Abstract: Disclosed is a semiconductor device having a structure capable of reducing the self-inductance of internal wiring. The semiconductor device includes: a lower board having a lower conductor layer formed on the surface thereof; a switching element bonded to the lower conductor layer in an element bonding area; a terminal bonded to the lower conductor layer in a terminal bonding area; an upper board stacked on the lower board in a board bonding area between the element bonding area and the terminal bonding area, and having an upper conductor layer on the surface thereof; and a switching element connecting member which connects the switching element with the upper conductor layer.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a fluorescent powder composed mainly of an acicular or fibrous zinc oxide single crystal with an aspect ratio of 5 or higher is produced by the following steps: a step of producing a raw material solution selected from the group consisting of a raw material solution (A) that is an alkali solution containing zing ions, a raw material solution (B) that is a solution containing zinc ions and ions of dopant element, and a mixed solution of the raw material solution (A) and the raw material solution (B); and a hydrothermal reaction step wherein a hydrothermal reaction of the mixed solution is carried out in a hermetically sealed vessel at a subcritical or supercritical temperature and at a subcritical or supercritical pressure. A zinc oxide single crystal powder can be produced at low cost without the need for a pulverization step or a similar step and high-density orientation can be realized by such crystal powder.

Abstract: A catalyst 1 for exhaust gas treatment is processed by depositing noble metal particles 30 on an oxygen storage/release material 20 and by coating a coating layer 40 on the material 20, the coating layer 40 comprising a sulfate compound of the metallic element contained in the material 20. In the catalyst 1, the material 20 can prevent from being reacted with sulfur contents contained in the exhaust gas for forming a new sulfate compound on the surface. Moreover, the temporarily-concentration increasing of the hydrogen sulfide in the exhaust gas can be prevented, which is caused by the sulfur contents adsorbed on the material from the exhaust gas.

Abstract: According to the present invention, a fluorescent powder composed mainly of an acicular or fibrous zinc oxide single crystal with an aspect ratio of 5 or higher is produced by the following steps: a step of producing a raw material solution selected from the group consisting of a raw material solution (A) that is an alkali solution containing zing ions, a raw material solution (B) that is a solution containing zinc ions and ions of dopant element, and a mixed solution of the raw material solution (A) and the raw material solution (B); and a hydrothermal reaction step wherein a hydrothermal reaction of the mixed solution is carried out in a hermetically sealed vessel at a subcritical or supercritical temperature and at a subcritical or supercritical pressure. A zinc oxide single crystal powder can be produced at low cost without the need for a pulverization step or a similar step and high-density orientation can be realized by such crystal powder.

Abstract: According to the present invention, it is possible to easily and rapidly detect a reaction of a substance without the need for an expensive and large-scaled equipment or measuring instrument. The reaction detecting method of the invention comprises detecting a reaction of a substance in an electrolytic solution on the basis of measurement of an electric conductivity of the electrolytic solution. There is provided an immune reaction detecting method comprising detecting an immune reaction between an antigen and an antibody in the electrolyte on the basis of an measurement of electric conductivity of the electrolytic solution. Furthermore, there is provided an immune reaction detecting method comprising detecting an immune reaction between an antigen and an antibody in a subject solution on the basis of measurement of a temperature of the subject solution.

Abstract: A screw capper includes a capping head which comprises a chuck for holding a cap, a motor for driving the chuck for rotation, a cam mechanism for elevating the chuck, and an air cylinder for imparting a load to the chuck. A load imparted by the air cylinder is controlled by a controller to be zero from the beginning of a screwing and tightening operation until an angle of rotation of the chuck exceeds a specific angle where the load is changed, and is controlled to a higher value upon detection of an angle of rotation of the chuck which exceeds the specific angle in the course of the screwing and tightening operation. The arrangement allows a reliable screwing and tightening to be achieved as compared with the prior art while preventing a damage to threads or the occurrence of a cocked cap.

Abstract: A screw capper includes a capping head which comprises a chuck for holding a cap, a motor for driving the chuck for rotation, a cam mechanism for elevating the chuck, and an air cylinder for imparting a load to the chuck. A load imparted by the air cylinder is controlled by a controller to be zero from the beginning of a screwing and tightening operation until an angle of rotation of the chuck exceeds a specific angle where the load is changed, and is controlled to a higher value upon detection of an angle of rotation of the chuck which exceeds the specific angle in the course of the screwing and tightening operation. The arrangement allows a reliable screwing and tightening to be achieved as compared with the prior art while preventing a damage to threads or the occurrence of a cocked cap.

Abstract: In an exhaust gas in an oxygen-rich atmosphere, a method of purifying an exhaust gas and a catalyst for purifying an exhaust gas, which can exhibit a high NOx conversion securely, are provided. Disclosed is a method of purifying an exhaust gas that reduces and purifies NOx in an exhaust gas in an oxygen-rich atmosphere. Here, as a catalyst for purifying an exhaust gas, a loading layer comprising zeolite is loaded with alumina sulfate and cerium sulfate-zirconium composite oxide, and Pt is loaded on these. And, in a temperature range where HC are not oxidized, the HC are adsorbed and held by the zeolite, the HC, which the zeolite releases at the temperature increment, are subjected to cracking by the zeolite, the alumina sulfate and the cerium sulfate-zirconium composite oxide, and the thus produced low-grade HC are turned into reducing agents, thereby reducing and purifying the NOx in the exhaust gas.

Abstract: The present invention has as its objective the provision of a cemented carbide (for a drill) which has excellent breakage resistance and which displays good adhesion when coated with a hard-carbon coating; as well as the provision of a drill for forming holes in printed circuit boards which is made using said cemented carbide. It is a WC-iron group metal cemented carbide having as its main component WC having an average grain size of 0.7 .mu.m or less; containing 0.1 to 3.0 weight percent of one or more types selected from the group consisting of V, Cr, Ta and Mo; whose surface layer consists of substantially only WC or only WC grains and components other than binder phase comprising iron group metals; wherein the average grain size of the WC in the surface layer is larger than the average grain size of the WC in the interior; and wherein the Young's Modulus at the interior is 600 MPa or higher.

Abstract: An electrostatic recording material includes a conductive layer and a dielectric layer successively superimposed on a support. The dielectric layer contains an insulating resin and a pigment composition. The pigment composition includes silicon dioxide and a pigment component having a Mohs' scale hardness of 3.5 or less. This material simultaneously solves the prior art problems of "dropouts" and "flares" and improves the density of the printed areas.

Abstract: A method for the direct, mathematical reconstruction of the image of an object from measurements of the transmitted intensity of the scattered radiation effected by irradiating the object. The transmitted coefficient is related to the image by an integral operator. The image is directly, mathematical reconstructed by executing a prescribed mathematical algorithm, as determined with reference to the integral operator, on the transmitted coefficient, the algorithm further relating the absorption coefficient, the diffusion coefficient, or both to the transmitted coefficient by a different integral operator.

Abstract: A method for the direct reconstruction of an object from measurements of the quantum efficiency determined from both a diffusing wave and a reradiated diffusing wave effected by irradiating the object with a source of radiation. The quantum efficiency is related to the number density of the fluorescent source distribution defining the image to be reconstructed by an integral operator. The image of the object is directly reconstructed by executing a prescribed mathematical algorithm, as determined with reference to the integral operator, on the quantum efficiency.

Abstract: An optical disk apparatuses includes a turntable with a bearing surface, and a spindle motor for rotating the turntable. The spindle shaft has a cylindrical first shaft having an upper end flush with the bearing surface, and a second shaft having an upper end portion and arranged in the first shaft to be slidable between an engaging position in which the upper end portion projects from the upper end of the first shaft to engage a center hole of an optical disk placed on the bearing surface and a depressed position in which the upper end portion is recessed from the upper end of the first shaft to be disengaged from the optical disk. The second shaft is moved by a spindle moving mechanism from the first position to the second position when the optical disk is to be loaded on and unloaded from the turntable.

Abstract: A movable-side support member having a lens holding portion is connected to a stationary-side support member by two parallel elastic support plates. The objective lens held by the lens holding portion can be moved away from the data-recording surface of an optical disk as the elastic support plates are elastically deformed. The stationary-side support member is fastened to a carriage and can be moved in the radial direction of the optical disk as the carriage moves in that direction. The elastic support plates are inserted in the movable-side support member and the stationary-side support member, respectively, and are integral therewith--not overlapping each other.

Abstract: An optical disk apparatus includes a turntable with a bearing surface, and a spindle motor for rotating the turntable. The spindle shaft has a cylindrical first shaft having an upper end flush with the bearing surface, and a second shaft having an upper end portion and arranged in the first shaft to be slidable between an engaging position in which the upper end portion projects from the upper end of the first shaft to engage a center hole of an optical disk placed on the bearing surface and a depressed position in which the upper end portion is recessed from the upper end of the first shaft to be disengaged from the optical disk. The second shaft is moved by a spindle moving mechanism from the first position to the second position when the optical disk is to be loaded on and unloaded from the turntable.

Abstract: A movable-side support member having a lens holding portion is connected to a stationary-side support member by two parallel elastic support plates. The objective lens held by the lens holding portion can be moved away from the data-recording surface of an optical disk as the elastic support plates are elastically deformed. The stationary-side support member is fastened to a carriage and can be moved in the radial direction of the optical disk as the carriage moves in that direction. The elastic support plates are inserted in the movable-side support member and the stationary-side support member, respectively, and are integral therewith; not overlapping each other.

Abstract: A miniature switching unit including two fixed contact pieces arranged one above the other and fixed to terminals, respectively, and a movable contact piece. Each of the fixed contact pieces is made of springy wire members and includes parallel portions having equal inner distances, respectively. The movable contact piece in the form of a rod having a thickness slightly larger than the inner distances of the parallel portions of the fixed contact pieces and includes an intermediate insulator, an upper conductor axially, concentrically and integrally connected to the upper end of the intermediate insulator and a forward conductor axially, concentrically and integrally connected to the lower end of the intermediate insulator.

Abstract: An information processing unit of the present invention stores at least information from an optical disc by directing a laser beam, under the application of a magnetic field, onto the optical disc with the information recorded thereon. The device includes a housing having an access hole through which the optical disc is inserted and a record/playback/erase head for providing an illumination using the laser beam and electromagnet for generating the magnetic field. A movable first guide member is provided for guiding a first holding member for holding a cartridge with the optical disc held therein and second holding member for holding an electromagnet and a fixed second guide member is provided for guiding the first guide member and first holding member.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method for assaying basic fetoprotein in urine comprising an antigen-antibody reaction with the use of anti-basic fetoprotein antibodies, and an assay kit used for performing said method comprising a first anti-basic fetoprotein antibody, a marker second anti-basic fetoprotein antibody, a solid phase and a standard basic fetoprotein antigen, characterized in that the first antibody and the second antibody react with antigenic determinants different from each other.

Abstract: An information processing apparatus includes a casing having a loading slot through which a cartridge is inserted into and taken out of the casing. In the casing is arranged an information processing unit which has a drive base mechanism for information processing with an optical disc in the cartridge and a loading mechanism for loading and unloading the cartridge onto and from the drive base mechanism. The processing unit is elastically supported in the casing by a vibration insulating mechanism so that vibrations acting on the unit are absorbed. While a cartridge is being inserted into or taken out of the casing, the processing unit is locked at a specified position by a locking mechanism. When the cartridge is completely loaded onto the drive base mechanism, the locking mechanism releases the locked state of the unit.