Abstract: A piezoelectric element including an upper electrode, a piezoelectric and/or electrostrictive material and a lower electrode, characterized in that the piezoelectric and/or electrostrictive material is a composite oxide constituted by ABO3 as general formula and the piezoelectric and/or electrostrictive material has a twin crystal.

Abstract: A piezoelectric element including an upper electrode, a piezoelectric and/or electrostrictive material and a lower electrode, characterized in that the piezoelectric and/or electrostrictive material is a composite oxide constituted by ABO3 as general formula and the piezoelectric and/or electrostrictive material has a twin crystal.

Abstract: A rotation angle detector provided with a spring to thrust a rotary body against protrusions formed on an inner wall of an opening via a detector body in a manner to keep the rotary body rotatable without any play in a linked motion with a steering shaft. As a result, the detector can detect rotation angles of the steering shaft with high accuracy.

Abstract: A folding apparatus of the present invention comprises a folding section 40 for folding a web W in two so that opposite side edges W1, W2 of the web W are in a predetermined positional relationship with respect to each other; a correction section 90 for correcting a moving direction of the web W by contacting the web W in the folding section 40; a detecting section 41, 103 for detecting a reference portion W1, W2 of the web to be used as a reference in a web folding operation so as to output positional information regarding a position of the detected reference portion W1, W2; and a control section 3 for controlling the correction section 90 based on the positional information so as to change a state of contact of the contact of the correction section 90 with the web W.

Abstract: The push-type vehicle switch has a case, an actuator, a movable contact, and a cap made of elastic material. The case has an opening and a fixed contact implanted inside thereof. The actuator is contained in the case reciprocably. The movable contact is provided facing the fixed contact and connects to and disconnects from the fixed contact according to reciprocable movement of the actuator. The cap covers the opening of the case.

Abstract: A discharge lamp lighting apparatus has a problem that a microcomputer within the apparatus falls down into malfunction due to noises generated in an inside thereof. With such the structure of the discharge lamp lighting apparatus that an operation of a calculation processing circuit, which is built up with the microcomputer, etc., is stopped through stopping the supply of electric power to the calculation processing circuit or bringing it into a sleep mode, it is possible to protecting it from the malfunction, during a time period when high voltage is generated just after starting of lighting of the discharge lamp. Also, with applying a protection processing by means of the calculation processing circuit and also applying an analog protection circuit, in common with, thereby it is possible to ensure reliability thereof further.

Abstract: A discharge lamp lighting apparatus has a problem that a microcomputer within the apparatus falls down into malfunction due to noises generated in an inside thereof. With such the structure of the discharge lamp lighting apparatus that an operation of a calculation processing circuit, which is built up with the microcomputer, etc., is stopped through stopping the supply of electric power to the calculation processing circuit or bringing it into a sleep mode, it is possible to protecting it from the malfunction, during a time period when high voltage is generated just after starting of lighting of the discharge lamp. Also, with applying a protection processing by means of the calculation processing circuit and also applying an analog protection circuit, in common with, thereby it is possible to ensure reliability thereof further.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a discharge lamp lighting device which realizes the minute control of the lighting sequence and electric power of a high-pressure discharge lamp and the control of various anti-error protecting functions by mounting a microcomputer. However, since microcomputer processing typically progresses in accordance with the programs previously recorded on a ROM, various actions of the discharge lamp are controlled in accordance with ROM-recorded data settings. To modify these settings, the contents of the ROM need to be updated. Therefore, a function for communicating with an external device is assigned to the microcomputer so that various data settings can be modified.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a discharge lamp lighting device which realizes the minute control of the lighting sequence and electric power of a high-pressure discharge lamp and the control of various anti-error protecting functions by mounting a microcomputer. However, since microcomputer processing-typically progresses in accordance with the programs previously recorded on a ROM, various actions of the discharge lamp are controlled in accordance with ROM-recorded data settings. To modify these settings, the contents of the ROM need to be updated. Therefore, a function for communicating with an external device is assigned to the microcomputer so that various data settings can be modified.

Abstract: A vehicle transmission apparatus includes an engine generating a driving force; a transmission having, therein, at least one input shaft being connectable to the engine and an output shaft connected to a drive wheel, the transmission being capable of establishing, therein, one of plural shift stages in response to a vehicle driving condition; at least one clutch mechanism for establishing and interrupting transmission of a driving force of the engine to the transmission, the at least one clutch mechanism being capable of being connected to the at least one input shaft; and a braking means for applying a braking force to the engine.

Abstract: A piezoelectric element including an upper electrode, a piezoelectric and/or electrostrictive material and a lower electrode, characterized in that the piezoelectric and/or electrostrictive material is a composite oxide constituted by ABO3 as general formula and the piezoelectric and/or electrostrictive material has a twin crystal.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a discharge lamp lighting device which realizes the minute control of the lighting sequence and electric power of a high-pressure discharge lamp and the control of various anti-error protecting functions by mounting a microcomputer. However, since microcomputer processing-typically progresses in accordance with the programs previously recorded on a ROM, various actions of the discharge lamp are controlled in accordance with ROM-recorded data settings. To modify these settings, the contents of the ROM need to be updated. Therefore, a function for communicating with an external device is assigned to the microcomputer so that various data settings can be modified.

Abstract: The object of the present invention is to provide PTH or a PTH derivative, which is modified to attain increased bioavailability without losing PTH activity and to have a reduced risk of side effects. PEG conjugation to PTH or a PTH derivative increases the bioavailability while maintaining PTH activity and also reduces side effects.

Abstract: A discharge lamp lighting apparatus has a problem that a microcomputer within the apparatus falls down into malfunction due to noises generated in an inside thereof. With such the structure of the discharge lamp lighting apparatus that an operation of a calculation processing circuit, which is built up with the microcomputer, etc., is stopped through stopping the supply of electric power to the calculation processing circuit or bringing it into a sleep mode, it is possible to protecting it from the malfunction, during a time period when high voltage is generated just after starting of lighting of the discharge lamp. Also, with applying a protection processing by means of the calculation processing circuit and also applying an analog protection circuit, in common with, thereby it is possible to ensure reliability thereof further.

Abstract: A rotation angle detector is simple in structure and is capable of angle detection with a high resolution. First and second detecting units detect rotations of first and second detecting members rotating in association with a rotating member as detection signals in which predetermined waveforms continue. A control unit connected with the first and second detecting units detects a difference between the waveforms output from first and second detecting units as a gradually increasing detection signal and detects a rotation angle of the rotating member from two signals: the gradually increasing detection signal and the waveform output from the first detecting unit.

Abstract: A rotation angle detector is simple in structure and is capable of angle detection with a high resolution, First and second detecting units detect rotations of first and second detecting members rotating in association with a rotating member as detection signals in which predetermined waveforms continue. A control unit connected with the first and second detecting units detects a difference between the waveforms output from first and second detecting units as a gradually increasing detection signal and detects a rotation angle of the rotating member from two signals: the gradually increasing detection signal and the waveform output from the first detecting unit.

Abstract: A chemical vapor deposition process controls the thickness of a film on an edge of a wafer by modifying the density of flow gases at the edge of the wafer through the use of a gas flow control ring. The deposition process is performed with the gas flow control ring disposed about a wafer holding region on a wafer holder. The top surface of the gas flow control ring is controlled relative to the top surface of the wafer to adjust the thickness of the film deposited on the wafer edge. In one particular embodiment, the gas flow control ring has a top surface in the same plane as the top surface of the wafer. In another embodiment, the deposition process is performed with the clearance between the inner diameter of the gas flow control ring and the periphery of the wafer minimized.

Abstract: A synthetic resin tube container is formed to have a shortened neck portion and to eliminate an overlapping double wall in a structure for mounting a cap to the neck portion. The tube container comprises a container body and a cover plate. The container body has a trunk portion from which the neck portion is extending upwardly through an inward flanged wall. The upper surface of the neck portion is closed by a top wall with a discharge port. A fitting recessed groove is formed circumferentially on the inward flanged wall. The cover plate is connected via a hinge to an insert cylinder which is fitted into the fitting recessed groove.

Abstract: A printing apparatus has a small size that facilitates replacement of rolled paper, removal of jammed paper, etc., and alleviates the likelihood of a paper jam with a considerably simple structure. The printing apparatus comprises a rolled-paper holder (2), which is provided with a first holder (2b) for use in carrying out printing on rolled paper (1), and a second holder (2a) for use in setting the rolled paper (1). The rolled paper (1) is moved from the second holder (2a) to the first holder (2b) as a main body of the apparatus is shifted from a paper setting position to a printing work position, thereby facilitating the setting of the rolled paper (1) and removal of jammed paper, since the rolled paper (1) can be temporarily supported by the second holder (2a) in order to provide sufficient work space when replacing the rolled paper (1) or removing jammed paper.

Abstract: A printing apparatus has a small size that facilitates replacement of rolled paper, removal of jammed paper, etc., and alleviates the likelihood of a paper jam with a considerably simple structure. The printing apparatus comprises a rolled-paper holder (2), which is provided with a first holder (2b) for use in carrying out printing on rolled paper (1), and a second holder (2a) for use in setting the rolled paper (1). The rolled paper (1) is moved from the second holder (2a) to the first holder (2b) as a main body of the apparatus is shifted from a paper setting position to a printing work position, thereby facilitating the setting of the rolled paper (1) and removal of jammed paper, since the rolled paper (1) can be temporarily supported by the second holder (2a) in order to provide sufficient work space when replacing the rolled paper (1) or removing jammed paper.