Abstract: There is provided a polishing composition capable of improving a polishing removal rate of a certain film type and suppressing a polishing removal rate of another certain film type, that is, capable of controlling a so-called polishing selection ratio, in an object to be polished containing two or more different film types. The present invention relates to a polishing composition containing abrasive grains, an acid, a polishing inhibitor, and an oxidizing agent, in which the abrasive grains have a positive zeta potential, the acid is an organic acid, the polishing inhibitor contains a nonionic surfactant, the oxidizing agent is hydrogen peroxide, and a pH of the polishing composition is 2 or more and 4 or less.

Abstract: To provide a polishing composition that can polish titanium nitride film at a higher polishing removal rate with respect to the polishing removal rate for silicon oxide film (specifically, a high selection ratio expressed as polishing removal rate for titanium nitride film/polishing removal rate for silicon oxide film) and that has high dispersion stability. A polishing composition containing abrasive grains, an acid, a surfactant, and an oxidizing agent, wherein the abrasive grains have a positive zeta potential, the acid is an inorganic acid, the surfactant contains a compound having a polypropylene glycol structure, the oxidizing agent is hydrogen peroxide, and the pH is 2 or more and 4 or less.

Abstract: Provided is a polishing composition that can polish a carbon film at a high polishing removal rate. A polishing composition containing abrasive grains and a nonionic surfactant, wherein the polishing composition is used for polishing an object to be polished containing a carbon film.

Abstract: Provided is a polishing composition that can polish a carbon film at a high polishing removal rate, and can polish the carbon film at a high polishing removal rate with respect to a polishing removal rate of a silicon nitride film. A polishing composition, containing an anion-modified silica particle; a nonionic surfactant; and an anionic polymer, wherein a pH of the polishing composition is 1.0 or more and 5.0 or less.

Abstract: The system according to the embodiment includes an operation status acquisition unit, a tactile paving information acquisition unit, a map generation unit, and a voice guidance unit. The operation status acquisition unit acquires the operation status of each public transportation facility. The tactile paving information acquisition unit acquires tactile paving information from each local government. The map generation unit generates a map based on the information acquired by the operation status acquisition unit and the tactile paving information acquisition unit. The voice guidance unit provides voice guidance based on the map generated by the map generation unit.

Abstract: A radiation imaging system includes a radiation imaging apparatus configured to generate a radiation image based on radiation emitted from a radiation generation apparatus, and a control apparatus configured to acquire information from the radiation imaging apparatus and the radiation generation apparatus. The control apparatus includes an image determination unit configured to determine whether the radiation image acquired from the radiation imaging apparatus is a failed image, an irradiation information acquisition unit configured to acquire irradiation information from the radiation generation apparatus, and a factor determination unit configured to determine a factor in acquisition of the failed image, based on a determination result of the image determination unit and information in the irradiation information acquisition unit.

Abstract: There are provided a slurry composition suppressed in a change in physical properties and capable of being imparted with stable polishing performance even after stored over a long period of time, a method for storing the slurry composition, a method for producing a CMP slurry, and a polishing method. A slurry composition contains: colloidal silica; and an acidic compound, in which the pH is less than 7, the colloidal silica has a surface modified by an aminosilane coupling agent, and, when the average secondary particle diameter of the colloidal silica is set to dp [mm], the ratio of the volume of the colloidal silica to the volume of the slurry composition is set to F, and the ratio of circumference of circle to its diameter is set to ?, the average distance between particle surfaces h of the colloidal silica represented by Equation (1) is less than 65 nm, [ Math . 1 ] h = d p ? { ( 3 3 ? ? ? f + 5 6 ) - 1 } .

Abstract: An aqueous sol used in CO2 foam flooding, one of EOR flooding methods for recovering crude oil by injection into the oil reservoir of an onshore or offshore oil field, the aqueous sol increasing foam stability even over a substantial period of time, at high temperatures and pressures, and in salt water, thus improving crude oil recovery rate. The aqueous sol for increasing stability of froth or emulsion in a mixture containing carbon dioxide, water, and oil in CO2 foam flooding of EOR, the sol including silica particles having an average particle diameter of 1 to 100 nm as measured by dynamic light scattering and having surfaces at least partially coated with a silane compound having a hydrolyzable group, the silica particles serving as a dispersoid and dispersed in an aqueous solvent having a pH of 1.0 to 6.0 serving as a dispersion medium.

Abstract: There is provided a polishing composition capable of improving a polishing removal rate of a certain film type and suppressing a polishing removal rate of another certain film type, that is, capable of controlling a so-called polishing selection ratio, in an object to be polished containing two or more different film types. The present invention relates to a polishing composition containing abrasive grains, an acid, a polishing inhibitor, and an oxidizing agent, in which the abrasive grains have a positive zeta potential, the acid is an organic acid, the polishing inhibitor contains a nonionic surfactant, the oxidizing agent is hydrogen peroxide, and a pH of the polishing composition is 2 or more and 4 or less.

Abstract: A dispersion includes silane-bonded inorganic oxide particles having surfaces modified with a hydrolyzable silane, and a liquid dispersion medium which contains a hydrolysate of the hydrolyzable silane; the ratio of (the number of moles of silicon atoms of the hydrolysate of the hydrolyzable silane in the dispersion medium)/(the number of moles of silicon atoms of the silane bonded to the surfaces of the particles) is 0.2 to 30; and Q4 is greater than that before the surface modification with silane, wherein Q4 corresponds to the case where the number of bridging oxygen atoms between silicon atoms of the silica particles is 4/2 per one silicon atom as determined by Si-NMR observation. The inorganic oxide particles have an average diameter of 5 nm to 100 nm and are particles of silica and at least one inorganic oxide from the group of alumina, tin oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, and antimony oxide.

Abstract: The present invention provides methods of generating corneal endothelial cells, for example mature corneal endothelial cells, by increasing expression of a transcription factor in corneal endothelial progenitors, and compositions thereof.

Abstract: A reactive silicone composition including component (S) and component (T) below, the component (S): a reactive silicone compound including a condensation product of a diaryl silicate compound represented by Formula [1] and a silicon compound represented by Formula [2], (wherein Ar1 and Ar2 each independently represent a phenyl group optionally substituted by a C1-6 alkyl group and X represents a hydrolyzable reactive group), the component (T): modified titanium oxide-containing oxide colloidal particles produced by bonding an organosilicon compound to surfaces of titanium oxide-containing oxide colloidal particles (C) having an average particle diameter of from 2 to 100 nm and including, as a core, titanium oxide-containing metal oxide colloidal particles (A), surfaces of which are coated with a coating including silicon dioxide- and tin oxide-containing composite oxide colloidal particles (B).

Abstract: A dispersion includes silane-bonded inorganic oxide particles having surfaces modified with a hydrolyzable silane, and a liquid dispersion medium which contains a hydrolysate of the hydrolyzable silane; the ratio of (the number of moles of silicon atoms of the hydrolysate of the hydrolyzable silane in the dispersion medium)/(the number of moles of silicon atoms of the silane bonded to the surfaces of the particles) is 0.2 to 30; and Q4 is greater than that before the surface modification with silane, wherein Q4 corresponds to the case where the number of bridging oxygen atoms between silicon atoms of the silica particles is 4/2 per one silicon atom as determined by Si-NMR observation. The inorganic oxide particles have an average diameter of 5 nm to 100 nm and are particles of silica and at least one inorganic oxide from the group of alumina, tin oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, and antimony oxide.

Abstract: To provide a polishing composition that can polish titanium nitride film at a higher polishing removal rate with respect to the polishing removal rate for silicon oxide film (specifically, a high selection ratio expressed removal rate titanium as polishing for nitride film/polishing removal rate for silicon oxide film) and that has high dispersion stability. A polishing composition containing abrasive grains, an acid, a surfactant, and an oxidizing agent, wherein the abrasive grains have a positive zeta potential, the acid is an inorganic acid, the surfactant contains a compound having a polypropylene glycol structure, the oxidizing agent is hydrogen peroxide, and the pH is 2 or more and 4 or less.

Abstract: A radiation imaging system includes a radiation imaging apparatus configured to generate a radiation image based on radiation emitted from a radiation generation apparatus, and a control apparatus configured to acquire information from the radiation imaging apparatus and the radiation generation apparatus. The control apparatus includes an image determination unit configured to determine whether the radiation image acquired from the radiation imaging apparatus is a failed image, an irradiation information acquisition unit configured to acquire irradiation information from the radiation generation apparatus, and a factor determination unit configured to determine a factor in acquisition of the failed image, based on a determination result of the image determination unit and information in the irradiation information acquisition unit.

Abstract: An aqueous sol used in CO2 foam flooding, one of EOR flooding methods for recovering crude oil by injection into the oil reservoir of an onshore or offshore oil field, the aqueous sol increasing foam stability even over a substantial period of time, at high temperatures and pressures, and in salt water, thus improving crude oil recovery rate. The aqueous sol for increasing stability of froth or emulsion in a mixture containing carbon dioxide, water, and oil in CO2 foam flooding of EOR, the sol including silica particles having an average particle diameter of 1 to 100 nm as measured by dynamic light scattering and having surfaces at least partially coated with a silane compound having a hydrolyzable group, the silica particles serving as a dispersoid and dispersed in an aqueous solvent having a pH of 1.0 to 6.0 serving as a dispersion medium.

Abstract: An aqueous sol used in CO2 foam flooding, one of EOR flooding methods for recovering crude oil by injection into the oil reservoir of an onshore or offshore oil field, the aqueous sol increasing foam stability even over a substantial period of time, at high temperatures and pressures, and in salt water, thus improving crude oil recovery rate. The aqueous sol for increasing stability of froth or emulsion in a mixture containing carbon dioxide, water, and oil in CO2 foam flooding of EOR, the sol including silica particles having an average particle diameter of 1 to 100 nm as measured by dynamic light scattering and having surfaces at least partially coated with a silane compound having a hydrolyzable group, the silica particles serving as a dispersoid and dispersed in an aqueous solvent having a pH of 1.0 to 6.0 serving as a dispersion medium.

Abstract: An image formation apparatus includes an image-bearing member, an exposure device, an electro-conductive member, a bias application unit and a development device having a development roller and a toner supply roller. The bias application unit configured to apply biases to the toner supply roller, the development roller, and the electro-conductive member during image formation so that a first potential difference between the toner supply roller and the development roller and a second potential difference between the electro-conductive member and the development roller cause normally charged toner to travel respectively from the toner supply roller and the electro-conductive member to the development roller, and a third potential difference between the electro-conductive member and the toner supply roller causes normally charged toner to travel from the electro-conductive member to the toner supply roller.

Abstract: An aqueous sol used in CO2 foam flooding, one of EOR flooding methods for recovering crude oil by injection into the oil reservoir of an onshore or offshore oil field, the aqueous sol increasing foam stability even over a substantial period of time, at high temperatures and pressures, and in salt water, thus improving crude oil recovery rate. The aqueous sol for increasing stability of froth or emulsion in a mixture containing carbon dioxide, water, and oil in CO2 foam flooding of EOR, the sol including silica particles having an average particle diameter of 1 to 100 nm as measured by dynamic light scattering and having surfaces at least partially coated with a silane compound having a hydrolyzable group, the silica particles serving as a dispersoid and dispersed in an aqueous solvent having a pH of 1.0 to 6.0 serving as a dispersion medium.

Abstract: The method for producing a polishing composition according to the present invention includes mixing a dispersion containing silica and a solution containing a silane coupling agent having a cationic group at a concentration of 0.03% by mass or more and less than 1% by mass to obtain a dispersion containing cationically modified silica.