Abstract: A case of an exemplary embodiment accommodates an apparatus including a movable part and includes a case base, a first member, and a second member. The first member includes a first surface and a second surface opposing each other, and is provided with a hole formed by opening at least a side of the second surface, among a side of the first surface and the side of the second surface. The second member includes a third surface and a fourth surface opposing each other, and is provided with a communicating hole formed by opening both a side of the third surface and a side of the fourth surface. The first member is provided such that the first surface is in contact with a wall surface of a side of the apparatus of the case base.

Abstract: In order to restrain generation of a peak in the measured flow rate, a fluid control unit measures a flow rate of a fluid in a channel and outputs a signal indicating a valve operation amount of a fluid control valve obtained based on a deviation between a preset flow rate and a measured flow rate and a control coefficient, and the control coefficient for a stable state and the control coefficient for a transitional state are so set to moderate fluctuation of the valve operation amount to the deviation more in the transitional state than in the stable state. At or shortly after a timing when the stable state is switched to the transitional state, a signal is output that indicates an operation amount for a switching time calculated based on each of the operation amounts output at a plurality of timings in the stable state.

Abstract: A flow rate control apparatus is provided which enables high speed response particularly in a transient response state, such as when a target flow rate falls. The flow rate control apparatus includes: a valve provided with a position sensor to measure an opening degree and disposed in a flow channel; a flow rate sensor disposed upstream of the valve and provided with a restrictor; a first pressure sensor disposed downstream of the restrictor and disposed upstream of the valve; a second pressure sensor disposed downstream of the valve; a storage section to store a characteristic map indicating a relationship between at least the opening degree of the valve, a differential pressure before and after the valve, and a flow rate of a fluid passing through the flow channel; and a valve control section to control the valve so that the flow rate reaches an accepted target flow rate.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus includes an openable/closable cover body in a main body. The cover body has a first cover member, a second cover member, an engagement member, an elastic body, and a support member. The support member rotatably supports the engagement member. The support member collides with the engagement member which is energized by the elastic body and is rotated when the cover body becomes in a closed state, to stop rotation of the engagement member. The support member is fitted on the first cover member separately from the second cover member.

Abstract: The power source apparatus enables each battery pack to be charged with power supplied from an external charging power supply, and allows power stored in each battery pack to be output externally. Each battery pack is provided with battery pack fault output terminals to send battery pack error signals to other battery packs or to the protection unit when a malfunction occurs. The protection unit is provided with protection unit input-output terminals to connect with battery pack fault output terminals, and a protection circuit capable of cutting-off battery pack current. When a battery pack malfunction occurs, a battery pack error signal is output from the battery pack fault output terminals to the protection unit input-output terminals. When the protection unit detects a battery pack error signal, the protection circuit cuts-off current.

Abstract: A light flux controlling member includes a concavity on which light is incident on, a light control/emission surface that controls a traveling direction of light incident on the concavity, and a back surface that extends in a radial direction from an opening rim part of the concavity. One of a grid convex part which arranges a plurality of strips of convex parts in a grid pattern and a grid concave part which arranges a plurality of strips of concave parts in a grid pattern is formed in the back surface. A method of manufacturing the light flux controlling member includes forming one of the grid convex part and the grid concave part integrally with a main body of the light flux controlling member by integral molding using a mold having a shape corresponding to one of the grid convex part and the grid concave part.

Abstract: A surface light source device includes a light source, a plurality of light guide rods that are disposed in parallel and allow light emitted from the light source to enter through an end surface and emits the incident light through an outer peripheral surface, and a diffusion plate that transmits light emitted from the light guide rod while diffusing the light. The light guide rod includes a light control part disposed on a surface along an axis of the light guide rod, and scattering, reflecting, or emitting light guided inside the light guide rod. Further, when an angle of a direction of a perpendicular relative to an extending direction of the diffusion plate from the center of the light guide rod is set as 0°, an angle of light having peak intensity to be emitted from the light guide rod is 30° to 90°.

Abstract: A light flux controlling member includes a concavity on which light is incident on, a light control/emission surface that controls a traveling direction of light incident on the concavity, and a back surface that extends in a radial direction from an opening rim part of the concavity. One of a grid convex part which arranges a plurality of strips of convex parts in a grid pattern and a grid concave part which arranges a plurality of strips of concave parts in a grid pattern is formed in the back surface. A method of manufacturing the light flux controlling member includes forming one of the grid convex part and the grid concave part integrally with a main body of the light flux controlling member by integral molding using a mold having a shape corresponding to one of the grid convex part and the grid concave part.

Abstract: A surface light source apparatus has a light emitting element, a light flux controlling member and a light diffusing member. The light flux controlling member has: a light control/emission surface that controls a traveling direction of light; a concavity that allows a main beam to be incident inside; and a back surface that extends in a radial direction from an opening rim part of the concavity and that allows sub-beams to be incident inside. One of a grid convex part which arranges a plurality of strips of convex parts in a grid pattern and a grid concave part which arranges a plurality of strips of concave parts in a grid pattern is formed in the back surface of the light flux controlling member. Surface roughening treatment is applied to one of the strips of the convex parts and the strips of the concave parts.

Abstract: A piezoelectric vibration module includes a piezoelectric element, a wiring member connected to the piezoelectric element and drawn out to the outside, and an elastic plate bonded to one surface of the piezoelectric element, wherein the elastic plate is made of a silicone rubber.

Abstract: A surface light source device includes substrate, a plurality of light emitting devices disposed at constant intervals on substrate, and light diffusion plate disposed substantially parallel to substrate over the plurality of light emitting devices. Light emitting device includes light emitting element and light flux controlling member. A luminous intensity of light from light emitting device is gradually increased as an angle relative to optical axis becomes larger in an angular range from a direction along optical axis of light emitting device to a direction of emission of light with the highest luminous intensity from light emitting device. An angle of the light with the highest luminous intensity from the light emitting device is more than 78.7° relative to the optical axis. Surface light source device satisfies two Equations of H/P?0.2, and I1/2/I0>6.

Abstract: In one embodiment, a sheet conveying apparatus has a first conveying guide and a second conveying guide which is opposite to the first conveying guide. The sheet conveying apparatus further has at least one first concave portion. The first concave portion is provided in the first conveying guide to be recessed in a direction to separate from one surface of a sheet.

Abstract: A surface light source device includes substrate, a plurality of light emitting devices disposed at constant intervals on substrate, and light diffusion plate disposed substantially parallel to substrate over the plurality of light emitting devices. Light emitting device includes light emitting element and light flux controlling member. A luminous intensity of light from light emitting device is gradually increased as an angle relative to optical axis becomes larger in an angular range from a direction along optical axis of light emitting device to a direction of emission of light with the highest luminous intensity from light emitting device. An angle of the light with the highest luminous intensity from the light emitting device is more than 78.7° relative to the optical axis. Surface light source device satisfies two Equations of H/P?0.2, and I1/2/I0>6.

Abstract: In a surface light source device (1), a positive reflective region (23) of a reflective member (20) that is disposed on the bottom surface (4) of a housing (2) reflects light output by a light emitting device (14) toward a direction away from the light emitting device (14). As a result, the brightness of the light in the proximity of the light emitting device (14) of the surface shaped illuminating light output by a light emitting surface member (3) can be suppressed, and the brightness of light of a central part (position furthest away from the light emitting device (14)) of the surface shaped illuminating light output by the light emitting surface member (3) can be increased.

Abstract: A surface light source device (100) includes substrate (120), a plurality of light emitting devices (130) disposed at constant intervals on substrate (120), and light diffusion plate (160) disposed substantially parallel to substrate (120) over the plurality of light emitting devices (130). Light emitting device (130) includes light emitting element (140) and light flux controlling member (150). A luminous intensity of light from light emitting device (130) is gradually increased as an angle relative to optical axis (LA) becomes larger in an angular range from a direction along optical axis (LA) of light emitting device (130) to a direction of emission of light with the highest luminous intensity from light emitting device (130). Surface light source device (100) satisfies three Equations of H/P?0.2, L/P>1, and I1/2/I0>6.

Abstract: A surface light source apparatus has a light emitting element, a light flux controlling member and a light diffusing member. The light flux controlling member has: a light control/emission surface that controls a traveling direction of light; a concavity that allows a main beam to be incident inside; and a back surface that extends in a radial direction from an opening rim part of the concavity and that allows sub-beams to be incident inside. One of a grid convex part which arranges a plurality of strips of convex parts in a grid pattern and a grid concave part which arranges a plurality of strips of concave parts in a grid pattern is formed in the back surface of the light flux controlling member. Surface roughening treatment is applied to one of the strips of the convex parts and the strips of the concave parts.

Abstract: A light flux controlling member has: a light control/emission surface that controls a traveling direction of light; a concavity that allows a main beam to be incident inside; and a back surface that extends in a radial direction from an opening rim part of the concavity and that allows sub-beams to be incident inside. One of a grid convex part which arranges a plurality of strips of convex parts in a grid pattern and a grid concave part which arranges a plurality of strips of concave parts in a grid pattern is formed in the back surface of the light flux controlling member.

Abstract: A liquid crystal panel includes a first board, a second board, a sealing member, a first inner limiting portion, and a first outer limiting portion. The second board is disposed opposite the first board with internal space therebetween. The sealing member is disposed between the first and the second boards so as to surround and seal the internal space. The inner limiting portion is included in at least one of the first and the second boards and located closer to the internal space than the sealing member for limiting a forming area of the sealing member from an internal space side. The outer limiting portion is included in at least one of the first and the second boards and located on an outer side farther from the internal space than the sealing member for limiting the forming area of the sealing member from the outer side.

Abstract: A light flux controlling member includes: a rear surface; an incidence surface configured such that light emitted from a light emitting element is incident on the incidence surface, the incidence surface being the inner surface of a recess opened at the rear surface; a reflection surface configured to laterally reflect part of the light incident on the incidence surface; and an emission surface configured to emit the light reflected by the reflection surface, the emission surface being disposed to surround the central axis. The incidence surface includes a top surface and a side surface. The side surface includes a plurality of linear protrusions each including a ridge line extending from the outer rim part of the top surface to the opening edge of the recess.

Abstract: A surface light source device (100) includes substrate (120), a plurality of light emitting devices (130) disposed at constant intervals on substrate (120), and light diffusion plate (160) disposed substantially parallel to substrate (120) over the plurality of light emitting devices (130). Light emitting device (130) includes light emitting element (140) and light flux controlling member (150). A luminous intensity of light from light emitting device (130) is gradually increased as an angle relative to optical axis (LA) becomes larger in an angular range from a direction along optical axis (LA) of light emitting device (130) to a direction of emission of light with the highest luminous intensity from light emitting device (130). Surface light source device (100) satisfies three Equations of H/P?0.2, L/P>1, and I1/2/I0>6.