Abstract: According to one embodiment, a platooning operation system organizes a platoon by making a plurality of vehicles cooperate. The platooning operation system includes an application acceptance processor and a platoon organization processor. The application acceptance processor accepts an application of a vehicle for admission to the platoon. The platoon organization processor which selects a platoon to which the vehicle is to be admitted or determines possibility of admission of the vehicle to the platoon, based on at least one of information on a driver driving the vehicle and information on the vehicle.

Abstract: Provided is an encoder capable of suppressing a decrease in detection accuracy. The encoder includes a moving plate, a light irradiator that irradiates a code pattern with light, and a light receiver. The code pattern includes a light guider and a non-light guider. A code pattern array is an array in which an error correction code for correcting an error is inserted into a position information data string that can specify a position. The light receiver includes a position detecting light receiving element that reads a position array of a code pattern and a position correcting light receiving element that outputs information for correcting an error.

Abstract: Provided is an encoder capable of achieving high position resolution without being finely divided, and capable of detecting a rotation angle or the like with high sensitivity. The encoder includes: rotary plate (2) having a plurality of reflection structures (10) repeatedly formed and code (20) including light reflector (21); irradiator (4) that irradiates the plurality of reflection structures (10) with light; and light receiver (5) that receives light reflected by the plurality of reflection structures (10). Each of the plurality of reflection structures (10) has a surface in a convex shape, and each of the plurality of reflection structures (10) has a width that is an integral multiple of a width of light reflector (21).

Abstract: The present invention facilitates the work of setting a surveillance camera (30) with the surveillance camera (30) in a packed and stacked state. A surveillance camera packing member (1) is composed of: a cushioning material (10) that has a cylindrical shape with one end open and that holds a case side surface (31) and a circular dome section (32) of a dome-type surveillance camera (30); and a packing box (20) formed by bending a corrugated board sheet to form a rectangular parallelepiped and that accommodates the cushioning material (10) in which the dome-type surveillance camera (30) is held, a perforated line (23) for forming a open window section (22) of predetermined size for removing a connector-equipped cable (40) being provided to a side surface (21) of the packing box (20) facing the casing back surface (33) of the accommodated dome-type surveillance camera (30).

Abstract: The present invention facilitates the work of setting a surveillance camera (30) with the surveillance camera (30) in a packed and stacked state. A surveillance camera packing member (1) is composed of: a cushioning material (10) that has a cylindrical shape with one end open and that holds a case side surface (31) and a circular dome section (32) of a dome-type surveillance camera (30); and a packing box (20) formed by bending a corrugated board sheet to form a rectangular parallelepiped and that accommodates the cushioning material (10) in which the dome-type surveillance camera (30) is held, a perforated line (23) for forming a open window section (22) of predetermined size for removing a connector-equipped cable (40) being provided to a side surface (21) of the packing box (20) facing the casing back surface (33) of the accommodated dome-type surveillance camera (30).

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a transmission capable of minimizing the number of speed-change driven gears on a first countershaft to ensure a layout space in an engine compartment of a vehicle, and reducing a driving torque to be applied to a second countershaft to facilitate downsizing of the transmission. In the transmission, the first countershaft 2 is arranged at a position above an input shaft 1, and a first-speed driven gear 14 and a second-speed driven gear 24 are provided on the first countershaft 2.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a transmission capable of minimizing the number of speed-change driven gears on a first countershaft to ensure a layout space in an engine compartment of a vehicle, and reducing a driving torque to be applied to a second countershaft to facilitate downsizing of the transmission. In the transmission, the first countershaft 2 is arranged at a position above an input shaft 1, and a first-speed driven gear 14 and a second-speed driven gear 24 are provided on the first countershaft 2.

Abstract: In a transfer case for a four-wheel drive vehicle having a front wheel drive axle assembly which includes a first wheel drive axle shaft arranged in parallel to the engine output shaft and connected to a transmission output shaft through a first helical ring gear meshed with the transmission output gear and a second wheel drive axle assembly which includes a second wheel drive axle arranged in parallel to the engine output shaft and connected to a transfer case through a transfer shaft arranged in parallel to the engine output shaft and equipped with a transfer input gear meshed with a second helical ring gear, the first and second helical ring gears are integrally formed as an integral ring gear and bolted to a differential housing as one whole.

Abstract: A four-wheel drive vehicle control system has a differential mode control device which operates in at least a first mode, in which differential action of a differential is variably restricted between an unlocked state and a locked state according to driving conditions, and a second mode, in which the differential is forcibly locked. The first and second modes are manually selected by the driver.

Abstract: A transfer apparatus for a vehicle has an input shaft which is connected to pinion shafts so as to rotate together with the pinion shafts in a transfer casing. Pinion gears, provided on the pinion shafts, mesh with first and second differential side gears provided around the input shaft. A first output shaft is formed as a unitary body with the first differential side gear. Since a clutch mechanism is disposed on one side of and beside the first output shaft, the entire transfer apparatus structure is compact in both axial and radial directions of the input shaft. The second differential side gear is connected to a sprocket, which connected to a second output shaft. In order to transfer rotation of either the input shaft or the second differential side gear to the clutch mechanism, either a differential casing or a portion extending from the sprocket is provided so as to connect with the clutch mechanism.

Abstract: A control system for a four-wheel drive vehicle includes a center differential provided between a front shaft and a rear shaft. The control system also includes a device for restricting a differential between the front shaft and the rear shaft by operating the center differential to be in a locking condition and a controller for controlling the differential restricting device so that a differential restricting force is increased based on an increase in an engine output. The differential restricting force is decreased based on an increase in a vehicle body speed.

Abstract: A control system for a four-wheel drive vehicle includes a first differential provided between a front shaft and a rear shaft and a second differential provided between a right wheel and a left wheel. The control system comprises a first device provided in the first differential for restricting a differential between the front shaft and the rear shaft, a second device provided in the second differential for restricting a differential between the right wheel and the left wheel, and a device for controlling the restricting operations carried out by the first device and the second device. The controlling device includes a device for controlling operational timings in the first device and the second device so that the timing when the first device maintains the first differential in locking condition is different from the timing when the second device maintains the second differential in locking condition.

Abstract: A transfer apparatus for a vehicle has an input shaft which is connected to pinion shafts so as to rotate together with the pinion shafts in a transfer casing. Pinion gears, provided on the pinion shafts, mesh with first and second differential side gears provided around the input shaft. A first output shaft is formed as a unitary body with the first differential side gear. Since a clutch mechanism is disposed on one side of and beside the first output shaft, the entire transfer apparatus structure is compact in both axial and radial directions of the input shaft. The second differential side gear is connected to a sprocket, which connected to a second output shaft. In order to transfer rotation of either the input shaft or the second differential side gear to the clutch mechanism, either a differential casing or a portion extending from the sprocket is provided so as to connect with the clutch mechanism.

Abstract: An anti-skid brake control system comprises anti-skid brakes fitted to respective drive wheels of an automotive vehicle. When the anti-skid brakes are operated and the rotation of the driven wheels subsequently starts restoration, the inertia moment of a power train drivingly coupled with such driven wheels tending to hamper the restoration is reduced. In other words, until the rotation of the drive wheels is restored, the inertia moment of the power train acts to avoid any possible abrupt drop of the wheel speed of at least one of the driven wheels tending to be locked.

Abstract: A four-wheel drive vehicle including an engine of which output shaft extends transversely, a transmission connected with one side of the engine transversely through a clutch or a torque converter, an inter-axle differential machanism constituted by a planetary gear machanism, a first inter-wheel differential mechanism of a bevel gear type for transmitting a driving force to first wheels which are located closer to the engine than second wheels longitudinally, second inter-wheel differential mechanism for transmitting the driving force the second wheels through transfer gear mechanism, propeller shaft mechanism, and inter-axle differential restricting mechanism for restricting a differential operation. The inter-axle differential mechanism, input gear means of the transfer gear mechanism and the first inter-wheel differential mechanism are coaxially disposed on an axle of the first wheels.

Abstract: The gas rate sensor in the present invention is provided with a holder assembly having a metallic holding portion for holding flow sensors and a cylindrical casing containing the holder assembly and heater wires which are wound around the outside thereof. The outer periphery of the holding portion is provided with a plural number of projections which are brought into compressive contact with the inner periphery of the casing for enabling pressing of the holder assembly into the casing. A temperature detection element is disposed in a gas flow passage between the holder assembly and the casing for performing energizing control of the heater wires.

Abstract: A method of manufacturing a fluidic angular rate sensor of the type wherein fine wires, such as tungsten wires, are mounted in tension over the heads of two pairs of spaced apart metal supports which are mounted on a ceramic disc having fluid passage apertures therein, comprising plating gold on the wires; fixedly mounting the wires between the spread apart metal supports by means of thermocompression bonding or the like; and heating the mounted gold plated wires in a predetermined atmosphere for removing the plated gold from the wires and to recrystallize the wires.

Abstract: A semiconductor photodetector element has a three-dimensional multi-layer structure including a photoconductive layer for photoelectric conversion, a layer for binary conversion and amplification and a layer including a redundancy circuit so that the need for external reset and clock inputs can be obviated and correct image information can be expected even if there are defective cells among the photodetection conversion cells.