Abstract: Disclosed is an image forming system including: an image former that forms an image on a recording medium; a first characteristic detector that is provided on an upstream side of the image former in a conveyance direction of the recording medium and detects characteristic information corresponding to a characteristic of the recording medium; and a second characteristic detector that is provided on a downstream side of the image former in the conveyance direction of the recording medium and detects the characteristic information. Based on a detection result of one characteristic detector that is one of the first characteristic detector and the second characteristic detector, the other characteristic detector of the first characteristic detector and the second characteristic detector is controlled.

Abstract: An inspection apparatus that is capable of inspecting a sheet includes a hardware processor. The hardware processor detects a defect in laminating processing in a sheet that has been laminated with a film by the laminating processing.

Abstract: Disclosed is a maintenance management device, including: a communicator that communicates with a device to be maintained; and a hardware processor that: regularly receives a regular report indicating deterioration/exhaustion information for a plurality of replacement parts, from the device to be maintained; specifies the replacement part for which the deterioration/exhaustion information is required before a next regular report is received and a timing of obtaining the deterioration/exhaustion information for the specified replacement part, in accordance with the received regular report; and requests a temporary report indicating the deterioration/exhaustion information for the specified replacement part, to the device to be maintained at the specified timing, and obtaining the temporary report.

Abstract: Disclosed is a maintenance management device, including: a communicator that communicates with a device to be maintained; and a hardware processor that: regularly receives a regular report indicating deterioration/exhaustion information for a plurality of replacement parts, from the device to be maintained; specifies the replacement part for which the deterioration/exhaustion information is required before a next regular report is received and a timing of obtaining the deterioration/exhaustion information for the specified replacement part, in accordance with the received regular report; and requests a temporary report indicating the deterioration/exhaustion information for the specified replacement part, to the device to be maintained at the specified timing, and obtaining the temporary report.

Abstract: An image forming device continuously forming an image according to a job in a conveying direction of along continuous paper includes: an image formation section forming the image according to the job on the continuous paper; an interval setting section setting a job interval of the image according to the job, which is continuously formed by the image formation section, on the basis of an operation from a user; an image forming process switching section switching two states of a state where the image formation section forms a color image and a state where the image formation section forms a monochromic image; and a switching determination section determining whether or not the two states are switched on the basis of a comparison result between the job interval set by the interval setting section and a paper conveying distance according to a switching time required for switching the two states.

Abstract: An image forming device continuously forming an image according to a job in a conveying direction of along continuous paper includes: an image formation section forming the image according to the job on the continuous paper; an interval setting section setting a job interval of the image according to the job, which is continuously formed by the image formation section, on the basis of an operation from a user; an image forming process switching section switching two states of a state where the image formation section forms a color image and a state where the image formation section forms a monochromic image; and a switching determination section determining whether or not the two states are switched on the basis of a comparison result between the job interval set by the interval setting section and a paper conveying distance according to a switching time required for switching the two states.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus that sets an output unit configured by a plurality of pages of which the order is determined as one copy and outputs the a plurality of copies of output units as a JOB includes an image forming unit that sequentially forms images corresponding to the plurality of pages on a plurality of sheets, a control unit that performs a calculation process of image eigenvalues based on the images for each of output units, a first storage unit storing a result of the calculation process performed for a reference copy of the output unit that is a specific one copy out of the plurality of copies of the output units, and a second storage unit storing a result of the calculation process performed for a copy of the output unit other than the reference copy out of the plurality of copies of the output units.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus that sets an output unit configured by a plurality of pages of which the order is determined as one copy and outputs the a plurality of copies of output units as a JOB includes an image forming unit that sequentially forms images corresponding to the plurality of pages on a plurality of sheets, a control unit that performs a calculation process of image eigenvalues based on the images for each of output units, a first storage unit storing a result of the calculation process performed for a reference copy of the output unit that is a specific one copy out of the plurality of copies of the output units, and a second storage unit storing a result of the calculation process performed for a copy of the output unit other than the reference copy out of the plurality of copies of the output units.

Abstract: Disclosed is an image forming apparatus including: a display section for executing display based on image data including a plurality of images; a first image processing section for generating first images respectively corresponding to the images included in the image data, to which an image process based on information of a job is not executed; a second image processing section for generating a second image obtained by executing the image process based on the information of the job to the image data of the first image currently displayed in the display section; and a control section for causing the display section to display the first image corresponding to the image data to which the job is set and to switch the currently displayed first image to the corresponding second image after completing a generation of the second image by the second image processing section.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus, including: an image forming unit to perform an image formation on paper; a storage unit to store a printing rate coefficient corresponding to one of printing rate levels, the printing rate levels being a plurality of levels into which a printing rate is divided, the printing rate coefficient being stored for each of the printing rate levels; a coefficient changing operation section for changing a printing rate coefficient for each of the printing rate levels; and a control unit to calculate a printing rate on each page of the paper on which the image formation is performed, to read a printing rate coefficient, corresponding to one of the printing rate levels to which the calculated printing rate belongs, from the storage unit, and to add up the read printing rate coefficient as a count coefficient.

Abstract: An image forming apparatus including a replaceable image forming unit for yellow and others mounted on a photocopier body to share the load of implementing image forming output functions for each color; a memory section on the apparatus body side for storing information of the image forming unit for yellow and others; an operation display section for setting a plurality of body memory areas for unit management to the memory section; and a control section for controlling the image forming unit for yellow as a replaceable spare part for the image forming unit for yellow and others as a regularly installed part, and for processing unit information for each image forming unit for yellow, using a plurality of body memory areas of the set memory section.

Abstract: Disclosed is an image forming apparatus including: a display section for executing display based on image data including a plurality of images; a first image processing section for generating first images respectively corresponding to the images included in the image data, to which an image process based on information of a job is not executed; a second image processing section for generating a second image obtained by executing the image process based on the information of the job to the image data of the first image currently displayed in the display section; and a control section for causing the display section to display the first image corresponding to the image data to which the job is set and to switch the currently displayed first image to the corresponding second image after completing a generation of the second image by the second image processing section.

Abstract: A sheet holding apparatus having: a feeding mechanism to feed a sheet on which an image is formed by an image forming apparatus, from a predetermined feeding position; a tray section having a tray to contain the sheet fed through the feeding mechanism; an initialization mechanism to initialize the tray section; and a control section to make a determination about necessity or unnecessity of an initialization of the tray section and/or a content of the initialization on the basis of information about a position of the tray, which is notified from the image forming apparatus, and to control the initialization of the tray section through the initialization mechanism according to the determination.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical system having a plurality of optical elements, for use in an optical instrument or a projection exposure apparatus, arranged to maintain a best optical performance by controlling a relative position of the plurality of optical elements. The optical system includes a reference mirror, a first measuring system for measuring a relative position, with respect to the reference mirror, of a first optical element among the plurality of optical elements and/or a first target mirror disposed so that a relative position thereof with respect to the first optical element is kept substantially unchanged, and a second measuring system for measuring a relative position, with respect to the reference mirror, of a second optical element among the plurality of optical elements and/or a second target mirror disposed so that a relative position thereof with respect to the second optical element is kept substantially unchanged.

Abstract: There is provided a shape measuring apparatus using an interferometer comprising a lens for condensing temporarily light waves from a light source, and a light wave shaping plate having a pinhole with suitable size adapted to convert the condensed light waves into an ideal spherical wave and a window provided in the vicinity of the pinhole and having enough size to pass therethrough light wave surface information, in which at least one lens having a reference surface and a surface to be measured the optical axes of which are slightly decentered in an optical path of the light waves passed through the pinhole is arranged in a position where the light waves which are made incident perpendicularly to the reference surface to be reflected therefrom pass through the pinhole again, and the light reflected from the surface to be measured pass through the window, and the reflected light reflected by the reference surface to pass through the pinhole again and the reflected light reflected by the surface to be measured

Abstract: A sheet holding apparatus having: a feeding mechanism to feed a sheet on which an image is formed by an image forming apparatus, from a predetermined feeding position; a tray section having a tray to contain the sheet fed through the feeding mechanism; an initialization mechanism to initialize the tray section; and a control section to make a determination about necessity or unnecessity of an initialization of the tray section and/or a content of the initialization on the basis of information about a position of the tray, which is notified from the image forming apparatus, and to control the initialization of the tray section through the initialization mechanism according to the determination.

Abstract: Disclosed is an optical system having a plurality of optical elements, for use in an optical instrument or a projection exposure apparatus, arranged to maintain a best optical performance by controlling a relative position of the plurality of optical elements. The optical system includes a reference mirror, a first measuring system for measuring a relative position, with respect to the reference mirror, of a first optical element among the plurality of optical elements and/or a first target mirror disposed so that a relative position thereof with respect to the first optical element is kept substantially unchanged, and a second measuring system for measuring a relative position, with respect to the reference mirror, of a second optical element among the plurality of optical elements and/or a second target mirror disposed so that a relative position thereof with respect to the second optical element is kept substantially unchanged.

Abstract: There is provided a shape measuring apparatus which defines an XYZ-axis coordinate and measures a surface shape of an object, the apparatus including a plurality of probes arranged in a Y-axis direction, the probes contacting a surface of the object, and moving in a Z-axis direction according to the surface shape of the object, a probe holder for holding each of the plurality of probes movable in the Z-axis direction, a moving mechanism for moving the probe holding mechanism in an X-axis direction relative to the object, first and second measuring instruments for measuring positions of each probe in the X-axis and Y-axis directions, a third measuring instrument for measuring a position of each probe in the Z-axis direction; and a computing unit for calculating the surface shape of the object based on measuring results from the first, second, and third measuring instruments.

Abstract: There is provided a shape measuring apparatus using an interferometer comprising a lens for condensing temporarily light waves from a light source, and a light wave shaping plate having a pinhole with suitable size adapted to convert the condensed light waves into an ideal spherical wave and a window provided in the vicinity of the pinhole and having enough size to pass therethrough light wave surface information, in which at least one lens having a reference surface and a surface to be measured the optical axes of which are slightly decentered in an optical path of the light waves passed through the pinhole is arranged in a position where the light waves which are made incident perpendicularly to the reference surface to be reflected therefrom pass through the pinhole again, and the light reflected from the surface to be measured pass through the window, and the reflected light reflected by the reference surface to pass through the pinhole again and the reflected light reflected by the surface to be measured

Abstract: An apparatus for finishing sheets is provided with a sheet conveyor to convey a sheet in a predetermined sheet conveyance direction on a sheet conveyance path; and a stapling device to conduct an edge stapling processing to put staple pins into an edge portion of sheets and a center stapling processing to put staple pins at a central portion of sheets, the stapling device having a plurality of staplers arranged in a direction perpendicular to the sheet conveyance direction, each of the plurality of staplers constructed in a two-divided piece structure including a driving mechanism provided one side of the sheet conveyance passage so as to put the staple pins into the sheets and a receiving mechanism provided the other side of the sheet conveyance passage so as to clinch the staple pins, and at least one of the plurality of staplers movable in a direction perpendicular to the sheet conveyance direction.