Abstract: A proton conducting polymer obtained by blending an organic phosphoric acid compound solution with a meta type polyaniline solution; a solid polymer electrolyte for a fuel cell comprising the proton conducting polymer, which is excellent in proton conductivity, methanol barrier property and dopant stability in an aqueous solution of methanol; and an electrode comprising the proton conducting and fine catalyst particles carried on porous particles.

Abstract: A proton conducting polymer obtained by blending an organic phosphoric acid compound solution with a meta type polyaniline solution; a solid polymer electrolyte for a fuel cell comprising the proton conducting polymer, which is excellent in proton conductivity, methanol barrier property and dopant stability in an aqueous solution of methanol; and an electrode comprising the proton conducting and fine catalyst particles carried on porous particles.

Abstract: Described herein is a production method of sulfonated polyarylene that is safe and enables easy control of the amount and position of sulfonic groups introduced in the polymer. The sulfonated polyarylene is also disclosed. The invention further provides a polyarylene and an aromatic sulfonate derivative that are suitably employed in the above production method. Also provided are a macromolecular solid electrolyte that comprises the sulfonated polyarylene, and a proton conductive membrane.

Abstract: There is provided an electrode structure for a polymer electrolyte fuel cell having excellent power generation performance and excellent durability and a method for manufacturing the same. Also provided is a polymer electrolyte fuel cell including the electrode structure and an electrical apparatus and a transport apparatus using the polymer electrolyte fuel cell. The electrode structure includes a polymer electrolyte membrane 2 sandwiched between a pair of electrode catalyst layers 1, 1 containing carbon particles supporting catalyst particles. The polymer electrolyte membrane 2 is made of a sulfonated polyarylene-based polymer. The sulfonated polyarylene-based polymer has an ion exchange capacity in the range of 1.7 to 2.3 meq/g, and the polymer contains a component insoluble in N-methylpyrrolidone in an amount of 70% or less relative to the total amount of the polymer, after the polymer is subjected to heat treatment for exposing it under a constant temperature atmosphere of 120° C. for 200 hours.

Abstract: The operating condition is set so that a phosphoric acid concentration, at which an amount of reaction product water to lower a concentration of phosphoric acid and an amount of water evaporated from phosphoric acid are equilibrated, can be not less than a reference phosphoric acid concentration to maintain desired performance, when a phosphoric acid fuel cell is operated under a condition where the reaction product water exists as liquid water. Specifically, an equilibrium phosphoric acid concentration-setting system is used to control, if necessary, gas flow rate control systems, gas temperature control systems, and pressure control systems so as to effectively prevent the performance of the phosphoric acid fuel cell and its power generation from being worsened. Accordingly, it is possible to suitably operate the phosphoric acid fuel cell at a low temperature without additional equipments.

Abstract: Before a phosphoric acid fuel cell generates electric energy, a cathode is supplied with a hydrogen gas (fuel gas) and air (oxygen-containing gas) to cause a reaction between hydrogen and oxygen. At this time, the hydrogen and the oxygen are caused to react with each other under a condition in which the concentration of phosphoric acid at the time the amount of water produced by the reaction (liquid water) for reducing the concentration of phosphoric acid and the amount of water evaporated from phosphoric acid are in equilibrium is equal to or greater than a reference phosphoric acid concentration which is capable of keeping the fuel cell at a desired performance level. The temperature of an electrolyte electrode assembly of the fuel cell is increased by the heat which is generated by the reaction.

Abstract: Sulfonic acid group-containing polyvinyl alcohol having crosslinked structures, which is obtained by heat treating a mixed solution of polyvinyl alcohol, a sulfonating agent and a crosslinking agent, a composite polymer membrane excellent in proton conductivity and methanol barrier property, which is obtained by applying the mixed solution to a water-absorptive or hydrophilic polymer membrane, followed by sulfonation and crosslinking, and an electrode for a fuel cell excellent in catalytic activity, which comprises sulfonic acid group-containing polyvinyl alcohol having crosslinked structures and fine catalyst particles carried on porous particles.

Abstract: A proton conducting polymer obtained by blending an organic phosphoric acid compound solution with a meta type polyaniline solution; a solid polymer electrolyte for a fuel cell comprising the proton conducting polymer, which is excellent in proton conductivity, methanol barrier property and dopant stability in an aqueous solution of methanol; and an electrode comprising the proton conducting and fine catalyst particles carried on porous particles.

Abstract: A proton conducting polymer obtained by blending an organic phosphoric acid compound solution with a meta type polyaniline solution; a solid polymer electrolyte for a fuel cell comprising the proton conducting polymer, which is excellent in proton conductivity, methanol barrier property and dopant stability in an aqueous solution of methanol; and an electrode comprising the proton conducting and fine catalyst particles carried on porous particles.

Abstract: A proton conducting polymer obtained by blending an organic phosphoric acid compound solution with a meta type polyaniline solution; a solid polymer electrolyte for a fuel cell comprising the proton conducting polymer, which is excellent in proton conductivity, methanol barrier property and dopant stability in an aqueous solution of methanol; and an electrode comprising the proton conducting and fine catalyst particles carried on porous particles.

Abstract: A solid polymer electrolyte membrane excellent in proton conductivity and methanol barrier property, which is composed of a composite membrane obtained by allowing aniline to be adsorbed by a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer membrane, and subjecting the aniline to oxidative polymerization to form a polyaniline-containing polymer membrane.

Abstract: A phosphoric acid fuel cell is efficiently produced. As a matrix, a material is used which can hold therein a impregnating liquid electrolyte and which can release the impregnating liquid electrolyte when the material is pressed. In step S1, the matrix is impregnated with the liquid electrolyte such as phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, and methanesulfonic acid to provide an electrolyte layer. In step S2, the electrolyte layer is interposed between an anode electrode and a cathode electrode to provide a stack. In step S3, the stack is pressed. By pressing the stack, the electrolyte layer is joined to the anode electrode and the cathode electrode and the liquid electrolyte is diffused from the matrix to electrode catalyst layers of both of the electrodes.

Abstract: The operating condition is set so that a phosphoric acid concentration, at which an amount of reaction product water to lower a concentration of phosphoric acid and an amount of water evaporated from phosphoric acid are equilibrated, can be not less than a reference phosphoric acid concentration to maintain desired performance, when a phosphoric acid fuel cell is operated under a condition where the reaction product water exists as liquid water. Specifically, an equilibrium phosphoric acid concentration-setting system is used to control, if necessary, gas flow rate control systems, gas temperature control systems, and pressure control systems so as to effectively prevent the performance of the phosphoric acid fuel cell and its power generation from being worsened. Accordingly, it is possible to suitably operate the phosphoric acid fuel cell at a low temperature without additional equipments.

Abstract: A novel method for producing a meta type polyaniline, comprising polymerizing aniline in at least one organic solvent selected from N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, N,N-dimethyl sulfoxide, N,N-dimethylacetamide and N,N-dimethylformamide, in the presence of at least one oxidizing agent selected from ammonium peroxodisulfate, iron(III) chloride, manganese dioxide and hydrogen peroxide, at −20° C. to 50° C.

Abstract: This invention provides a solid polymer electrolyte which is low in water absorption, from which no dopant runs out even in pressing, and which is excellent in stability in the presence of water or methanol, proton conductivity and methanol barrier properties, in which an imidazole ring-containing polymer such as a polybenzimidazole compound is doped with an acid in which at least one hydrogen atom of an inorganic acid such as phosphoric acid is substituted by a functional group having a phenyl group by blending the imidazole ring-containing polymer with the acid in a solution using a solvent such as trifluoroacetic acid, preferably at a rate of 1 to 10 molecules of the acid per repeating structure unit of a molecular chain of the imidazole ring-containing polymer, the solid polymer electrolyte.

Abstract: An integrally formed article of thermoplastic composite members having a first member which is a preformed laminate of a plurality of thermoplastic composite fabrics comprising reinforcing fibers and a thermoplastic resin, and a second member which is a partially bonded laminate of a plurality of thermoplastic composite fabrics comprising reinforcing fibers and a thermoplastic resin, a not-bonded portion of the second member being bent, brought into contact with the first member, and heated at a temperature equal to or higher than a melting point of the thermoplastic resin under pressure so that the not-bonded portion of the second member is integrally bonded to the first member.

Abstract: An integrally formed article of thermoplastic composite members having a first member which is a preformed laminate of a plurality of thermoplastic composite fabrics comprising reinforcing fibers and a thermoplastic resin, and a second member which is a partially bonded laminate of a plurality of thermoplastic composite fabrics comprising reinforcing fibers and a thermoplastic resin, a not-bonded portion of the second member being bent, brought into contact with the first member, and heated at a temperature equal to or higher than a melting point of the thermoplastic resin under pressure so that the not-bonded portion of the second member is integrally bonded to the first member.

Abstract: The composite material having improved toughness is produced by preparing a laminate from reinforcing fibers and a thermoplastic resin; heating the laminate at a temperature higher than a melting point of the thermoplastic resin under pressure; quenching the composite material at an initial cooling rate of 100.degree. C./min or more, thereby providing the PEEK in the resulting composite material with a degree of crystallization equal to or lower than 75% of the maximum degree of crystallization of the thermoplastic resin.

Abstract: A female member of a snap fastener comprising a holding part to be retained on material and a fitting part provided with a through-hole substantially at its center for closely contacting a fitting head of a male body of the snap fastener. The holding part includes an upper edge inclined to accept the fitting head of the male body and is molded with an elastic synthetic resin in one unit. Since the fitting convex part is inclined in the direction for receiving the fitting head of the male body, it is easy for the fitting head of the male body to slip into the through-hole when inserting the fitting head of the male body, thereby facilitating engagement.

Abstract: A pressure transducer for automobiles comprises a closed housing, a member for detecting the pressure in the suction pipe of an engine and converting the pressure detected into electric signals, an amplification circuit disposed in the closed housing, and an air passage. The air passage communicates with the atmosphere, but prevents water from penetrating therethrough into the closed housing. The air passage comprises an air hole formed in a member defining the closed housing about terminals provided for leading the electric signals out of the closed housing.