abstract: A start point vicinity of an uttered input speech pattern is set. DP-matching is performed between the input speech pattern and a plurality of reference patterns obtained by connecting previously prepared reference patterns in the start point vicinity of a portion for the head word of the input speech pattern. A point within the start point vicinity is determined as a temporary start point. The dissimilarity proportional to the time length of the reference pattern is calculated and then converted into a value proportional to the time length of the input pattern from the temporary start point. The dissimilarity measure between the input speech pattern and the reference pattern on the second and the following digits are determined as a value proportional to the time length of the input speech pattern. The end time point of the input speech pattern is determined on the basis of the minimum value of a normalized dissimilarity measure and by the time length of the input speech pattern.

Abstract: On pattern matching an input pattern arranged along a first time axis to each concatenation of patterns selected from reference patterns and arranged along a second time axis with feature vectors of the input pattern and the concatenation placed at a common frame period, a dynamic programming algorithm is used by classifying the reference patterns into classes in compliance with reference pattern lengths and by giving variable block widths to slant parallelogrammic blocks of a common block slope. The variable widths should be decided for the respective classes. Preferably, a k-th class comprises a reference pattern of a reference pattern length which is not shorter than .beta.kW and is shorter then .beta.(k+1)W, where .beta. represents the block slope and W, a fundamental block width determined by the block slope under a minimum of the reference pattern lengths. In this event, the variable block width is equal to kW.

Abstract: A recognition system for recognizing a plurality of continuous hand-written characters, employing a first memory in which isolated characters are stored, and a second memory which stores information, including interstroke character information, for connecting isolated characters. According to various embodiments of the invention, this interstroke information may be stored as part of a continuous character, or by itself.

Abstract: The probability of false recognition in a continuous speech recognition system is reduced by developing a similarity measure and path information at each time point (i, j), checking whether or not the path information at the time point (i, j) is within a predetermined window restriction, and excluding a time point outside the window restriction from development of the similarity measure and path information.

Abstract: An input system for a voice recognizer circuit wherein a cue signal is issued to the user to indicate system readiness. A voice detector detects the presence of a voice signal. Control circuitry detects if a voice signal is detected prior to the end of the initial cue signal and, if so, causes a second cue signal to be issued, thereby preventing a loss of voice input. The voice detector can also be used to selectively switch an active one of a plurality of user channels to one of a smaller number of voice recognizers.

Abstract: A pattern recognition apparatus for recognizing spoken words of a nonspecific speaker or of a specific speaker. A reference pattern composed of a sequence of feature vectors, each composed of n feature parameters, b.sub.i, is stored. The reference pattern represents a form of average of said words to be recognized as determined by multiple reference speakers speaking the same words or by the specified speaker speaking said words several times. A deviation pattern composed of a sequence of feature vectors composed of n feature parameters, w.sub.i /2, is stored. The deviation pattern is a measure of the deviation from the reference of the repeated utterances of the reference speakers or the specified speaker. An input pattern, representing the utterances of a speaker, is composed of a sequence of feature vectors, each composed of n feature parameters, a.sub.i, and is stored.

Abstract: A continuous speech recognition system determines the similarity between input patterns and reference patterns over time such that similarities between previously spoken speech patterns and reference patterns are determined while speech continues to be spoken. Degrees of dissimilarity at arbitrary reference pattern word times are determined asymptotically and are recorded. The minimum degree of dissimilarity is determined and the corresponding word is categorized. Recognition decisions are ultimately made in reverse chronological order.

Abstract: Phoneme recognition uses the silence-phoneme and phoneme-phoneme transition spectral information rather than the phoneme information itself. The transition detector features first and second differences in level for each frequency band.

Abstract: A multiple channel voice I/O system including a control device and switching mechanism for enabling the system to handle a greater number of user channels than there are recognition inputs. The control unit responds to two types of commands from a host system, the first type indicating a voice output operation and the second type indicating a voice input/recognition operation. During voice output for any user channel, that channel is not connected to any input terminal of the recognition unit. During voice input/recognition operation, the control unit searches for an unoccupied input terminal and connects it to a user channel.

Abstract: A miniature computer has a main section which includes a central processor, a read only memory storing a monitor program, a random access memory for executing the monitor program and a controlling circuit for peripheral equipment, and a hand-held controller electrically connected to the main section through a flat cable, the hand-held controller having a keyboard and display device such that the keyboard has keys of numerals 0 to 9 and the alpha characters A to Z for enabling data in the form of symbolic language to be input according to an assembler program. The assembler program is stored in the read only memory and the symbolic language data is converted to corresponding machine language. The hand-held controller includes a key input system which utilizes encoders rather than mulitplexers to detect and transmit key input data data to the main section.

Abstract: A reproducing circuit is provided for reproducing digital information recorded in a cassette tape by frequency modulation in which different first and second digital logic levels are respectively represented by first and second repeated signals having respective first and second repeated frequencies, the first repeated frequency being higher than the second. A pulse forming circuit produces first and second pulse signals having the first and second repeated frequencies in response to the signals recorded on the cassette tape. The first or second pulse signals are applied to a one-shot circuit as a trigger signal and to the control input terminal of a flip-flop circuit as a control signal. The output of the one-shot circuit is supplied to the data input terminal of the flip-flop circuit, whereby reproduced digital information corresponding to the digital information recorded on the cassette tape is derived from the output terminal of the flip-flop circuit.

Abstract: A minature computer comprising a main section which includes a central processor, a read only memory storing a monitor program, a random access memory for executing the monitor program and a controlling circuit for peripheral equipments developed which has a hand-held controller electrically connected to the main section through a flat cable, having a keyboard and display device such that the keyboard has keys of a numeral 0 to 9 and the alpha characters A to Z for enabling symbolic languages to be input according to an assembler program. The assembler program is stored in the read only memory and the symbolic languages are converted to corresponding machine languages. The main section has a first jack capable of inputting a program from a audio cassette tape deck and a second jack capable of storing a program in a audio cassette tape deck. The main section also has third and fourth jacks which control the operation of the audio cassette tape decks connected to the first two jacks.