Abstract: A surface emission apparatus includes a first light source for emitting invisible light rays; a second light source for emitting visible light rays; a light guide having a light entrance surface for entering therethrough into the light guide the invisible light rays emitted from the first light source and the visible light rays emitted from the second light source, and a light exit surface for emitting the invisible light rays and the visible light rays therethrough out of the light guide; and a plurality of optical devices disposed on a surface of the light guide which confronts the light exit surface, for scattering more of the invisible light rays than the visible light rays.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a display device including, a visual target, and a backlight adapted to illuminate the visual target from the rear, the backlight including, a plurality of first light sources, second light sources, and a light guide plate, wherein the light guide plate has a plurality of projecting portions on a side surface portion thereof upon which the light, produced by the plurality of first and second light sources is incident, the projecting portions being arranged, along the side surface portion and project toward the one side of the given direction, the plurality of first light sources are disposed to be opposed to the tip surfaces of the plurality of projecting portions, and the second light sources are disposed to be opposed to the bottom surfaces of recessed portions formed between the plurality of projecting portions.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a display device including, a visual target, and a backlight adapted to illuminate the visual target from the rear, the backlight including, a plurality of first light sources, second light sources, and a light guide plate, wherein the light guide plate has a plurality of projecting portions on a side surface portion thereof upon which the light, produced by the plurality of first and second light sources is incident, the projecting portions being arranged, along the side surface portion and project toward the one side of the given direction, the plurality of first light sources are disposed to be opposed to the tip surfaces of the plurality of projecting portions, and the second light sources are disposed to be opposed to the bottom surfaces of recessed portions formed between the plurality of projecting portions.

Abstract: The present invention provides a backlight capable of suppressing loss of light from an invisible light source and a displaying/imaging apparatus using the same. The backlight includes: a light guide plate having a light emitting face and a rear face opposed to the light emitting face; a visible light source disposed on a side face of the light guide plate; an invisible light source disposed on a side face of the light guide plate; a first reflection film disposed on the rear face side of the light guide plate, reflecting light from the visible light source, and transmitting light from the invisible light source; and a second reflection film disposed on the rear face side of the light guide plate and reflecting light from at least the invisible light source out of the visible light source and the invisible light source.

Abstract: There is provided a display device, including a display panel; a first light emitting unit for inputting a first input light to the display panel based on a first light emitting signal; a second light emitting unit for inputting second input light to the display panel based on a second light emitting signal; and light emitting control unit for outputting the first light emitting signal, the second light emitting signal, the image signal corresponding to the first input light, and the image signal corresponding to the second input light; where the light emitting control unit performs output of the first light emitting signal and the image signal of the color corresponding to the first input light in synchronization in a first sub-frame, and performs output of the second light emitting signal and the image signal of the color corresponding to the second input light in synchronization in a second sub-frame.

Abstract: A display apparatus includes: a display panel including a plurality of pixels laid out on the surface of a pixel area of the display panel; and an illumination section configured to generate illumination light in a normal direction perpendicular to the display panel, wherein the illumination section has a light source, a light guiding board, the display panel also includes a plurality of photo sensor devices, the light source includes an invisible light source, the light guiding board includes an invisible light beam reflection section.

Abstract: A surface emission apparatus includes a first light source for emitting invisible light rays; a second light source for emitting visible light rays; a light guide having a light entrance surface for entering therethrough into the light guide the invisible light rays emitted from the first light source and the visible light rays emitted from the second light source, and a light exit surface for emitting the invisible light rays and the visible light rays therethrough out of the light guide; and a plurality of optical devices disposed on a surface of the light guide which confronts the light exit surface, for scattering more of the invisible light rays than the visible light rays.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a display apparatus including a display section; a light radiating section; a plurality of light converging lenses; and a plurality of light receiving devices, wherein the display section includes pixel areas each used for creating a pixel section, and sensor areas each used for creating one of the light receiving devices; the light radiating section outputs light and radiates the output light to the display section from a particular-side surface of the display section; each of the light converging lenses is created in one of the sensor areas each located in the display section and converges light generated by the light radiating section on a focal point inside the display section, passing on the converged light to the other-side surface of the display section; and each of the light receiving devices is created in one of the sensor areas to serve as a device for receiving light which arrives at the other-side surface of the display section as light reflected by a subject of detection.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a display device including, a visual target, and a backlight adapted to illuminate the visual target from the rear, the backlight including, a plurality of first light sources, second light sources, and a light guide plate, wherein the light guide plate has a plurality of projecting portions on a side surface portion thereof upon which the light, produced by the plurality of first and second light sources is incident, the projecting portions being arranged, along the side surface portion and project toward the one side of the given direction, the plurality of first light sources are disposed to be opposed to the tip surfaces of the plurality of projecting portions, and the second light sources are disposed to be opposed to the bottom surfaces of recessed portions formed between the plurality of projecting portions.

Abstract: A light-guiding plate has an incidence surface, an end surface formed on the side opposed to the incidence surface, and an optical surface having a surface opposed to the emission surface. The optical surface is constituted by a large number of continuous optical elements, each optical element having a curved surface which refracts part of light introduced from the incidence surface toward the end surface at a low angle along a plane parallel to the emission surface, and an inclined surface which refracts part of light refracted by the curved surface toward the emission surface.

Abstract: A display device includes a non light-emitting type display element for controlling the transmission of incident light to display an image, a light radiating unit having a light source and a photoconductor, and arranged at the back of the display element for emitting illuminating light toward the display element and reflecting ambient light incident from the front of the display element at a given reflectivity toward the display element. An illumination brightness controller is provided for controlling the intensity of the illuminating light so that the screen brightness of the display element comprising the total of reflected light of the ambient light reflected on the photoconductor and transmitted light of the illuminating light is set up into a predetermined range according to the reflectivity of the photoconductor and the environmental illumination of the ambient light radiated from the front of the display element.

Abstract: A light-guiding plate has an incidence surface, an end surface formed on the side opposed to the incidence surface, and an optical surface having a surface opposed to the emission surface. The optical surface is constituted by a large number of continuous optical elements, each optical element having a curved surface which refracts part of light introduced from the incidence surface toward the end surface at a low angle along a plane parallel to the emission surface, and an inclined surface which refracts part of light refracted by the curved surface toward the emission surface.

Abstract: A reflection plate is provided which includes a reflection film having a flat reflection surface, and an optical film provided thereon. The optical film serves to converge and emit light which has entered therein, in a direction toward an observer. The optical film has first optical interfaces, which are provided to be inclined to a first direction with respect to a normal line of the reflection surface and to reflect or refract entering light, and second optical interfaces, which are provided to be inclined in a direction opposite to the first direction and to reflect or refract entering light. In addition, the optical film has an emission surface from which reflection light from the reflection surface and reflection light and/or refraction light from the first and second optical interfaces are emitted. A groove having a triangular cross-section is formed in the back surface side defined by the first and second optical interfaces.

Abstract: An illumination panel comprises a light source, a photoconductor for guiding light from the light source, and an optical film for emitting light emitted from the photoconductor ahead of an observer. The photoconductor comprises a stepwise face having an incident end face onto which the light from the light source is projected, step faces, and step differentiating faces for emitting the light guided from the light source and connecting the step faces, and reflective films formed on the step faces. The optical film is arranged at the front side of the photoconductor, and has projected incident portions which are opposite to the step differentiating faces in a light emitting direction. The optical film emits the light emitted from the step differentiating faces ahead, and causes the light that is projected from the front to be reflected ahead on reflective faces on the step faces.

Abstract: An optical guide inserted between a liquid crystal display panel and a diffusion plate is formed by using a large number of optical fibers each obtained by coating a core with a cladding layer, and its exit surface is inclined with respect to an incident surface by a predetermined angle .theta.1. Accordingly, in assembly, it suffices to incorporate this optical guide, thus facilitating the assembling operation. In this case, image light emerging from the exit surface of the optical guide obliquely upward to the left is refracted by a refractor in a direction perpendicular to the exit surface of the refractor.

Abstract: In a distance measuring apparatus in accordance with the present invention, a light beam of a wide solid angle is projected on a photographic object by means of a strobo light source, and reflected rays are received by a photoelectric device array which has a predetermined number of photoelectric devices each with narrow directivity which are comparable to solid angles necessary to see the object from the photoelectric devices disposed with their optical axes at predetermined angular pitches. When the output of a photoelectric device, which is issuing maximum amplitude output, is selected by means of a maximum value detector circuit, and a distance signal is discriminated from background noises such as sun light or electric illumination light by passing through a differentiating circuit, and then being processed by a function circuit and fed to a lens driving system or indicator.

Abstract: Instant-printing film further comprises a magnetic sound-recording band on one end part thereof, and is installed in an instant-printing camera which has a sweeping magnetic recording/reproducing head that sweeps touching and along the magnetic sound recording band, thereby enables recording of ambient sound of the photographic scenery, or reproducing of the recorded sound while seeing the instant-printed photography.

Abstract: A composition comprising:(a) a curable organosilicic compound containing hydroxyl group or alkoxy group bonded to silicon,(b) cyclic amidines or weak acid salts of said cyclic amidines and(c) a solvent for them.

Abstract: Electron beam machining apparatus of the dynamic seal type, characterized by upper and lower fixed plates for fixedly clamping a workpiece therebetween, which plates define upper and lower vacuum chambers; a movable plate disposed on said upper fixed plate so as to be movable in the working direction, said plate defining a movable chamber which communicates with said upper vacuum chamber, said upper and lower vacuum chambers and the movable chamber providing a working chamber of the apparatus; inflatable seal members for said upper and lower vacuum chambers; said upper and lower plates defining auxiliary vacuum chambers located outwardly of and encircling their respective fixed vacuum chambers, an upper wall of said upper vacuum chamber defining an opening in the form of a V-shaped groove which extends in the working direction of V-belt seal, and by a belt seal guide tube mounted on said movable plate and extending in the working direction, to enclose the electron gun, said V-belt fitting into said groove in

Abstract: A reflector apparatus for reflecting light produced by a flash light apparatus such as a flash bulb, an electronic flash apparatus or the like, comprises a sealable container capable of tightly containing a gas therein. The container is in the form of a substantially spherical configuration when inflated and is made of a soft and flexible material, a half portion of which is transparent while the other half portion reflects light. The light rays from the flash apparatus are transmitted through the transparent portion and are reflected by the reflecting portion toward an object to be illuminated.