Abstract: A glass window antenna for use in a motor vehicle provides satisfactory antenna characteristics while making best use of the space of a glass window with a heating conductor as the main antenna element which is heated by a pair of power supply lines through choke coils. In a preferred embodiment, a capacitor is connected across the power supply lines at a position between the choke coils and the heating conductor to minimize the loss or leakage of radio signals from the heating conductor through the choke coils. A symmetrical pair of wires coupled with each other is formed on the glass window and connected to ends of the heating conductor to improve a radio wave reception gain.

Abstract: The disclosure is directed to a vehicle window equipped with a radio antenna as well as a heating defroster. A laminated window glass is employed advantageously which comprises inner and outer plates of glass facing respectively the interior and exterior of the vehicle. The heating structure is mounted on a first surface of the laminated glass. At least part of the antenna elements is formed on a second surface which is different from the first surface supporting the heater elements. The antenna bearing surface and/or heater bearing surface may be any surface of the laminated glass; the outer surface of the outer glass plate should be excluded from the supporting surface, however, because such surface is exposed to the exterior of the vehicle. Therefore, a relatively large area is always available for the antenna structure irrespective of the size of the window. It becomes more flexible and easier to make the design of antenna having the desired characteristics.

Abstract: A method for isomerization of trans-form 2-methylspiro(1,3-oxathiolane-5,3')quinuclidine or acid addition salts thereof, which comprises isomerizing said trans-form quinuclidine or acid addition salts thereof to cis-form 2-methylspiro(1,3-oxathiolane-5,3')quinuclidine or acid addition salts thereof in the presence of at least one acid catalyst selected from the group consisting of an organic sulfuric acid, a halide functioning as a Lewis acid, and sulfuric acid.

Abstract: 4-Benzoyl-5-hydroxypyrazoles useful as herbicidal active ingredients, their intermediate or stabilizers against heat, oxidation or ultraviolet light are produced by a condensation of a pyrazolone, tetrachloromethane and a benzene compound in the presence of an aluminium halide, followed by a hydrolysis reaction with industrial advantages.

Abstract: 4-Benzoyl-5-hydroxypyrazoles useful as herbicidal active ingredients or their intermediate are produced by a condensation of a pyrazolone and a benzotrichloride followed by a hydrolysis reaction with industrial advantages.

Abstract: In a light wave distance measuring method and apparatus for measuring the distance between spaced locations and for providing an output indicating the distance measurement, the prevailing meteorological conditions at each of the spaced locations are automatically measured simultaneously with the measurement of the distance between the locations and the distance measurement is automatically corrected to eliminate error due to variations in the meteorological conditions from predetermined meteorological conditions.